Validade interna, dimensionalidade e desempenho da escala Body Shape Questionnaire em uma população de estudantes universitários brasileiros

OBJECTIVE: To adapt the Body Shape Questionnaire for use in the Brazilian population; to study the internal validity and the dimensionality of the scale when used in a non- clinical Brazilian population. METHOD: A cross- sectional study was accomplished comprising 164 students in the first 3 years of the School of Medicine conveniently selected at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). The 34- item Body Shape Questionnaire version and a questionnaire to assess demographic and anthropometric information were used. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the Body Shape Questionnaire measured by Cronbach's alpha was 0.97, indicating that the questions of the scale converge to the same construct. The factor analysis of the scale resulted in a four- dimension solution accounting for 66.4% of the total data variability. Regarding the final score of Body Shape Questionnaire, the mean score was 58.7 ± 25.1 for men and 89.7 ± 31.3 for women. DISCUSSION: We found statistically significant gender differences in the means of the Body Shape Questionnaire scores. Women showed higher dissatisfaction than did men as to their appearance as measured by the Body Shape Questionnaire. The adapted version of the scale seems to maintain the characteristics of the original scale.OBJETIVO: Adaptar a escala Body Shape Questionnaire para uso no Brasil; estudar a validade interna e a dimensionalidade da escala quando usada em uma população não clínica brasileira. MÉTODO: Um estudo de corte transversal foi realizado envolvendo uma população selecionada por conveniência de 164 estudantes dos três primeiros anos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Foram usados a versão de 34 itens do Body Shape Questionnaire e um questionário adicional para informação demográfica e antropométrica. RESULTADOS: A consistência interna do Body Shape Questionnaire, medida através do alfa de Cronbach, foi de 0,97, o que indica que as questões da escala convergem para um mesmo construto. A análise fatorial da escala resultou em uma solução de quatro dimensões que responde por 66,4% da variabilidade total dos dados. Em relação aos escores Body Shape Questionnaire, sua média foi de 58,7 ± 25,1 para os homens e 89,7 ± 31,3 para as mulheres. DISCUSSÃO: Encontramos uma diferença estatisticamente significante entre os gêneros na média dos escores do Body Shape Questionnaire. As alterações de imagem corporal, medidas pelo Body Shape Questionnaire, mostram uma grande insatisfação com a aparência em mulheres quando comparadas aos homens. A versão adaptada da escala parece manter as características da escala original.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of PsychiatryUNIFESP, Department of PsychiatrySciEL

A Survey on Computational Propaganda Detection

Propaganda campaigns aim at influencing people's mindset with the purpose of advancing a specific agenda. They exploit the anonymity of the Internet, the micro-profiling ability of social networks, and the ease of automatically creating and managing coordinated networks of accounts, to reach millions of social network users with persuasive messages, specifically targeted to topics each individual user is sensitive to, and ultimately influencing the outcome on a targeted issue. In this survey, we review the state of the art on computational propaganda detection from the perspective of Natural Language Processing and Network Analysis, arguing about the need for combined efforts between these communities. We further discuss current challenges and future research directions.Comment: propaganda detection, disinformation, misinformation, fake news, media bia

The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets

In order to reduce the spread of COVID-19, most countries around the world have decided to temporarily close educational institutions. However, learning has not stopped but is now fully taking place online as schools and universities provide remote schooling. Using existing literature and evidence from recent international data (Eurostat, PISA, ICILS, PIRLS, TALIS), this report attempts to gain a better understanding of how the COVID-19 crisis may affect students’ learning. It looks at the different direct and indirect ways through which the virus and the measures adopted to contain it may impact children’s achievement. ‘Conservative’ estimates for a few selected EU countries consistently indicate that, on average, students will suffer a learning loss. It is also suggested that COVID-19 will not affect students equally, will influence negatively both cognitive and non-cognitive skills acquisition, and may have important long-term consequences in addition to the short-term ones.JRC.B.4-Human Capital and Employmen

Effects of remote monitoring on clinical outcomes and use of healthcare resources in heart failure patients with biventricular defibrillators: results of the MORE-CARE multicentre randomized controlled trial

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of remote monitoring in patients with heart failure implanted with a biventricular defibrillator (CRT-D) with advanced diagnostics. Methods and results: The MORE-CARE trial is an international, prospective, multicentre, randomized controlled trial. Within 8 weeks of de novo implant of a CRT-D, patients were randomized to undergo remote checks alternating with in-office follow-ups (Remote arm) or in-office follow-ups alone (Standard arm). The primary endpoint was a composite of death and cardiovascular (CV) and device-related hospitalization. Use of healthcare resources was also evaluated. A total of 865 eligible patients (mean age 66 \ub1 10 years) were included in the final analysis (437 in the Remote arm and 428 in the Standard arm) and followed for a median of 24 (interquartile range = 15\u201326) months. No significant difference was found in the primary endpoint between the Remote and Standard arms [hazard ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80\u20131.30, P = 0.89] or in the individual components of the primary endpoint (P > 0.05). For the composite endpoint of healthcare resource utilization (i.e. 2-year rates of CV hospitalizations, CV emergency department admissions, and CV in-office follow-ups), a significant 38% reduction was found in the Remote vs. Standard arm (incidence rate ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.58\u20130.66, P < 0.001) mainly driven by a reduction of in-office visits. Conclusions: In heart failure patients implanted with a CRT-D, remote monitoring did not reduce mortality or risk of CV or device-related hospitalization. Use of healthcare resources was significantly reduced as a result of a marked reduction of in-office visits without compromising patient safety. Trial registration: NCT00885677

Quality of seedlings of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf Cultivated in Alternative Substrates According to the Source and Methods of Application of Humic Acids

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of humic acid application methods on an alternative organic substrate in the quality of seedlings of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. The experiment was carried out in a nursery of production of forest seedlings under cover of the dark type with 50% of luminosity retention, located in the municipality of Dianópolis state of Tocantins, in geographical coordinates, 11° 37′ 41″ S of latitude, 46° 49′ 17″ W of longitude, with altitude of 702 meters. The results revealed that the use of the commercial humic acid source applied via foliar promotes a higher quality of seedlings in relation to the alternative source and the absence of application of humic acids

Uso de CPAP para apnéia obstrutiva do sono comparadas ao tratamento conservador / CPAP use for obstructive sleep apnea compared to conservative treatment

Introdução: A apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS) tornou-se um grande problema de saúde pública, por ser um distúrbio do sono, que resulta em ronco e riscos nocivos para a saúde. A baixa adesão ao tratamento conservador tem dado espaço para a criação de novos dispositivos. Objetivo: comparar custos, funcionalidade, durabilidade e eficiência de tecnologias assistivas aliadas ao tratamento conservador da AOS. Método: A pesquisa exploratória e descritiva foi realizada nas bases National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e IEEEXplore. Como descritores e palavras-chaves, com o operador booleano “AND” ou “OR”, foram pesquisados os termos “spleep apnea” and “assistive technology” or “self-help devices” or “devices”. Resultados: A pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas (CPAP) representa o método padrão-ouro, porém, possui baixa aceitabilidade pelos pacientes com AOS devido a limitação da funcionalidade. O aparelho de avanço mandibular (MAA) é  reconhecido como uma opção de terapia de primeira linha para a AOS leve a moderada apresentando variedade em relação à custo, benefício e durabilidade. O  uso de terapia oral com aparelho (OAT) a longo prazo foi associado a alterações dentárias. Conclusão: Constatou-se a variedade de dispositivos para AOS, ressaltando a necessidade de avaliação da realidade do paciente, sendo de suma importância avaliar o custo-benefício, os sintomas e principalmente, prestar orientações assertivas para a melhor escolha dos dispositivos, sendo o dispositivo de avanço mandibular (MAD), o que apresentou melhor adesão. Ressalta-se a necessidade de novos estudos para melhores intervenções, pois protótipos não substituem tratamentos comprovados

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA QUALIDADE DA GESTÃO DAS DROGARIAS DE PEQUENO PORTE, TENDO EM VISTA O ATUAL PANORAMA DO VAREJO FARMACÊUTICO

Com a estabilidade econômica, proporcionada pelo plano real, observou-se o crescimento das filiais de redes de farmácias e drogarias no Brasil. Isto gerou o aumento da concorrência entre estas e as drogarias de pequeno porte, tendo como resultado a dificuldade da permanência destas neste mercado. Assim, torna-se imprescindível, ter uma gestão profissionalizada que viabilize tal permanência. Posto isso, o presente trabalho, que consiste em uma revisão sistemática da literatura, teve como objetivo compreender a importância que a qualidade da gestão de drogarias de pequeno porte tem, frente a disputa mercadológica estabelecida entre estas e as grandes redes de farmácias e drogarias, em face do crescimento vertiginoso destas últimas. Para o alcance disso foram consultadas as bases de dados Google Scholar, Scielo e CAPES, através das palavras chave: gestão, farmácias, drogarias, redes de farmácias e drogarias, drogarias de pequeno porte e gestão farmacêutica, sendo elegidos os trabalhos pertinentes publicados entre 2010 e 2018. Nesse sentido, através da análise, percebeu-se que que apesar dos desafios enfrentados por essas microempresas, para o alcance da qualidade da gestão. Esta é imprescindível por permitir a organização financeira das empresas, possibilitando a manutenção e ampliação destas. Dessa forma, conclui-se que, dada a importância da gestão, é preciso que esta seja realizada de maneira a atingir níveis de qualidade, para permitir assim, um melhor desempenho econômico

Evidence for the associated production of a single top quark and a photon in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}= 13 TeV

The first evidence of events consistent with the production of a single top quark in association with a photon is reported. The analysis is based on proton-proton collisions at s=13  TeV and recorded by the CMS experiment in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9  fb-1. Events are selected by requiring the presence of a muon (μ), a photon (γ), an imbalance in transverse momentum from an undetected neutrino (ν), and at least two jets (j) of which exactly one is identified as associated with the hadronization of a b quark. A multivariate discriminant based on topological and kinematic event properties is employed to separate signal from background processes. An excess above the background-only hypothesis is observed, with a significance of 4.4 standard deviations. A fiducial cross section is measured for isolated photons with transverse momentum greater than 25 GeV in the central region of the detector. The measured product of the cross section and branching fraction is σ(pp→tγj)B(t→μνb)=115±17(stat)±30(syst)  fb, which is consistent with the standard model prediction.Peer Reviewe