High Accuracy of Common HIV-Related Oral Disease Diagnoses by Non-Oral Health Specialists in the AIDS Clinical Trial Group

Objective: Many studies include oral HIV-related endpoints that may be diagnosed by non-oral-health specialists (non-OHS) like nurses or physicians. Our objective was to assess the accuracy of clinical diagnoses of HIV-related oral lesions made by non-OHS compared to diagnoses made by OHS. Methods: A5254, a cross-sectional study conducted by the Oral HIV/AIDS Research Alliance within the AIDS Clinical Trial Group, enrolled HIV-1-infected adults participants from six clinical trial units (CTU) in the US (San Francisco, New York, Chapel Hill, Cleveland, Atlanta) and Haiti. CTU examiners (non-OHS) received standardized training on how to perform an oral examination and make clinical diagnoses of specific oral disease endpoints. Diagnoses by calibrated non-OHS were compared to those made by calibrated OHS, and sensitivity and specificity computed. Results: Among 324 participants, the majority were black (73%), men (66%), and the median CD4+ cell count 138 cells/mm3. The overall frequency of oral mucosal disease diagnosed by OHS was 43% in US sites, and 90% in Haiti. Oral candidiasis (OC) was detected in 153 (47%) by OHS, with erythematous candidiasis (EC) the most common type (39%) followed by pseudomembranous candidiasis (PC; 26%). The highest prevalence of OC (79%) was among participants in Haiti, and among those with CD4+ cell count ≤ 200 cells/mm3 and HIV-1 RNA > 1000 copies/mL (71%). The sensitivity and specificity of OC diagnoses by non-OHS were 90% and 92% (for EC: 81% and 94%; PC: 82% and 95%). Sensitivity and specificity were also high for KS (87% and 94%, respectively), but sensitivity was < 60% for HL and oral warts in all sites combined. The Candida culture confirmation of OC clinical diagnoses (as defined by ≥ 1 colony forming unit per mL of oral/throat rinse) was ≥ 93% for both PC and EC. Conclusion: Trained non-OHS showed high accuracy of clinical diagnoses of OC in comparison with OHS, suggesting their usefulness in studies in resource-poor settings, but detection of less common lesions may require OHS

The reference site collaborative network of the european innovation partnership on active and healthy ageing

Seventy four Reference Sites of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) have been recognised by the European Commission in 2016 for their commitment to excellence in investing and scaling up innovative solutions for active and healthy ageing. The Reference Site Collaborative Network (RSCN) brings together the EIP on AHA Reference Sites awarded by the European Commission, and Candidate Reference Sites into a single forum. The overarching goals are to promote cooperation, share and transfer good practice and solutions in the development and scaling up of health and care strategies, policies and service delivery models, while at the same time supporting the action groups in their work. The RSCN aspires to be recognized by the EU Commission as the principal forum and authority representing all EIP on AHA Reference Sites. The RSCN will contribute to achieve the goals of the EIP on AHA by improving health and care outcomes for citizens across Europe, and the development of sustainable economic growth and the creation of jobs

W ou le souvenir d'enfance de Georges Perec, un texte et son entour (étude de cryptanalyse)

Bureau de recherches géologiques et minières - Orléans (brgm) / SudocSudocFranceF

Pratique et spectacle sportifs en Italie fasciste et en Allemagne nazie (étude à partir des équipements sportifs)

Ce travail a pour objectif de comparer les politiques de construction d'équipements sportifs en Italie fasciste et en Allemagne nazie afin d'encadrer les masses par le sport et de mettre en scène la supériorité de leur doctrine. La première partie du travail présente le contexte sportif et historique dont héritent le fascisme italien et le national-socialisme. La manière dont les régimes fasciste et nazi ont tenté d'encadrer, d'un point de vue idéologique, la pratique sportive populaire est traitée dans la deuxième partie. De nombreux équipements sportifs ont été construits pour encourager la pratique sportive des populations ; nous en avons étudié la mise en œuvre et l'efficacité. La troisième partie vise à mettre en évidence l'utilisation du spectacle sportif dans le but de mobilisation des masses. Dans les années 1930, l'organisation de la Coupe du monde de football en Italie en 1934 et des Jeux olympiques de Berlin en 1936, ainsi que l'adaptation des constructions d'équipements sportifs au spectacle, témoignent de cette tendance. Finalement, l'architecture même des équipements sportifs est étudiée dans la quatrième et dernière partie. En effet, sous les régimes étudiés, l'architecture possède une haute valeur symbolique. Par l'étude de l'architecture sportive, cette partie met en évidence comment le sport et l'art se sont complétés pour créer une atmosphère particulièrement chargée en symboles. Les sources sur lesquelles repose cette recherche sont essentiellement des archives nationales italiennes et allemandes, des archives communales italiennes, et les archives du Comité International Olympiques.STRASBOURG-B.N.U.S. (674821001) / SudocSudocFranceF

Dataset of visible-near infrared handheld and micro-spectrometers – comparison of the prediction accuracy of sugarcane properties

International audienceIn the dataset presented in this article, sixty sugarcane samples were analyzed by eight visible / near infrared spectrometers including seven micro-spectrometers. There is one file per spectrometer with sample name, wavelength, absorbance data [calculated as log10 (1/Reflectance)], and another file for reference data, in order to assess the potential of the micro-spectrometers to predict chemical properties of sugarcane samples and to compare their performance with a LabSpec spectrometer. The Partial Least Square Regression (PLS-R) algorithm was used to build calibration models. This open access dataset could also be used to test new chemometric methods, for training, etc

Antigen-Induced but Not Innate Memory CD8 T Cells Express NKG2D and Are Recruited to the Lung Parenchyma upon Viral Infection

International audienceThe pool of memory-phenotype CD8 T cells is composed of Ag-induced (AI) and cytokine-induced innate (IN) cells. IN cells have been described as having properties similar to those of AI memory cells. However, we found that pathogen-induced AI memory cells can be distinguished in mice from naturally generated IN memory cells by surface expression of NKG2D. Using this marker, we described the increased functionalities of AI and IN memory CD8 T cells compared with naive cells, as shown by comprehensive analysis of cytokine secretion and gene expression. However, AI differed from IN memory CD8 T cells by their capacity to migrate to the lung parenchyma upon inflammation or infection, a process dependent on their expression of ITGA1/CD49a and ITGA4/CD49d integrins

Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia patients: correlations and prognostic impact

International audienceWhile Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is characterized by an almost unifying mutation in MYD88, clinical presentation at diagnosis and response to therapy can be widely different among WM patients. Current prognostic tools only partially address this clinical heterogeneity. Limited data compiling both molecular and cytogenetic information have been used in risk prognostication in WM. To investigate the clinical impact of genetic alterations in WM, we evaluated cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities by chromosome banding analyses, FISH and targeted NGS in a retrospective cohort of 239 WM patients, including 187 patients treated by first-line chemotherapy or immunochemotherapy. Most frequent mutations were identified in MYD88 (93%), CXCR4 (29%), MLL2 (11%), ARID1A (8%), TP53 (8%), CD79A/B (6%), TBL1XR1 (4%) and SPI1 (4%). The median number of cytogenetic abnormalities was two (range, 0–22). Main cytogenetic abnormalities were 6q deletion (del6q) (27%), trisomy 4 (tri4) (12%), tri18 (11%), del13q (11%), tri12 (7.5%) and del17p (7%). Complex karyotype (CK) was observed in 15% (n = 31) of cases, including 5% (n = 12) of highly CK (high-CK). TP53 abnormalities (TP53abn) were present in 15% of evaluable patients. TP53abn and del6q were associated with CK/high-CK (p < .05). Fifty-three percent of patients with hyperviscosity harbored CXCR4 mutations. Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities did not significantly impact time to first treatment and response to therapy. Prognostic factors associated with shorter PFS were del6q (p = .01), TP53abn (p = .002) and high-CK (p = .01). These same factors as well as IPSSWM, tri4, CXCR4 frameshift and SPI1 mutations were significantly associated with lower OS (p < .05). These results argue for integration of both cytogenetic and molecular screening in evaluation of first-line WM patients

Sensitivity and specificity of HIV-related oral diagnoses made by ACTG Clinical Trial Unit non-dental examiners as compared to reference standard diagnoses made by oral health specialists among 324 participants in ACTG/OHARA¹ protocol 5254.

<p>¹ The Oral HIV/AIDS Research Alliance (OHARA) is a Collaborative Science Group within the AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG)</p><p>²<b>US sites</b>: Case Western Reserve University (Cleveland); Emory University (Atlanta); New York University (New York City); University of California San Francisco (San Francisco); University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill). <b>Non-US site</b>: Centre GHESKIO (Port au Prince, Haiti)</p><p>³ Number of cases diagnosed by Oral Medicine specialist</p><p>⁴ Exact 95% confidence interval</p><p>Sensitivity and specificity of HIV-related oral diagnoses made by ACTG Clinical Trial Unit non-dental examiners as compared to reference standard diagnoses made by oral health specialists among 324 participants in ACTG/OHARA<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131001#t004fn001" target="_blank">¹</a> protocol 5254.</p