Qualification Testing, Evaluation and Test Methods of Gas Generator for IEDs Applications

In this work, the design qualification testing, evaluation and test methods of gas generator using double base (DB) propellant having square flake shape is explained for an improvised explosive devices (IEDs) applications. Various kinds of the gas generators are used to save life of an aeronaut in the fastest way from the disable fighter aircraft. Due to their ruggedised design, compactness, safe transportation, repeatability in performance and quick operation, the gas generator are used. The gas generator is designed and developed keeping functional, mechanical and structural requirements in mind. The gas generators are subjected to the various qualification tests, electrical characterisation followed by closed vessel (CV) firings at hot and cold temperatures. The gas generators after the successful qualification tests are validated through the ground trials i.e. dynamic firing of disruptor during the development phase. The damage caused due to impact of the projectile is assessed in terms of crater as acceptance criteria at stand-off distance of 0.5 m and 1m. The gas generator discussed in this research article is used to disrupt the suspected IEDs by creating a high-speed jet using water-jet disruptor. In conclusion, after successful qualification testing, the gas generator for IEDs application meets all the specifications as per user’s requirements

The study of Microstructure of III-V Polar on Non-Polar Heterostructures By HRXRD

In this article, we report on the detailed high resolution x-ray diffraction data analysis of three GaAs films deposited by metal organic vapour phase epitaxy on Si substrates. In the GaAs/Si films the effect of anti phase domains is seen by the selective broadening of (002) and (006) reflections. Further as the (006) reflection is a very weak reflection, such films cannot be analyzed by conventional Williamson-Hall plots using (002), (004) and (006) reflections. We find that using (111), (333) and (444) reflections it is possible to use the standard Williamson-Hall analysis and extract parameters related to the microstructure of the films. We have also carried out the analysis to determine the tilt and twist between the mosaic blocks after correcting for the effects of the finite lateral coherence length. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/930

The study of Microstructure of III-V Polar on Non-Polar Heterostructures By HRXRD

In this article, we report on the detailed high resolution x-ray diffraction data analysis of three GaAs films deposited by metal organic vapour phase epitaxy on Si substrates. In the GaAs/Si films the effect of anti phase domains is seen by the selective broadening of (002) and (006) reflections. Further as the (006) reflection is a very weak reflection, such films cannot be analyzed by conventional Williamson-Hall plots using (002), (004) and (006) reflections. We find that using (111), (333) and (444) reflections it is possible to use the standard Williamson-Hall analysis and extract parameters related to the microstructure of the films. We have also carried out the analysis to determine the tilt and twist between the mosaic blocks after correcting for the effects of the finite lateral coherence length. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/930

Evaluation of Vertical Coherence Length, Twist and Microstrain of GaAs / Si Epilayers Using Modified Williamson-Hall Analysis

Modified Williamson-Hall (WH) analysis is used to determine the reliable values of the microstructures for Zincblende epilayers grown on non-polar substrates. Systematic high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) experiments are performed for several skew symmetric reflections which enable an accurate measurement of the values of vertical coherence length (VCL) and microstrain of GaAs epilayers grown on Si. Furthermore, a simple method based on the orientation of Burgers vector is proposed for estimating the ratio of tilt and twist. In this method, the twist can be found easily once tilt is known. It is rather quick and the measured values of twist are very similar to those which are otherwise estimated by acquiring numerous HRXRD scans along with tedious fitting procedures. Presence of 60 mixed dislocations is confirmed from the cross sectional high resolution transmission electron microscope images of GaAs / Si samples. Furthermore, the estimated value of VCL is equivalent to the layer thickness measured by the surface profiler. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3598

The Impact of Perceived Expectations and Uncertainty on Firm Investment

This paper analyses the (differential) impact of perceived expectations and uncertainty on investment spending in small and large firms. We analyse two types of investment, viz. aggregate investment and investment in energy-saving technologies, using Dutch firm level data. The results show that expectations and uncertainty about input- and output prices and domestic demand have substantial but different effects on investment spending in firms of different sizes. Furthermore, we find evidence, at least for small firms, that there are important differences between the effects of uncertainty about input and output variable

Author Correction: A chickpea genetic variation map based on the sequencing of 3,366 genomes

In Extended Data Fig. 1 of this Article, the labels ‘Market class’ and ‘Biological status’ were inadvertently swapped. In the corresponding figure legend, “Track 1: Biological status; Track 2: Market class;” should have been “Track 1: Market class; Track 2: Biological status;”. The original Article has been corrected online

ϒ production in p–Pb collisions at √sNN=8.16 TeV

ϒ production in p–Pb interactions is studied at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision √sNN = 8.16 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The measurement is performed reconstructing bottomonium resonances via their dimuon decay channel, in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals 2.03 < ycms < 3.53 and −4.46 < ycms < −2.96, down to zero transverse momentum. In this work, results on the ϒ(1S) production cross section as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum are presented. The corresponding nuclear modification factor shows a suppression of the ϒ(1S) yields with respect to pp collisions, both at forward and backward rapidity. This suppression is stronger in the low transverse momentum region and shows no significant dependence on the centrality of the interactions. Furthermore, the ϒ(2S) nuclear modification factor is evaluated, suggesting a suppression similar to that of the ϒ(1S). A first measurement of the ϒ(3S) has also been performed. Finally, results are compared with previous ALICE measurements in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV and with theoretical calculations.publishedVersio

(Anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions at 1as=13TeV

The study of (anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions has proven to be a powerful tool to investigate the formation mechanism of loosely bound states in high-energy hadronic collisions. In this paper the production of (anti-)deuterons is studied as a function of the charged particle multiplicity in inelastic pp collisions at s=13 TeV using the ALICE experiment. Thanks to the large number of accumulated minimum bias events, it has been possible to measure (anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions up to the same charged particle multiplicity (d Nch/ d \u3b7 3c 26) as measured in p\u2013Pb collisions at similar centre-of-mass energies. Within the uncertainties, the deuteron yield in pp collisions resembles the one in p\u2013Pb interactions, suggesting a common formation mechanism behind the production of light nuclei in hadronic interactions. In this context the measurements are compared with the expectations of coalescence and statistical hadronisation models (SHM)