How does the disinterest of Facebook users affect small companies that invest their time and money in this social network?

In this research, it covered an area little understood in academic studies until now, which was an extra motivation when developing it. The context of the topic covered was to analyse the participation of Facebook in the business world and what are the dimensions in which the loss of interest and interaction by its users is affecting small businesses, for this the exact question to answer was: How does the disinterest of Facebook users affect small companies that decide to invest their time and money in this social network? From this response, the reasons why Facebook ceased to be attractive to the target audience it always pointed out and why it failed to capture the interest of new generations. Moreover, why despite this undeniable decline in reach and interest from part of the audience, small businesses continue to invest in Facebook. Furthermore, is that despite all the cons that were found to answer these questions, it seems that the giant of social networks has a magnet that few companies can resist

Mixed-methods assessment of barriers to physical activity for middle school Latina girls

Meeting physical activity guidelines is associated with positive mental, physical, and social health. However, most adolescent girls do not meet the recommended level of physical activity, with Latina girls even less likely than white girls to do so. Partnership for Girls (PG) sought to improve physical activity (PA) and reduce sedentary behaviors to prevent obesity and obesity-related health disparities among low-income Latina adolescent girls attending Westside San Antonio schools. This study utilizes mixed-methods data—qualitative formative assessments with parents of adolescent girls to gain further insight on the PA needs of Latina girls, and standard quantitative survey assessments to examine barriers and facilitators to PA from the perspective of the Latina girls. Results from the parent focus groups identify safety, cost, and neighborhood structure, such as traffic, as salient barriers to physical activity. In alignment with the focus groups, the feasibility study found that the middle school Latinas’ neighborhood environment was a major barrier to physical activity. Policymakers and planners must address the structural obstacles, such as neighborhood structure and safety concerns, to address physical activity disparities among Latina middle school girls

Juntos y Saludables: Outcomes of a peer led approach to obesity prevention for Head Start

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Juntos y Saludables (Get Healthy Together), a multi-component obesity prevention pilot tailored for Mexican American Head Start children (ages 3-5). For the parent education component, researchers trained seven peer parent educators to deliver health information via afterschool parent education sessions. When parents attended the sessions, they received a take-home bag with a book and family activity to promote physical activity in the home. Method: Parent intercept interviews, focus groups, and questionnaires were collected (average 80% participation rate). Results: Average participation rate at the parent education sessions was 46% and rates varied between 34% (61 parents) and 53% (94 parents). More parents in the intervention school reported that their child ate fruit at least 3 times (83.5% versus 79.17%), ate in front of the television less than three times (70.87% versus 49.38%) during the typical week and more parents reported that their child watched 2 hours or less of television each day (73.79% versus 13.19%), compared to the comparison school. 81% of parents interviewed correctly identified the program name. On average, parents could recall almost 3 (M=2.94, SD=1.92) of the 8 key messages without a prompt and about 6 (M=5.91, SD=1.88) when prompted. Messages recalled the most, without a prompt, included (1) preschoolers need 60 minutes of physical activity each day, and (2) children who get all five servings of fruits and vegetables each day are more likely to get the nutrients they need. In the focus group, parents reported that they enjoyed the peer-led session format and session scheduled time. Conclusion: Results suggest that peer-led approaches can be highly effective with parents, especially when addressing childhood obesity prevention

Lessons Learned from Juntos Y Saludables Peer-Led Parent Education

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of training received by peer educators in the Juntos y Saludables (Get Healthy Together) program. Juntos y Saludables is a multi-component childhood obesity prevention program for Head Start. Method: This study applied the peer led education approach to provide parents with education regarding healthy growth among their children. Seven parents were recruited through teachers, other parents, and the Parent Leadership Institute at a local Head Start center. Faculty and graduate assistants from local universities provided training to the parent educators in both English and Spanish. Training sessions were conducted the week of each new parent education session, with one booster training after spring break (7 training sessions in total). The parent educators were trained to: (1) encourage the Head Start parents to participate in the sessions, (2) explain the health messages, and (3) answer any questions the parents had. A focus group was conducted at the end of the program, with all seven parent educators, to assess their feedback about the training they received. Results: The peer parent educators reported that they became educators to improve children’s health. They were satisfied with the training methods and felt that they learned a lot of information regarding nutrition and physical activity recommendations for their children. They also reported feeling comfortable delivering health information to other parents. Parent educators appreciated that they could work together (e.g., in bilingual pairs) to provide the health education to parents in both English and Spanish. The peer parent education training session attendance was high-71% and greater. Conclusions: Most peer parent educators felt comfortable and confident delivering the material as the program progressed. Earlier training might assist the parent educators to have greater familiarity with content prior to the first session. Educators also created strategies to deal with situations that arose during the sessions (e.g. crowd control, parents requesting extra bags). Future training can include suggested strategies to handle similar situations

Estrategia lúdico-didáctica para fortalecer la escritura en niños de grado segundo de la Institución Educativa Jorge Abel Molina, El Doncello-Caquetá

La presente propuesta tendrá como fin emplear a la lúdica como instrumento que fortalezca el proceso de la lectura, en nueve estudiantes del grado segundo de básica primaria de la Institución Educativa Jorge Abel Molina, sede Sebastián de Belalcázar, Municipio del Doncello, en el departamento del Caquetá. En este grupo de estudiantes en particular, se observan dificultades al momento de realizar actividades que requieran el uso de la escritura; dejando entrever que esta situación puede ser generada por fuera del plantel educativo. Esta propuesta utilizará para su estudio el método cualitativo para resolver los problemas que presentan los estudiantes, centros de la propuesta, con respecto al proceso de lectura. Se hace referencia a las actividades lúdicas que hicieron parte de esta propuesta llamada: Escritura y lúdica, combinación única. La metodología de la propuesta de intervención disciplinar se realizó bajo el paradigma cualitativo, con un enfoque de investigación-acción. En donde se buscaba como fin la participación de los estudiantes en el proceso educativo y, por ende, el fortalecimiento en el proceso de escritura. Las actividades lúdicas son el instrumento necesario para lograr en los estudiantes captar la atención, motivándolos y generando en ellos el interés necesario para involucrarlos directamente en su propio proceso de adquisición de conocimientos; obteniendo al final resultados favorables que se verán reflejados directamente en su evolución y rendimiento académico.The purpose of this proposal will be to use play as an instrument that strengthens the reading process, in nine students of the second grade of elementary school of the Jorge Abel Molina Educational Institution, Sebastián de Belalcázar headquarters, Municipality of Doncello, in the department of Caquetá. In this group of students in particular, difficulties are observed when carrying out activities that require the use of writing; hinting that this situation can be generated outside the educational establishment. This proposal will use for its study the qualitative method to solve the problems presented by the students, centers of the proposal, with respect to the reading process. Reference is made to the playful activities that were part of this proposal called: Writing and playful, unique combination. The methodology of the disciplinary intervention proposal was carried out under the qualitative paradigm, with an action-research approach. Where the aim was sought for the participation of students in the educational process and, therefore, the strengthening of the writing process. Playful activities are the necessary instrument to achieve students' attention, motivating them and generating in them the necessary interest to involve them directly in their own knowledge acquisition process; obtaining in the end favorable results that will be directly reflected in their evolution and academic performance

Engaging Latino Adolescent Girls in Physical Activity Intervention Planning in a Low-income, Urban Environment

Purpose: Latino adolescent girls are less physically active than the general adolescent population, which puts them at increased risk for obesity and chronic disease. The Physical Activity Partnership for Girls (PG) uses a community-based participatory research approach to assess community needs and priorities related to physical activity (PA) behaviors of middle school girls living in low-income, urban sectors of San Antonio, Texas. Input was sought from girls, parents, and youth-serving agencies serving the community to inform the development of an innovative PA intervention utilizing low-cost, mobile technology (texting) and social media that will be delivered through Girl Scout troops. We will describe the results of two strategies used to elicit the perspectives of girls about their PA and technology use: 1) participatory photomapping (PPM), and 2) self-administered survey. Methods: Girl Scouts facilitated the participation of 40 girls (11-14years) in PPM activities to guide girls in assessing their active living experience in the community. PPM integrates traditional photovoice strategy with geographic information systems technology, connecting qualitative data to specific locations on a map. In addition, girls (n=102) completed a self-administered survey to assess access to and use of technology, including mobile phones, computer, television, internet, social networking, and PA. Results: The PPM process took place over 12 weeks and involved multiple photo walks, guided group discussions, and the development of an advocacy presentation for a community retreat. Of the 40 participants enrolled, 10 completed the process. The resulting photomap, presented to community stakeholders, revealed key themes about environmental barriers to PA for girls, including animal control, built environment, and safety concerns. Survey results indicated cell phone ownership and use varied by age: 76% of 14-year-olds owned a cell phone compared to 43% of 11-year-olds; 14-year-olds reported using cell phone 49 hours/week compared to 9 hours/week for 11-year-olds. Cell phone ownership was significantly associated with higher levels of PA (P≤0.05) and personal contentment (P=0.006). Conclusions: Use of cell phones and social networking holds promise as an effective strategy for engaging girls in improving individual PA behaviors. However, interventions should also address environmental concerns girl identified through PPM in order to maximize potential benefit

Resposta fisiológica de Triticum aestivum em sementes tratadas com complexo nutricional / Physiological response of Triticum aestivum in seeds treated with nutritional complex

O complexo nutricional com macros e micros nutrientes vem sendo utilizado no tratamento de sementes. Com a dinâmica de alta tecnologia de sementes nesse processo, torna-se viável tratá-las com esse tipo de produto, já que permite aperfeiçoar o desempenho inicial das plântulas e podendo também reduzir o prejuízo de replantio. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito da aplicação do complexo nutricional via tratamento de sementes com diferentes doses, visando o desempenho fisiológico e enzimático das plântulas de trigo. Os ensaios foram conduzidos no Laboratório Didático de Análise de Sementes e no campo experimental da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). O experimento foi em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com 5 tratamentos e 4 repetições com diferentes doses do produto testado, sendo avaliadas tanto a qualidade fisiológica pelos testes da primeira contagem de germinação, germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de parte aérea e raiz, matéria seca das plântulas, emergência a campo, índice de velocidade de emergência e velocidade de emergência; quanto os padrões enzimáticos de acordo com a intensidade das bandas eletroforética.   Foi observado um incremento no comprimento das raízes nas doses acima de 2 mL kg-1 de sementes do complexo nutricional. Em contra partida, houve uma redução do vigor no teste de EA, foi onde observou-se uma resposta inversamente proporcional com o aumento das doses, prejudicando o desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas normais. As enzimas EST, ACP, GOT, MHD, PO e SOD, foram detectadas com e sem tratamento de complexo de nutrientes, nos quais apresentaram de menor a maior intensidade de bandas em função do tipo enzimático.  

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia.

El presente trabajo se realizó a partir del abordaje de contextos desde los enfoques narrativos, lo cual permitió que las estudiantes del diplomado de profundización “acompañamiento psicosocial en escenarios de violencia” desarrollaran diferentes acciones y propuestas con el objetivo principal de hallar problemáticas, impactos y estrategias psicosociales que logren facilitar la potenciación de recursos de afrontamiento en cada víctima que directa o indirectamente ha sido afectada por el conflicto armado, todo esto con el fin de generar un verdadero cambio social en sus proyectos de vida. Para ello se tomó como referencia relatos de vida de personas que fueron afectadas por estos hechos de violencia, en este caso se eligió la narración del señor Carlos Girón quien fue víctima directa de la crueldad de la guerra. Su historia, recuerdos y dolor fueron significativos para realizar un análisis detallado en cuanto a los impactos psicosociales, subjetividades, empoderamiento, resiliencia, emancipación, memoria, perdón, afrontamiento, entre otras huellas que el conflicto marcó en su vida. En este orden de ideas se realizó un análisis detallado de los relatos de violencia y esperanza, como también se logró construir preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas con el propósito de acercarnos más a la realidad y al respectivo acompañamiento psicosocial en pro de la superación de las condiciones de victimización de los afectados, así mismo se respondió varios ítems y se presentó estrategias de abordaje psicosocial teniendo en cuenta el caso de la comunidad de Cacarica. Lo anterior se efectuó con el fin de que se brinde en casos de la vida real un oportuno acompañamiento psicosocial utilizando estrategias y metodologías acordes que ayuden al fortalecimiento y comprensión de dichos procesos de trasformación, ya que las víctimas presentan una serie de conflictos que invaden su vida personal, familiar y social, por lo tanto, el profesional es el hilo conductor hacia una reconstrucción y transformación de dichas personas teniendo como meta un cambio a nivel mental, es decir desaparecer el horror vivido y con ello abrir la posibilidad de una nueva historia.The present work was carried out by starting narrative approaches contexts, which allowed students of the deepening diplomat course “psychosocial accompaniment in scenarios of violence” to develop different actions and proposals, by taking as the main objective the fact of finding problems, impacts and psychosocial strategies that can facilitate the empowerment of resources in each victim who has been directly or indirectly affected by the armed conflict, all of this in order to generate a true social change in their life projects. To this, the people's life stories who were affected by these acts of violence, were took as references, in this case the story of Mr. Carlos Girón was chosen, who was a direct a victim of the war cruelty . His history, memories and pain were significant to perform a detailed analysis in terms of psychosocial impacts, subjectivities, empowerment, resilience, emancipation, memory, forgiveness, and confrontation, among other traces that the conflict marked in his life. In this order of ideas, a detailed analysis of the stories of violence and hope were carried out, we were also able to managed and built circular, reflexive and strategic questions with the purpose of getting closer to the victim's reality and to his psychosocial accompaniment respective in order to overcome the victimization conditions of those who were been affected, likewise several items were answered and psychosocial strategies were presented by taking into account the case of the "Cacarica" community. This was done in order to provide in real life cases, an appropriate psychosocial accompaniment by using effective strategies and methodologies which help to strengthen and understand these transformational processes , the victims presented a series of conflicts that invade their personal, family and social life, therefore, professionals are the guides of leading them towards a reconstruction and transformation for those people who are taking, as a mental goal, a change, this involves to disappear the horror they lived and with this, being able to open the possibility of creating a new story

Acculturation, Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Physical Activity in Mexican Origin Women

Purpose: Longer time in the United States (US) is associated with increased risk of obesity in Hispanic immigrants, particularly for women. Although previous research has established an association between nutrition and acculturation, little attention has focused on physical activity. In this study, we examine the associations between acculturation on Mexican origin women’s body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and report of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Method: Mexican origin women ≥18 years (n=120) from South Carolina (n=60) and Texas Lower Rio Grande Valley (n=60) completed a survey and anthropometric measures. Participants reported MVPA in hours per week, country of birth, age at migration (\u3c16\u3eyears, 16-25 years, and ≥26 years), and language use. Using these latter two as indicators of acculturation, we evaluated associations between acculturation and BMI, WC, and MVPA. Results: Age standardized means for BMI indicated lowest BMI and waist circumference measures among women either with middle-range English language proficiency or who had immigrated to the US between the ages of 16-25; however, the relationship with BMI was more robust. Age standardized means for MVPA show that women who migrated at younger ages (\u3c16\u3eyears) had the lowest MVPA levels, followed by those migrating as younger adults (16-25 years), then adults (≥26 years). Similarly, women with lowest English proficiency levels had the lowest reported MVPA and those with highest English proficiency had highest reported MVPA. Conclusions: The relationship between acculturation and obesity and MVPA is multifaceted. While the relationship between MVPA and the two indicators of acculturation appear to be linear, the direction of association varied by acculturation indicator. Moreover, the association with acculturation indicators and measures of obesity was not linear. The findings from this study have implications in how researchers interpret the relationship between acculturation, obesity and obesity risk factors

Holoprosencefalia Alobar. Reporte de un caso

The congenital brain disorder called holoprosencephaly is defined by insufficient division of the cerebral hemispheres during early fetal development. This causes the brain to grow incompletely or partially, which can lead to various facial abnormalities, as well as cognitive and neurodevelopmental problems. Holoprosencephaly can range in intensity from mild cases with barely noticeable facial features to severe cases that make life impossible. Case presentation: it was a 28-year-old patient with a direct family history of chromosomopathy, who presented a product with Alobar Holoprosencephaly at 13.1 weeks of gestation, which is why, through mutual informed consent between physicians and family members, they decided to perform abortus modus partus.; Among the findings, a product with a severe defect in the cranial cellar was found. The patient remained for 48 hours and was discharged in good clinical and post-surgical condition. It is concluded that, based on the evidence, prenatal exposure to specific toxins, viral diseases, and genetic abnormalities are risk factors for holoprosencephaly and that, depending on the severity, they can be treated with surgery, occupational therapy, and other medical and social treatments.El trastorno cerebral congénito llamado holoprosencefalia se define por una división insuficiente de los hemisferios cerebrales durante el desarrollo fetal temprano. Esto hace que el cerebro crezca de forma incompleta o parcial, lo que puede provocar diversas anomalías faciales, así como problemas cognitivos y de neurodesarrollo. La holoprosencefalia puede variar en intensidad, desde casos leves con rasgos faciales apenas perceptibles hasta casos graves que imposibilitan la vida. Presentación de caso: se trató de una paciente de 28 años con antecedente familiar directo de cromosomopatía, que presento producto con Holoprosencefalia Alobar a las 13.1 semanas de gestación motivo por el cual mediante consentimiento informado mutuo entre galenos y familiares deciden realizar abortus modus partus; dentro de los hallazgos se encontró producto con defecto severo de la bodega craneal. La paciente permaneció durante 48horas y fue dada el alta en buenas condiciones clínicas y postquirúrgicas. Se concluye que en base a la evidencia la exposición prenatal a toxinas específicas, las enfermedades víricas y las anomalías genéticas son factores de riesgo de holoprosencefalia y que dependiendo de la gravedad pueden ser tratadas con cirugía, terapia ocupacional y otros tratamientos médicos y sociales