Biografia de Maria José Portela: Trajetória formativa e iniciação à docência

The objective of this work is to biography the teacher Maria José Portela with emphasis on her formative trajectory and initiation to teaching. This is a biographical research, theoretically supported by cultural history and methodologically by the oral history of life. It uses as object of study the oralities of Maria José Portela, better known as Mazé. Her narratives were collected and recorded through a free interview and then transcribed and textualized. The results showed that Mazé was a child who went through difficulties when he lost his father at a very early age, he studied at a boarding school, and even with adversities he managed to attend a degree in pedagogy and a postgraduate degree in school management at the State University of Ceará, starting in teaching at the age of fifteen, a profession to which he dedicated himself until retirement.O objetivo desse trabalho é biografar a professora Maria José Portela com ênfase na sua trajetória formativa e iniciação à docência. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo biográfica, amparada teoricamente na história cultural e metodologicamente na história oral de vida.  Utiliza como objeto de estudo as oralidades de Maria José Portela, mais conhecida como Mazé. As narrativas dela foram coletadas e gravadas por meio de entrevista livre e em seguida foram transcritas e textualizadas.  Os resultados apontaram que Mazé foi uma criança que passou por dificuldade quando perdeu o pai ainda muito cedo, estudou em colégio interno, e mesmo com adversidades conseguiu cursar uma graduação em pedagogia e uma pós-graduação em gestão escolar pela Universidade Estadual do Ceará, iniciando no magistério aos quinze anos de idade, profissão a qual se dedicou até a aposentadoria

Maria Lucilda Nunes Barbosa: memórias de sua trajetória formativa e docência

This work has as its central objectives the biography of a retired teacher, with research supported by memory and orality. Investigate aspects of their initial training for teaching and methodological processes in their pedagogical praxis. From the interviews obtained, it is approached about pedagogical training from the perspective of PROJETO LOGOS and about Telensino as a didactic process within a certain time. Maria Lucilda was one of the six daughters of a large family with eleven other siblings in the city of Maranguape-Ce. Due to financial difficulties, she transferred from a private school to a public school, where she finished her studies and then graduated from the LOGOS institution and started her teaching career, having highlighted in Telensino. His trajectory and practice value the impression of subjects in the constitution of local history.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo biografar a professora aposentada Maria Lucilda Nunes Barbosa, doravante, Maria Lucilda. O estudo ancora-se na corrente historiográfica da História Oral e metodologicamente na História Oral, em que apoiou-se na memória e na oralidade da docente. A partir da entrevista obtida, é abordado acerca da formação pedagógica na perspectiva do Projeto Logos e sobre o Telensino enquanto processo formativo dentro de uma determinada época. Maria Lucilda foi uma das seis filhas de uma família numerosa sendo ao todo doze irmãos na cidade de Maranguape-Ce. Por dificuldades financeiras transferiu-se de escola privada para pública, onde terminou seus estudos e depois formou-se pela instituição mediante a metodologia do Projeto Logos e iniciou sua carreira na docência, tendo destaque no Telensino. Sua trajetória e prática são relatadas de forma a valorizar a impressão de sujeitos na constituição da história local

Calculating association indices in captive animals : controlling for enclosure size and shape

Indices of association are used to quantify and evaluate social affiliation among animals living in groups. Association models assume that physical proximity is an indication of social affiliation; however, individuals seen associating might simply be together by chance. This problem is particularly pronounced in studies of captive animals, whose movements are sometimes severely spatially restricted relative to the wild. Few attempts have been made to estimate – and thus control for – chance encounters based on enclosure size and shape. Using geometric probability and Geographic Information Systems, we investigated the likely effect of chance encounters on association indices within dyads (pairs of animals), when different distance criteria for defining associations are used in shapes of a given area. We developed a simple R script, which can be used to provide a robust estimate of the probability of a chance encounter in a square of any area. We used Monte Carlo methods to determine that this provided acceptable estimates of the probability of chance encounters in rectangular shapes and the shapes of six actual zoo enclosures, and we present an example of its use to correct observed indices of association. Applying this correction controls for differences in enclosure size and shape, and allows association indices between dyads housed in different enclosures to be compared

O ensino on-line em período de confinamento: Perspetivas de estudantes-estagiários/as de educação física

This study aims to explore the voices of Physical Education pre-service teachers on online teaching during lockdown. Narratives of 48 Portuguese higher education institutions PETE programmes were analysed. A thematic analysis was conducted based on educational transaction (Garrison et al.), essential elements, the pedagogical characteristics that influence students’ experiences in the use of digital devices (Kearney et al.), and the role of emotions in learning teacher apprenticeship (Zymblas). The curriculum impoverishment, focused only on fitness and knowledge, without personal contact (pre-service teachers and pupils) and touching, compromised pupils and pre-service teachers learning. Technology, when used in engagement, communication and interactions promotion, avoid virtual space to become an “empty place”. Bureaucratic, regulatory and control demands compromise the formative role of assessment. The pupils’ lack of interaction face-to-face in pre-service teachers’ feelings also promote the challenges to increase agency space in their supervisor’s relationship.Explorar as vozes de estudantes estagiários/as de Educação Física acerca do processo de reconfiguração do ensino presencial para o ensino on-line foi o propósito deste estudo. Foram incluídas 48 narrativas de estudantes-estagiários/as de quatro instituições de ensino superior de formação de professores de Educação Física em Portugal. A análise temática teve como conceitos sensibilizadores os elementos essenciais para a transação educativa (Garrison et al.), as caraterísticas pedagógicas que influenciam as experiências dos/as alunos/as no uso de dispositivos digitais (Kearney et al.) e o papel das emoções no aprender a ser professor/a (Zembylas). O empobrecimento do currículo, focado nas áreas da aptidão e dos conhecimentos, aliado à ausência de corpos (dos/as próprios/as estagiários/as e dos/as alunos/as) e de ‘toque’ comprometeu a aprendizagem de alunos/as e estagiários/as. A tecnologia, quando usada para promover o envolvimento, a comunicação e as interações, evitou que o espaço virtual se tornasse num ‘não lugar’. Os imperativos burocráticos, de regulação e controlo, comprometeram a aprendizagem e a função formativa da avaliação. O sentimento dos/as estagiários/as foi de perda por não interagirem presencialmente com os/as seus/suas alunos/as, mas também foi um desafio e um reconquistar de espaço de agenciamento junto aos/às orientadores/as.   Submetido: 15.02.2021 Aceite: 20.05.202

Health authorities’ health risk communication with the public during pandemics: a rapid scoping review

Background Responses from the H1N1 swine flu pandemic and the recent COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic provide an opportunity for insight into the role of health authorities’ ways of communicating health risk information to the public. We aimed to synthesise the existing evidence regarding different modes of communication used by health authorities in health risk communication with the public during a pandemic. Methods We conducted a rapid scoping review. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for publications in English from January 2009 through October 2020, covering both the full H1N1 pandemic and the response phase during the COVID-19 pandemic. The search resulted in 1440 records, of which 48 studies met our eligibility criteria. Results The present review identified studies across a broad interdisciplinary field of health risk communication. The majority focused on the H1N1 pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. A content analysis of the studies identified three categories for modes of communication: i) communication channels, ii) source credibility and iii) how the message is communicated. The identified studies on social media focused mainly on content and engagement, while studies on the effect of the use of social media and self-protective behaviour were lacking. Studies on the modes of communication that take the diversity of receivers in the field into account are lacking. A limited number of studies of health authorities’ use of graphic and audio-visual means were identified, yet these did not consider/evaluate creative communication choices. Conclusion Experimental studies that investigate the effect of health authorities’ videos and messages on social media platforms and self-protective behaviour are needed. More studies are needed across the fields of health risk communication and media studies, including visual communication, web design, video and digital marketing, at a time when online digital communication is central to reaching the public

X-ray calibration of SZ scaling relations with the ACCEPT catalogue of galaxy clusters observed by Chandra

We explore the scaling relation between the flux of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect and the total mass of galaxy clusters using already reduced Chandra X-ray data present in the ACCEPT (Archive of Chandra Cluster Entropy Profile Tables) catalogue. The analysis is conducted over a sample of 226 objects, examining the relatively small scale corresponding to a cluster overdensity equal to 2500 times the critical density of the background universe, at which the total masses have been calculated exploiting the hydrostatic equilibrium hypothesis. Core entropy (K0) is strongly correlated with the central cooling time, and is therefore used to identify cooling-core (CC) objects in our sample. Our results confirm the self-similarity of the scaling relation between the integrated Comptonization parameter (Y) and the cluster mass, for both CC and NCC (non-cooling-core) clusters. The consistency of our calibration with recent ones has been checked, with further support for Y as a good mass proxy. We also investigate the robustness of the constant gas fraction assumption, for fixed overdensity, and of the Yx proxy (Kravstov et al. 2007) considering CC and NCC clusters, again sorted on K0 from our sample. We extend our study to implement a K0-proxy, obtained by combining SZ and X-ray observables, which is proposed to provide a CC indicator for higher redshift objects. Finally, we suggest that an SZ-only CC indicator could benefit from the employment of deprojected Comptonization radial profiles.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted in MNRA

Experimental and computational study of trace element distribution between orthopyroxene and anhydrous silicate melts: substitution mechanisms and the effect of iron

Although orthopyroxene (Opx) is present during a wide range of magmatic differentiation processes in the terrestrial and lunar mantle, its effect on melt trace element contents is not well quantified. We present results of a combined experimental and computational study of trace element partitioning between Opx and anhydrous silicate melts. Experiments were performed in air at atmospheric pressure and temperatures ranging from 1,326 to 1,420°C in the system CaO-MgO-A

Changes in balance and joint position sense during a 12-day high altitude trek: The British Services Dhaulagiri medical research expedition

<div><p>Postural control and joint position sense are essential for safely undertaking leisure and professional activities, particularly at high altitude. We tested whether exposure to a 12-day trek with a gradual ascent to high altitude impairs postural control and joint position sense. This was a repeated measures observational study of 12 military service personnel (28±4 years). Postural control (sway velocity measured by a portable force platform) during standing balance, a Sharpened Romberg Test and knee joint position sense were measured, in England (113m elevation) and at 3 research camps (3619m, 4600m and 5140m) on a 12-day high altitude trek in the Dhaulagiri region of Nepal. Pulse oximetry, and Lake Louise scores were also recorded on the morning and evening of each trek day. Data were compared between altitudes and relationships between pulse oximetry, Lake Louise score, and sway velocity were explored. Total sway velocity during standing balance with eyes open (p = 0.003, d = 1.9) and during Sharpened Romberg test with eyes open (p = 0.007, d = 1.6) was significantly greater at altitudes of 3619m and 5140m when compared with sea level. Anterior-posterior sway velocity during standing balance with eyes open was also significantly greater at altitudes of 3619m and 5140m when compared with sea level (p = 0.001, d = 1.9). Knee joint position sense was not altered at higher altitudes. There were no significant correlations between Lake Louise scores, pulse oximetry and postural sway. Despite a gradual ascent profile, exposure to 3619 m was associated with impairments in postural control without impairment in knee joint position sense. Importantly, these impairments did not worsen at higher altitudes of 4600 m or 5140 m. The present findings should be considered during future trekking expeditions when developing training strategies targeted to manage impairments in postural control that occur with increasing altitude.</p></div