The Marine Garden at Villa Vizcaya Miami, Florida : A Management and Interpretation Analysis

This graduate thesis analyzed the historical and current management of Vizcaya Museum and Gardens. This analysis was aimed at investigating the causes and circumstances that led to the physical deterioration of the Marine Garden. Through this examination two main goals were set. Goal one, the reassessment of the historic values specific to the gardens and Marine Garden and goal two, the provision of recommendations for the management, maintenance and interpretation for the gardens and Marine garden specifically

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEACHING GAME FOR UNDERSTANDING (TGFU) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PERMAINAN BOLA BASKET

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan rendahnya hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran permainan bolabasket . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pembelajaran Teaching Game For Understanding (TGFU) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran aktivitas permainan bolabasket. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi, GPAI, catatan lapangan, dokumentasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian melibatkan siswa kelas XII basket putra SMAK YAHYA Bandung yang terdiri dari 12 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat hasil proses pembelajaran siswa pada pra observasi 56%, pada siklus 1 tindakan 1 61%, siklus 1 tindakan 2 66%, siklus 2 tindakan 1 73%, siklus 2 tindakan 2 79% dan pada siklus 2 tindakan 3 81%. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan dan analisis data menunjukan terdapat peningkatan terhadap hasil belajar siswa setelah menerapkan model Teaching Game For Understanding dalam pembelajaran permainan bolabasket.; This research is motivated by the problem of learning student basketball games. This study aims to determine the learning model of Teaching Game For Understanding (TGFU) can improve student learning outcomes in learning basketball game activities. The instruments used in this study were observation sheets, GPAI, field notes, documentation, and evaluation. The subject of the study involved students of class XII basketball in SMAK YAHYA Bandung, consisting of 12 students. Based on the results of the study, the results of the students' learning process at pre-observation were 56%, in cycle 1 the action was 61%, cycle 1 action 2 66%, cycle 2 action 1 73%, cycle 2 action 2 79% and cycle 2 action 3 81% . Based on the results of processing and analysis of the data shows there is an increase in student learning outcomes after applying the Teaching Game For Understanding model in learning basketball games

Acute hepatitis C infection in HIV co-infection - epidemiology, natural history and the hose-viral responses.

Aim: To analyse the epidemiological, clinical and immunological aspects of a recent epidemic of acute HCV in HIV co-infected individuals.;Methods: The epidemiology was characterised using combined molecular and clinical studies. A phylogenetic analysis of the E1/E2 region of the HCV genome was performed to determine HCV transmission. Transmission risk factors were then explored in a multicentre case-control study. Data was collected on the early clinical course of HCV in HIV. Longitudinal cell-mediated responses to HCV and HCV evolution were studied with PBMCs and serum collected during the acute phase.;Results: The studies revealed significant differences in the epidemiology, natural history, cell-mediated responses and HCV evolution between acute HCV with and without HIV. The seven clusters demonstrated in the molecular study is strong evidence for common source transmission. The case-control study identified permucosal factors, including high-risk mucosally traumatic sexual and drug practices, were significantly associated with the recent transmission of HCV. HCV persistence was the outcome in the vast majority of HIV co-infected individuals and these rates are significantly higher than those for HCV mono-infection. The CD4 T-cell responses lacked the magnitude and breadth of response for control of HCV. The virological data supported this, revealing quasispecies evolution that appeared not to be driven by immune pressure.;Conclusions: The phylogenetic clusters cross both HCV genotype and subtype implying that the HCV transmission is not due to a specific viral change, but that patient and/or environmental factors are responsible for the recent infections. Permucosal rather than parenteral behavioural risk factors are associated with this transmission. The immuno-deficient state associated with HIV results in very low spontaneous clearance of HCV and the vast majority of these patients become persistently infected. In order to mitigate this important and ongoing epidemic, these factors need to be the focus of a concerted effort on the part of public health specialist, clinicians and HIV-positive individuals themselves

Implementasi Teknologi Radio Frequency Identification Untuk Identifikasi Dan Autentikasi Pada Gerbang Masuk DiUniversitas Sam Ratulangi Manado

Lingkungan kampus Universitas Sam Ratuangi (UNSRAT) memiliki pengunjung pada saat jam kerja. Tetapi tidak semua pengunjung lingkungan kampus memiliki tujuan yang sama. Karena selain belajar dan mengajar, ada juga aktivitas lain yang dilakukan seperti misalnya hanya sekedar melewati jalan yang berada di lingkungan kampus untuk menghemat waktu. Hal ini membuat pihak kampus tidak dapat melihat dan mendata setiap pengunjung kampus dikarenakan tidak adanya metode atau cara yang digunakan untuk mendata pengunjung di lingkungan kampus UNSRAT. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, penelitian ini akan membahas penggunaan teknologi Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sebagai metode untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengautentikasi pengunjung. RFID reader akan di pasang pada setiap gerbang masuk untuk mendeteksi dan menerjemahkan ID tag pada kartu identitas pengunjung. Jika ID tag tersebut terdaftar, maka pengunjung tersebut akan diperbolehkan untuk masuk ke lingkungan kampus, namun jika tidak terdaftar di dalam database, maka pengunjung tidak diberi izin untuk masuk dan harus mendaftarkan ID tag tersebut agar memiliki hak akses masuk lingkungan kampus. Proses pendaftaran ID tag dan tampilan output akan disajikan dalam bentuk Graphical User Interface (GUI). Dengan menggunakan metode ini, pihak kampus akan lebih mudah untuk mengontrol dan mendata setiap pengunjung lingkungan kampus serta melihat jam masuk / keluar pengunjung

Importation of generic hepatitis C therapies: Bridging the price - access gap in high-income countries

The global burden of hepatitis C infection and the emergence of effective therapies An estimated 80-150 million people are infected with hepatitis C infection (HCV) worldwide, with the highest prevalence rates in low- and medium-income countries of Africa and Asia. HCV-related liver disease mortality is estimated to be half a million per annum.1,2 Chronic HCV treatment was interferon-based for two decades, with the addition of ribavirin (RBV),3 pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN)4 and initial protease inhibitor direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapies (telaprevir, boceprevir)5,6 subsequently providing stepwise improvements in the rate of sustained virological response (SVR). Despite these improvements, interferon-containing HCV therapy uptake remained low in most countries, ranging from <1% to a maximum of 5% of people with chronic HCV initiating therapy each year.7 Fortunately, recent years have seen a revolution in HCV therapeutic development, with the advent of interferon-free DAA therapies, which disrupt replication through inhibition of HCV protease, polymerase and NS5A function.8 Simple (single daily dosing oral regimens), highly tolerable, short-duration (8-24 weeks) regimens with extremely high efficacy (cure rates above 95%) have been developed and registered internationally. Used in various combinations depending on HCV genotypes and previous treatment exposure, these include: sofosbuvir/ledipasvir ,9-11 paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir/dasabavir/+/-ribavirin ,12-14 sofosbuvir/daclatasvir,15,16 elbasvir/grazoprevir,17,18 and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. There is clear evidence that HCV cure impacts HCV-related liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk.19 Early treatment may have greater benefit. Furthermore, as a result of the high efficacy and tolerance, and ease of delivery of these medications, HCV treatment as prevention is being explored in some countries, particularly treating high prevalence populations, such as people who inject drugs and incarcerated populations.20 The broad implementation of these therapeutic regimens has the potential to dramatically impact HCV-related disease burden globally. Indeed, new HCV treatments have been deemed so important that some (sofosbuvir, daclatasvir) were added to the 2015 WHO Essential Medicines List along with a number of their combinations.NHMRC project grant, App 108067

Factors associated with severity of hepatic fibrosis in people with chronic hepatitis C infection

The document attached has been archived with permission from the editor of the Medical Journal of Australia. An external link to the publisher’s copy is included.OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with hepatic fibrosis development in people with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS: As a requirement for access to interferon therapy through the S100 scheme in Australia, individual pretreatment demographic and clinical information was collected on 2986 patients from 61 hospital-based liver clinics from 1 October 1994 through 31 December 1996. Patients with both a hepatic fibrosis score and an estimated duration of HCV infection (910) were divided into 540 with no or minimal hepatic fibrosis (stage 0–1) and 370 with moderate to severe hepatic fibrosis (stage 2–3). Seven factors were examined: age at HCV infection, sex, ethnicity, source of infection, duration of infection, alcohol intake, and mean ALT level. A further analysis was performed for all 1135 patients with a hepatic fibrosis score disregarding age at and duration of HCV infection. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, four factors were significantly associated with moderate to severe hepatic fibrosis: age at infection (OR, 2.33 for age 31–40 years, 5.27 for age > 40 years, and 0.20 for age 30 years, compared with 3 times, compared with 1.5–2 times the upper limit of normal). In the analysis disregarding age at HCV infection and duration of HCV infection, older age was strongly associated with moderate to severe hepatic fibrosis (OR, 2.32 for age 36–40 years, 2.46 for age 41–50 years, 7.87 for age 51–60 years, and 7.15 for age > 60 years, compared with 16–30 years). There was no association in either analysis with sex or source of HCV infection. CONCLUSION: These factors may assist in targeting patients for both liver biopsy-based investigation and therapeutic intervention.Mark Danta, Gregory J Dore, Lisa Hennessy, Yueming Li, Chris R Vickers, Hugh Harley, Meng Ngu, William Reed, Paul V Desmond, William Sievert, Geoff C Farrell, John M Kaldor and Robert G Bate

稲垣足穂『少年愛の美学』の読書論的研究 --念者としての語り--

千葉大学大学院人文社会科学研究科研究プロジェクト報告書第144集 『パフォーマンスの民族誌的研究』橋本裕之

Targeted hepatitis C antibody testing interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may reduce the risk of liver-related morbidity, by facilitating earlier access to treatment and care. This review investigated the effectiveness of targeted testing interventions on HCV case detection, treatment uptake, and prevention of liver-related morbidity. A literature search identified studies published up to 2013 that compared a targeted HCV testing intervention (targeting individuals or groups at increased risk of HCV) with no targeted intervention, and results were synthesised using meta-analysis. Exposure to a targeted testing intervention, compared to no targeted intervention, was associated with increased cases detected [number of studies (n) = 14; pooled relative risk (RR) 1.7, 95 % CI 1.3, 2.2] and patients commencing therapy (n = 4; RR 3.3, 95 % CI 1.1, 10.0). Practitioner-based interventions increased test uptake and cases detected (n = 12; RR 3.5, 95 % CI 2.5, 4.8; and n = 10; RR 2.2, 95 % CI 1.4, 3.5, respectively), whereas media/information-based interventions were less effective (n = 4; RR 1.5, 95 % CI 0.7, 3.0; and n = 4; RR 1.3, 95 % CI 1.0, 1.6, respectively). This meta-analysis provides for the first time a quantitative assessment of targeted HCV testing interventions, demonstrating that these strategies were effective in diagnosing cases and increasing treatment uptake. Strategies involving practitioner-based interventions yielded the most favourable outcomes. It is recommended that testing should be targeted at and offered to individuals who are part of a population with high HCV prevalence, or who have a history of HCV risk behaviour

Use of illicit drugs, alcohol and tobacco in Spain and Portugal during the COVID-19 crisis in 2020 as measured by wastewater-based epidemiology

The COVID-19 pandemic spread rapidly worldwide in the year 2020, which was initially restrained by drastic mobility restrictions. In this work, we investigated the use of illicit drugs (amphetamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, cocaine and cannabis), and licit substances of abuse (alcohol and tobacco) during the earlier months (March–July 2020) of the pandemic restrictions in four Spanish (Bilbao and its metropolitan area, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Castellón and Santiago de Compostela) and two Portuguese (Porto and Vila do Conde) locations by wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). The results show that no methamphetamine was detected in any of the locations monitored, while amphetamine use was only detectable in the two locations from the Basque Country (Bilbao and its metropolitan area and Vitoria-Gasteiz), with high estimated average usage rates (700–930 mg day−1 1000 inhabitant−1). The remaining substances were detected in all the investigated catchment areas. In general, no remarkable changes were found in population normalized loads compared to former years, except for cocaine (i.e. its main metabolite, benzoylecgonine). For this drug, a notable decrease in use was discernible in Castellón, while its usage in Porto and Santiago de Compostela seemed to continue in a rising trend, already initiated in former years. Furthermore, two events of ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA) dumping in the sewage network were confirmed by enantiomeric analysis, one in Santiago de Compostela just prior the lockdown and the second one in the Bilbao and its metropolitan area in July after relieving the more stringent measures. The latter could also be associated with a police intervention. The comparison of WBE with (web) survey data, which do not provide information at a local level, points towards contradictory conclusions for some of the substances, thereby highlighting the need for stable WBE networks capable of near real-time monitoring drug useThis research was funded by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación – MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (CTM2016-81935-REDT, PID2020-117686RB-C32 and PID2020-117686RB-C31), Consellería de Cultura de Galicia, Educación e Universidades (ED481A-2020/258 and ED431C 2021/06), Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas (2020I009), Instituto de Salud Carlos III-Next Generation EU (RD21/0009/0012 – RIAPAd Network), Generalitat Valenciana (Research Group of Excellence Prometeo 2019/040), Fundación Vital (Vitoria-Gasteiz) and Ayuntamiento de Vitoria-GasteizS