5,398 research outputs found
Preparation and Characterization of Colon-Specific Microspheres of Diclofenac for Colorectal Cancer
Purpose: To prepare and evaluate colon specific drug delivery system of diclofenac sodium for highly localized delivery to the colon.Methods: The colon specific drug delivery system was prepared as matrix-type microspheres using Ethyl Cellulose (EC), Cellulose Acetate Phthalate (CAP), and Eudragit L 100-55 by the Solvent Evaporation Method. Microspheres were evaluated for physical properties like drug content, particle size, bulk density and angle of repose.Results: The size range of the microcapsules was 228 to 608 μm while drug content was between 74.49 and 91.50 % depending on the polymer used and the polymer ratio. Mean bulk density was < 1.2 g/ml which indicates the good flow properties, while angle of repose was < 40 o, indicating free-flowing properties. The microspheres were spherical in shape with smooth and nonporous surface, except that the microspheres containing EC and CAP exhibited a rough and porous surface. The microspheres containing Eudragit L 100-55 in combination with other polymers gave better sustained release (78.9 and 76.6 % at the end of 8 h for formulation F4 and F5, respectively) than the others.Conclusion: Microspheres prepared with drug: EC: CAP ratio of 1:2:1 show the highest drug content, possess good flow properties and surface morphology, as well as promising drug release for colon specific drug delivery of diclofenac sodium for possible treatment of colorectal cancer.Keywords: Diclofenac, Colorectal cancer, Microspheres, Ethyl cellulose, Cellulose acetate phthalate, Eudragit L 100-5
FreeROI: an integrated toolbox for region of interest definition and visualization
With the increasing knowledge for the topography of brain function, neuroimaging studies are moving away from traditional brain mapping towards investigating the response properties of specific brain regions. As a result, region of interest (ROI) approach, which allows one to ask how a region responds to a range of situations and tasks, become an important methodology in neuroimaging. The FreeROI is designed to help ROI analysis by providing versatile tools for defining/manipulating ROIs and calculating a summary time course from the region data. A pipeline for handling big dataset is also included
Solubility isotope effects in aqueous solutions of methane
The isotope effect on the Henry's law coefficients of methane in
aqueous solution (H/D and C-12/C-13 substitution) are interpreted using
the statistical mechanical theory of condensed phase isotope effects.
The missing spectroscopic data needed for the implementation of the
theory were obtained either experimentally (infrared measurements), by
computer simulation (molecular dynamics technique), or estimated using
the Wilson's GF matrix method. The order of magnitude and sign of both
solute isotope effects can be predicted by the theory. Even a crude
estimation based on data from previous vapor pressure isotope effect
studies of pure methane at low temperature can explain the inverse
effect found for the solubility of deuterated methane in water. (C)
2002 American Institute of Physics
A Unified Quantum NOT Gate
We study the feasibility of implementing a quantum NOT gate (approximate)
when the quantum state lies between two latitudes on the Bloch's sphere and
present an analytical formula for the optimized 1-to- quantum NOT gate. Our
result generalizes previous results concerning quantum NOT gate for a quantum
state distributed uniformly on the whole Bloch sphere as well as the phase
covariant quantum state. We have also shown that such 1-to- optimized NOT
gate can be implemented using a sequential generation scheme via matrix product
states (MPS)
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Computation Efficiency Optimization for RIS-Assisted Millimeter-Wave Mobile Edge Computing Systems
In this paper, we present the computation-efficient resource allocation (RA) schemes for millimeter-wave mobile edge computing (mmWave-MEC) system with the aid of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which is used to assist the uplink communication from the users to the base station (BS). By means of the theoretical analysis, the achievable rate and computation efficiency (CE) are derived. Then, the optimization problem for the CE maximization under the constraints of the minimum rate, maximum power consumption and local CPU frequency is formulated, where the joint design of the hybrid beamforming at the BS and the passive beamforming at the RIS as well as the local resource allocation of each user is carried out. An effective iterative algorithm based on the penalized inexact block coordinate descent (BCD) method is proposed to obtain the computation-efficient RA scheme. Next, a low-complexity suboptimal RA scheme based on the BCD method is proposed, and corresponding algorithm is presented. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes are effective, and high CE can be attained. Moreover, the second scheme can achieve the CE performance close to the first scheme but with lower complexity. Besides, it is effective to deploy the RIS scheme in mmWave-MEC system, which can strike a balance between the CE and energy consumption when compared to the conventional relay schemes.10.13039/501100001809-Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 62031017, 61971220 and 61971221)
Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of MillimeterWaves of Southeast University (Grant Number: K202215
Multi-views Face Recognition System
Nous présentons des résultats de développement concernant un nouveau système de reconnaissance de visages multi vues. L'objectif est double, il s'agit d'augmenter les performances de reconnaissance et en même temps le niveau de sécurité informatique. Nous avons d'abord construit un système d'acquisition simple, bas coût et composé de 5 caméras standard. Il est capable de capter simultanément 5 vues d'un visage humain avec différents angles d'observation. Ensuite, une base de données de visages multi vues contenant 3600 images a été établie. Nous avons effectué des études préliminaires de la reconnaissance de visages sur cette base de données en utilisant deux méthodes d'analyse statistique : PCA et ICA. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent une augmentation de 5,5% des performances de reconnaissance avec notre système de multi vues
Groundwater origin, flow regime and geochemical evolution in arid endorheic watersheds: a case study from the Qaidam Basin, northwestern China
Groundwater origin, flow and geochemical evolution in the Golmud
River watershed of the Qaidam Basin was assessed using hydrogeochemical,
isotopic and numerical approaches. The stable isotopic results show
groundwater in the basin originates from precipitation and meltwater in the
mountainous areas of the Tibetan Plateau. Modern water was found in the
alluvial fan and shallow aquifers of the loess plain. Deep confined
groundwater was recharged by paleowater during the late Pleistocene and
Holocene under a cold climate. Groundwater in the low-lying depression of the
central basin is composed of paleobrines migrated from the western part of
the basin due to tectonic uplift in the geological past. Groundwater
chemistry is controlled by mineral dissolution (halite, gypsum, anhydrite, mirabilite), silicate weathering, cation exchange, evaporation and mineral precipitation
(halite, gypsum, anhydrite, aragonite, calcite, dolomite) and
varies from fresh to brine with the water types evolving from
HCO3  ⋅  Cl-Ca  ⋅  Mg  ⋅  Na to Cl-Na, Cl-K-Na
and Cl-Mg type along the flow path. Groundwater flow patterns are closely
related to stratigraphic control and lithological distribution. Three
hierarchical groundwater flow systems, namely local, intermediate and
regional, were identified using numerical modeling. The quantity of water
discharge from these three systems accounts for approximately 83 %, 14 %
and 3 %, respectively, of the total groundwater quantity of the watershed.
This study can enhance the understanding of groundwater origin, circulation
and evolution in the Qaidam Basin as well as other arid endorheic watersheds
in northwestern China and elsewhere worldwide.</p
Light extraction efficiency enhancement of colloidal quantum dot light-emitting diodes using large-scale nanopillar arrays
Cataloged from PDF version of article.A colloidal quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) is reported with substantially enhanced light extraction efficiency by applying a layer of large-scale, low-cost, periodic nanopillar arrays. Zinc oxide nanopillars are grown on the glass surface of the substrate using a simple, efficient method of non-wetting templates. With the layer of ZnO nanopillar array as an optical outcoupling medium, a record high current efficiency (CE) of 26.6 cd/A is achieved for QLEDs. Consequently, the corresponding external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 9.34% reaches the highest EQE value for green-emitting QLEDs. Also, the underlying physical mechanisms enabling the enhanced light-extraction are investigated, which leads to an excellent agreement of the numerical results based on the mode theory with the experimental measurements. This study is the first account for QLEDs offering detailed insight into the light extraction efficiency enhancement of QLED devices. The method demonstrated here is intended to be useful not only for opening up a ubiquitous strategy for designing high-performance QLEDs but also with respect to fundamental research on the light extraction in QLEDs
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