56 research outputs found
Target Performance at the Low Energy Neutron Source
AbstractThe Indiana University Low Energy Neutron Source (LENS) production target was recently upgraded to handle the high power 13 MeV proton pulsed beam. The target, a 2 inch diameter beryllium disk, is 1.2 millimeters thick allowing the 13 MeV protons to pass completely through the target and stop in the cooling water eliminating the buildup of protons inside the beryllium. This change along with upgrading the cooling water system has produced the most reliable target to date for LENS operations. Details about the failure modes will be presented
Compact spherical neutron polarimeter using high-T-c YBCO films
We describe a simple, compact device for spherical neutron polarimetry measurements at small neutron scattering angles. The device consists of a sample chamber with very low (<0.01 G) magnetic field flanked by regions within which the neutron polarization can be manipulated in a controlled manner. This allows any selected initial and final polarization direction of the neutrons to be obtained. We have constructed a prototype device using high-Tc superconducting films and mu-metal to isolate regions with different magnetic fields and tested device performance in transmission geometry. Finite-element methods were used to simulate the device’s field profile and these have been verified by experiment using a small solenoid as a test sample. Measurements are reported using both monochromatic and polychromatic neutron sources. The results show that the device is capable of extracting sample information and distinguishing small angular variations of the sample magnetic field. As a more realistic test, we present results on the characterization of a 10 μm thick Permalloy film in zero magnetic field, as well as its response to an external magnetic field
High-Temperature Hall Effect in Ga(1-x)Mn(x)As
The temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient of a series of
ferromagnetic Ga(1-x)Mn(x)As samples is measured in the temperature range 80K <
T < 500K. We model the Hall coefficient assuming a magnetic susceptibility
given by the Curie-Weiss law, a spontaneous Hall coefficient proportional to
rho_xx^2(T), and including a constant diamagnetic contribution in the
susceptibility. For all low resistivity samples this model provides excellent
fits to the measured data up to T=380K and allows extraction of the hole
concentration (p). The calculated p are compared to alternative methods of
determining hole densities in these materials: pulsed high magnetic field (up
to 55 Tesla) technique at low temperatures (less than the Curie temperature),
and electrochemical capacitance- voltage profiling. We find that the Anomalous
Hall Effect (AHE) contribution to rho_xy is substantial even well above the
Curie temperature. Measurements of the Hall effect in this temperature regime
can be used as a testing ground for theoretical descriptions of transport in
these materials. We find that our data are consistent with recently published
theories of the AHE, but they are inconsistent with theoretical models
previously used to describe the AHE in conventional magnetic materials.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted to Phys.Rev.
Spin echo small angle neutron scattering using a continuously pumped He-3 neutron polarisation analyser
We present a new instrument for spin echo small angle neutron scattering (SESANS) developed at the Low Energy Neutron Source at Indiana University. A description of the various instrument components is given along with the performance of these components. At the heart of the instrument are a series of resistive coils to encode the neutron trajectory into the neutron polarisation. These are shown to work well over a broad range of neutron wavelengths. Neutron polarisation analysis is accomplished using a continuously operating neutron spin filter polarised by Rb spin-exchange optical pumping of 3He. We describe the performance of the analyser along with a study of the 3He polarisation stability and its implications for SESANS measurements. Scattering from silica Stöber particles is investigated and agrees with samples run on similar instruments
Neutronic Design and Measured Performance of the Low Energy Neutron Source (LENS) Target Moderator Reflector Assembly
The Low Energy Neutron Source (LENS) is an accelerator-based pulsed cold
neutron facility under construction at the Indiana University Cyclotron
Facility (IUCF). The idea behind LENS is to produce pulsed cold neutron beams
starting with ~MeV neutrons from (p,n) reactions in Be which are moderated to
meV energies and extracted from a small solid angle for use in neutron
instruments which can operate efficiently with relatively broad (~1 msec)
neutron pulse widths. Although the combination of the features and operating
parameters of this source is unique at present, the neutronic design possesses
several features similar to those envisioned for future neutron facilities such
as long-pulsed spallation sources (LPSS) and very cold neutron (VCN) sources.
We describe the underlying ideas and design details of the
target/moderator/reflector system (TMR) and compare measurements of its
brightness, energy spectrum, and emission time distribution under different
moderator configurations with MCNP simulations. Brightness measurements using
an ambient temperature water moderator agree with MCNP simulations within the
20% accuracy of the measurement. The measured neutron emission time
distribution from a solid methane moderator is in agreement with simulation and
the cold neutron flux is sufficient for neutron scattering studies of
materials. We describe some possible modifications to the existing design which
would increase the cold neutron brightness with negligible effect on the
emission time distribution.Comment: This is a preprint version of an article which has been published in
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 587 (2008) 324-341.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.12.04
Classical Yang-Mills Black hole hair in anti-de Sitter space
The properties of hairy black holes in Einstein–Yang–Mills (EYM) theory are reviewed, focusing on spherically symmetric solutions. In particular, in asymptotically anti-de Sitter space (adS) stable black hole hair is known to exist for frak su(2) EYM. We review recent work in which it is shown that stable hair also exists in frak su(N) EYM for arbitrary N, so that there is no upper limit on how much stable hair a black hole in adS can possess
Ultrathin silicon oxide overlayers enable selective oxygen evolution from acidic and unbuffered pH-neutral seawater
Seawater electrolysis is an attractive approach for producing clean hydrogen fuel in scenarios where freshwater is scarce and renewable electricity is abundant. However, chloride ions (Cl-) in seawater can accelerate electrode corrosion and participate in the undesirable chlorine evolution reaction (CER). This problem is especially acute in acidic conditions that naturally arise at the anode as a result of the desired oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we demonstrate that ultrathin silicon oxide (SiOx) overlayers on model platinum anodes are highly effective at suppressing the CER in the presence of 0.6 M Cl- in both acidic and unbuffered pH-neutral electrolytes by blocking the transport of Cl- to the catalytically active buried interface while allowing the desired oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to occur there. The permeability of Cl- in SiOx overlayers is 3 orders of magnitude less than that of Cl- in a conventional salt-selective membrane used in reverse osmosis desalination. The overlayers also exhibit robust stability over 12 h in chronoamperometry tests at moderate overpotentials. SiOx overlayers demonstrate a promising step toward achieving selective and stable seawater electrolysis without the need to adjust the pH of the electrolyte.Catalysis and Surface Chemistr
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