A Performance da Oralidade Docente

This text presents the orality as performance faculty, drawing on different authors to characterize the work of teachers. It uses Stanislavski’s work to exemplify the situations between actor and professor. It discusses the centrality of orality as content and as a method of the theatrical work. Thus, discusses the orality of the professor as an instrument through which the teacher makes his own voice a poem, making it the vehicle of pedagogical work. This text relies especially on Bauman, Zumthor and Schechner to circumscribe the orality as central theme teaching didactics theatrical. This paper advocates the possibility of thinking the pedagogical task in theater as an act of oral performance.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1984644413936Este texto apresenta a oralidade docente como performance, apoiando-se em diferentes autores para caracterizar o trabalho dos professores de teatro.  Utiliza-se do trabalho de Stanislavski para exemplificar as situações entre ator e professor. Discute-se, com efeito, a centralidade da oralidade como conteúdo e como método próprio do trabalho teatral. Problematiza-se, assim, a oralidade do professor como instrumento por intermédio do qual o professo poetiza sua própria voz, tornando-a veículo do trabalho pedagógico. Este texto apoia-se, especialmente, em Bauman, Zumthor e Schechner para circunscrever a oralidade docente como temática central da didática teatral. Defende-se a possibilidade de pensar a tarefa pedagógica em teatro como ato de performance oral

Biomass for biodiesel production on family farms in Brazil: promise or failure? : integrated assessment of biodiesel crops, farms, policies and producer organisations

In Brazil, a biodiesel policy was implemented as a way of reducing poverty among family farms. The objective of this thesis is to perform an integrated assessment of biodiesel crops, farm types, biodiesel policies and producer organisations that reveals opportunities and limitations of family farmers’ engagement in the biodiesel supply chain

Comportamento dos preços dos produtos agrícolas : tendências, sazonalidade e choques

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Potential impacts of climate change towardsagricultural systems in South Brazil

Cresce nos últimos anos a preocupação com os impactos do aumento anormal da temperatura da superfícieterrestre. As alterações nos padrões climáticos globais podem incorrer em limitações aos sistemas de produçãoagrícolas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir os efeitos da temperatura do ar sobrea fenologia da aveia e seus impactos aos sistemas de produção no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foramutilizados dados diários de temperatura do ar de uma série histórica de 1970 a 2007. Adicionalmente, dadosfenológicos de aveia branca foram extraídos de experimentos de melhoramento genético de 1981 a 2007. Foiutilizada a análise de regressão linear para verificar a ocorrência de alterações no transcurso da média anualda temperatura média, máxima e mínima, assim como no número de dias e soma térmica da emergência aoflorescimento da aveia. Os resultados evidenciaram a intensificação de extremos térmicos sem, no entanto,incorrer em mudanças sobre a temperatura média. Mudanças relacionadas aos dados fenológicos foram afetadas,sobretudo, pela substituição de genótipos. Oscilações interanuais da temperatura e do ciclo da cultura aparecemcomo os principais fatores de risco à atividade agrícola.Recently there has been a growing concern regarding the impacts of the abnormal increase of the temperatureof terrestrial surface. Changes in climatic patterns may incur limitations towards the agricultural production systems.In this context, the present work aims to discuss the effects of air temperature towards oat phenology and itsimpacts on the production systems in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The daily air temperature data were usedfrom a historical observation series for the period 1970 to 2007, while phenologic data were extracted frombreeding experiments from 1981 to 2007. Linear regression analysis was used to verify the occurrence ofchanges over the annual average of the daily mean, maximum and minimum air temperature, along with thenumber of days and the thermal sum from the emergency to the flowering of oat. The results showed that,although there has been no significant change of the average air temperature over the observation period, climateextremes seem to have been intensified. Regarding the phenology of oat, the main effect was observed ingenotype changes. Inter-annual oscillations in temperature and the crop cycle showed to be the major riskfactors towards agricultural activities

Assessment of Cytotoxicity, Fetotoxicity, and Teratogenicity of Plathymenia reticulata Benth Barks Aqueous Extract

Scientific assessment of harmful interactions of chemicals over the entire reproductive cycle are divided into three segments based on the period: from premating and mating to implantation (I), from implantation to major organogenesis (II), and late pregnancy and postnatal development (III). We combined the segments I and II to assess Plathymenia reticulata aqueous extract safety. in order to investigate reproductive toxicity (segment I), pregnant rats received orally 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg of extract, daily, during 18 days. These concentrations were determined by a preliminary in vitro LD50 test in CHO-k1 cells. A control group received deionized water. the offspring was removed at the 19th day, by caesarean, and a teratology study (segment II) was carried out. the corpora lutea, implants, resorptions, live, and dead fetuses were then counted. Placenta and fetuses were weighted. External and visceral morphology were provided by the fixation of fetuses in Bouin, whereas skeletal analysis was carried out on the diaphanizated ones. the increase in the weights of placenta and fetuses was the only abnormality observed. Since there was no sign of alteration on reproduction parameters at our experimental conditions, we conclude that P. reticulata aqueous extract is safe at 0.5 to 1.0 g/kg and is not considered teratogenic.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Sorocaba, Postgrad Program Pharmaceut Sci, UNISO, BR-18023000 Sorocaba, SP, BrazilFed Univ Pampa, CIPBiotec, UNIPAMPA, BR-97300000 Sao Gabriel, RS, BrazilFed Univ Tocantins, PGCiamb, Postgrad Course Environm Sci, BR-77001090 Tocantins, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilFAPESP: 04/09705-8FAPESP: 07/53883-6FAPESP: 08/52643-4CNPq: 35.0798/2004-4Web of Scienc

Intrahippocampal infusion of crotamine isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus alters plasma and brain biochemical parameters

CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERGS - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SULCrotamine is one of the main constituents of the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus. Here we sought to investigate the inflammatory and toxicological effects induced by the intrahippocampal administration of crotamine isolated from Crotalus whole venom. Adult rats received an intrahippocampal infusion of crotamine or vehicle and were euthanized 24 h or 21 days after infusion. Plasma and brain tissue were collected for biochemical analysis. Complete blood count, creatinine, urea, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), creatine-kinase (CK), creatine kinase-muscle B (CK-MB) and oxidative parameters (assessed by DNA damage and micronucleus frequency in leukocytes, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls in plasma and brain) were quantified. Unpaired and paired t-tests were used for comparisons between saline and crotamine groups, and within groups (24 h vs. 21 days), respectively. After 24 h crotamine infusion promoted an increase of urea, GOT, GPT, CK, and platelets values (p ≤ 0.01), while red blood cells, hematocrit and leukocytes values decreased (p ≤ 0.01). Additionally, 21 days after infusion crotamine group showed increased creatinine, leukocytes, TBARS (plasma and brain), carbonyl (plasma and brain) and micronucleus compared to the saline-group (p ≤ 0.01). Our findings show that crotamine infusion alter hematological parameters and cardiac markers, as well as oxidative parameters, not only in the brain, but also in the blood, indicating a systemic pro-inflammatory and toxicological activity. A further scientific attempt in terms of preserving the beneficial activity over toxicity is required.Crotamine is one of the main constituents of the venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus. Here we sought to investigate the inflammatory and toxicological effects induced by the intrahippocampal administration of crotamine isolated from Crotalus whole venom. Adult rats received an intrahippocampal infusion of crotamine or vehicle and were euthanized 24 h or 21 days after infusion. Plasma and brain tissue were collected for biochemical analysis. Complete blood count, creatinine, urea, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), creatine-kinase (CK), creatine kinase-muscle B (CK-MB) and oxidative parameters (assessed by DNA damage and micronucleus frequency in leukocytes, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls in plasma and brain) were quantified. Unpaired and paired t-tests were used for comparisons between saline and crotamine groups, and within groups (24 h vs. 21 days), respectively. After 24 h crotamine infusion promoted an increase of urea, GOT, GPT, CK, and platelets values (p ≤ 0.01), while red blood cells, hematocrit and leukocytes values decreased (p ≤ 0.01). Additionally, 21 days after infusion crotamine group showed increased creatinine, leukocytes, TBARS (plasma and brain), carbonyl (plasma and brain) and micronucleus compared to the saline-group (p ≤ 0.01). Our findings show that crotamine infusion alter hematological parameters and cardiac markers, as well as oxidative parameters, not only in the brain, but also in the blood, indicating a systemic pro-inflammatory and toxicological activity. A further scientific attempt in terms of preserving the beneficial activity over toxicity is required11111143811449CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERGS - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SULCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERGS - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SULsem informaçãosem informaçã

Effects of a cyanobacterial extract containing-anatoxin-a(s) on the cardiac rhythm of Leurolestes circunvagans

This work presents the effects of an anatoxin-a(s)-containing extract on a cockroach semi-isolated heart preparation and the results supporting the extract s biological activity on acetylcholinesterase (purified from ell). The presence of the toxin in cyanobacterial strains Anabaena spiroides (ITEP-024, ITEP-025 and ITEP-026) isolated from the Tapacurá reservoir in Pernambuco, Brazil, was confirmed by means of liquid chromatography coupled to an ion-trap mass spectrometer. The anticholinesterase activity was assessed biochemically by the Ellman test and was confirmed by measuring the cockroach s heart rate. The concentration of the extract containing the tested anatoxin-a(s) (antx-a(s)) (10, 16 and 100 &#956;g.&#956;L-1) inhibited the eel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by more than 90%. The cockroach cardiac frequency increased by a maximum of about 20% within 29 min after the addition of 2.5x10³ &#956;g of extract containing antxa (s).g-1 bw (n=9, p<0.05). Our results strongly indicate that antx-a(s) is capable of exerting biological effects on cockroach, indicating that more research might be conducted to determine its role in the environment, especially on insects

INTEGRAÇÃO LAVOURA-PECUÁRIA-FLORESTA

O Sistema de Integração entre Lavoura, Pecuária e Floresta (ILPF) busca possibilitar a conciliação de diferentes sistemas de produção em uma mesma área. Essa integração pode ser implantada por meio de cultivo consorciado, em sucessão ou também com rotação, em busca de otimizar o uso da área e promovendo um aumento de produtividade e significativa diversificação. No sistema de integração entre lavoura, pecuária e floresta cada atividade tem ligação entre si. Levando em consideração âmbitos agronômicos a pastagem e a lavoura beneficiam o solo com a matéria orgânica, a ciclagem de nutrientes, a menor perda de umidade, o menor risco de erosão, a descompactação do solo pelas raízes, além da diminuição da incidência de doenças, de pragas e de plantas daninhas por conta da diversificação. Com base nas técnicas silvipastoris, as árvores têm o intuito de servirem como barreiras ao vento, reduzindo assim a perda de umidade no solo, trazendo conforto térmico para o gado, diminuindo a disseminação de esporos fúngicos e servindo também como fonte de madeira. Sob o ponto de vista econômico, a diversificação obtida pela implantação desse sistema fornece uma maior segurança para o produtor, por manter o solo em uso durante todo o ano e gerando mais empregos. O sistema de ILPF tende proporcionar aumento na produção em um mesmo espaço de terra, reduzindo ainda a abertura de novas áreas por meio de desmatamento e/ou queimas. Este sistema produtivo tem baixa emissão líquida de gases causadores de efeito estufa, contribuindo ainda mais para a redução do aquecimento global, um dos fatores que tornam esse sistema sustentável. Assim, o propósito deste trabalho é explanar o sistema ILPF, demonstrando o seu funcionamento, exibindo dados sobre sua implantação, seus resultados, benefícios e problemas. Para a apresentação do trabalho será utilizada uma maquete representando uma área de ILPF e um poster informativo