Intellectuels, médias et espace public en Italie au début du xxe siècle : le cas des revues gobettiennes

Entre la fin du xixesiècle et l’avènement du régime fasciste, les revues constituent une des expressions les plus significatives de la culture médiatique en Italie, en raison de leur rôle de carrefour intellectuel, culturel et politique : elles sont le cadre privilégié du rapport des intellectuels à l’espace public. En prenant comme fil directeur l’expérience éditoriale de Piero Gobetti, notre propos est de replacer le phénomène des revues dans le contexte idéologique et politique de cette époque. Le questionnement mené par les revues littéraires est aussi une manière de tenir un discours sur la place de la culture dans la société, au moment où cette dernière est la proie d’une grande instabilité. L’intellectuel écrivant dans les revues utilise son rôle de médiateur culturel pour engager un débat sur sa propre fonction : se dessine alors un discours à plusieurs détentes, où l’écriture critique approche le littéraire, et où les considérations esthétiques rejoignent des préoccupations éthiques et politiques.From the late nineteenth century to the advent of fascism, literary reviews were the most relevant expression of Italian media culture and functioned as a cultural and intellectual crossroads. They provided intellectuals with their principal means of participating in public debates. Using the publishing experience of Piero Gobetti as our connecting thread, this article examines the phenomenon of cultural reviews in the ideological and political context of that time. By looking at the literary reviews, we can better understand the role of culture in society, which at that time was undergoing instability. Intellectuals who contributed to the literary reviews used their role as cultural mediators to initiate a debate regarding their own role in society

Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are encountered by many healthcare providers such as interventional radiologists, vascular surgeons, cardiologists, and general practitioners. Much effort has been placed in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of AAA with somewhat little understanding of its pathophysiology. AAA is a complex disease typically segmented into a process of proteolysis, inflammation, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis with oxidative stress balancing its components. AAA and other aortic syndromes such as aortic dissection share this same process. On the other hand, AAA formation and aortic pathology may be acquired through infection like in mycotic aneurysm or may be genetic in origin such as seen with Ehlers-Danlos and Marfan syndromes

Arrival of Paleo-Indians to the Southern Cone of South America: New Clues from Mitogenomes

With analyses of entire mitogenomes, studies of Native American mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation have entered the final phase of phylogenetic refinement: the dissection of the founding haplogroups into clades that arose in America during and after human arrival and spread. Ages and geographic distributions of these clades could provide novel clues on the colonization processes of the different regions of the double continent. As for the Southern Cone of South America, this approach has recently allowed the identification of two local clades (D1g and D1j) whose age estimates agree with the dating of the earliest archaeological sites in South America, indicating that Paleo-Indians might have reached that region from Beringia in less than 2000 years. In this study, we sequenced 46 mitogenomes belonging to two additional clades, termed B2i2 (former B2l) and C1b13, which were recently identified on the basis of mtDNA control-region data and whose geographical distributions appear to be restricted to Chile and Argentina. We confirm that their mutational motifs most likely arose in the Southern Cone region. However, the age estimate for B2i2 and C1b13 (11–13,000 years) appears to be younger than those of other local clades. The difference could reflect the different evolutionary origins of the distinct South American-specific sub-haplogroups, with some being already present, at different times and locations, at the very front of the expansion wave in South America, and others originating later in situ, when the tribalization process had already begun. A delayed origin of a few thousand years in one of the locally derived populations, possibly in the central part of Chile, would have limited the geographical and ethnic diffusion of B2i2 and explain the present-day occurrence that appears to be mainly confined to the Tehuelche and Araucanian-speaking grou

El desafío de integrar : Parque Lineal Paseo del Bajo. Explanada-mirador

El cruce perpendicular de dos direcciones, norte-sur y este-oeste define los dos grandes problemas de integración de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Por un lado la ya centenaria ausencia de una relación franca de la ciudad con el río, perdida con la construcción del Puerto Madero y nunca recuperada; por el otro, el desbalance entre el sur y el norte. Un norte saturado de funciones urbanas metropolitanas y un sur barrial empobrecido que necesariamente deben tender a equilibrarse. Frente a este desafío, entendemos que la propuesta del Paseo del Bajo, que unirá definitivamente el sistema circulatorio vehicular Norte-Sur del área metropolitana, es una oportunidad para comenzar a resolver un problema más vasto. Un nuevo sistema vial que en principio pareciera dividir aún más el sector, debe servir para integrar.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

El desafío de integrar : Parque Lineal Paseo del Bajo. Explanada-mirador

El cruce perpendicular de dos direcciones, norte-sur y este-oeste define los dos grandes problemas de integración de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Por un lado la ya centenaria ausencia de una relación franca de la ciudad con el río, perdida con la construcción del Puerto Madero y nunca recuperada; por el otro, el desbalance entre el sur y el norte. Un norte saturado de funciones urbanas metropolitanas y un sur barrial empobrecido que necesariamente deben tender a equilibrarse. Frente a este desafío, entendemos que la propuesta del Paseo del Bajo, que unirá definitivamente el sistema circulatorio vehicular Norte-Sur del área metropolitana, es una oportunidad para comenzar a resolver un problema más vasto. Un nuevo sistema vial que en principio pareciera dividir aún más el sector, debe servir para integrar.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

El desafío de integrar : Parque Lineal Paseo del Bajo. Explanada-mirador

El cruce perpendicular de dos direcciones, norte-sur y este-oeste define los dos grandes problemas de integración de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Por un lado la ya centenaria ausencia de una relación franca de la ciudad con el río, perdida con la construcción del Puerto Madero y nunca recuperada; por el otro, el desbalance entre el sur y el norte. Un norte saturado de funciones urbanas metropolitanas y un sur barrial empobrecido que necesariamente deben tender a equilibrarse. Frente a este desafío, entendemos que la propuesta del Paseo del Bajo, que unirá definitivamente el sistema circulatorio vehicular Norte-Sur del área metropolitana, es una oportunidad para comenzar a resolver un problema más vasto. Un nuevo sistema vial que en principio pareciera dividir aún más el sector, debe servir para integrar.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Factors influencing the success and complications of intraosseous access in pediatric patients—a prospective nationwide surveillance study in Germany

BackgroundVascular access is essential for the efficient treatment of critically ill children, but it can be difficult to obtain. Our study was conducted to analyze the feasibility and short-term safety of intraosseous access (IO) use as well as factors influencing its success and the incidence of complications in pediatric emergencies and resuscitation. This dataset of systematically documented intraosseous access attempts constitutes one of the largest published in the literature.MethodsTwo-year nationwide prospective surveillance study in Germany from July 2017 to June 2019. Pediatric hospitals anonymously reported the case data of all children aged 28 days to 18 years who arrived with or were treated with an intraosseous access to the German Pediatric Surveillance Unit (GPSU). The main outcomes were the occurrence of complications, overall success and success at the first attempt. The influence of individual factors on outcomes was evaluated using multivariate regression models.ResultsA total of 417 patients underwent 549 intraosseous access attempts. The overall rates of success and success at the first attempt were 98.3% and 81.9%, respectively. Approximately 63.6% of patients were successfully punctured within 3 min from the time of indication. Approximately 47.7% of IO access attempts required patient resuscitation. Dislocation [OR 17.74 (5.32, 59.15)] and other complications [OR 9.29 (2.65, 32.55)] occurred more frequently in the prehospital environment. A total of 22.7% of patients experienced minor complications, while 2.5% of patients experienced potentially severe complications.ConclusionWe conclude that intraosseous access is a commonly used method for establishing emergency vascular access in children, being associated with a low (age-dependent) rate of severe complications and providing mostly reliable vascular access despite a relatively high rate of dislocation

A Journey to the West: The Ancient Dispersal of Rice Out of East Asia.

Funder: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human HistoryRice is one of the most culturally valued and widely grown crops in the world today, and extensive research over the past decade has clarified much of the narrative of its domestication and early spread across East and South Asia. However, the timing and routes of its dispersal into West Asia and Europe, through which rice eventually became an important ingredient in global cuisines, has remained less clear. In this article, we discuss the piecemeal, but growing, archaeobotanical data for rice in West Asia. We also integrate written sources, linguistic data, and ethnohistoric analogies, in order to better understand the adoption of rice outside its regions of origin. The human-mediated westward spread of rice proceeded gradually, while its social standing and culinary uses repeatedly changing over time and place. Rice was present in West Asia and Europe by the tail end of the first millennium BC, but did not become a significant crop in West Asia until the past few centuries. Complementary historical, linguistic, and archaeobotanical data illustrate two separate and roughly contemporaneous routes of westward dispersal, one along the South Asian coast and the other through Silk Road trade. By better understanding the adoption of this water-demanding crop in the arid regions of West Asia, we explore an important chapter in human adaptation and agricultural decision making

Design, characterization and in vitro evaluation of antifungal polymeric films

The objective of the present paper was the development and the full characterization of antifungal films. Econazole nitrate (ECN) was loaded in a polymeric matrix formed by chitosan (CH) and carbopol 971NF (CB). Polyethylene glycol 400 and sorbitol were used as plasticizing agents. The mechanical properties of films were poorer when the drug was loaded, probably because crystals of ENC produces network outages and therefore reduces the polymeric interactions between the polymers. Polymers–ECN and CH–CB interactions were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetry analysis, and differential thermal analysis (DTA-TGA). ECN did not show structure alterations when loaded into the films. In scanning electron microphotographs and atomic force microscopy analysis, films prepared with CB showed an evident wrinkle pattern probably due to the strong interactions between the polymers, which were observed by FTIR and DTA-TGA. The in vitro activity of the formulations against Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis was twice as greater as the commercial cream, probably as a result of the antifungal combination of the drug with the CH activity. All these results suggest that these polymeric films containing ECN are potential candidates in view of alternatives dosages forms for the treatment of the yeast assayed.Fil: Real, Daniel Andres. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Maria V.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Frattini, Agustin Lujan. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; ArgentinaFil: Soazo, Marina del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Luque, Alicia G.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Biasoli, Marisa S.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Salomon, Claudio Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Olivieri, Alejandro Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Leonardi, Darío. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentin