ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ЗОЛЕДРОНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ И ИНГИБИТОРА RANK-ЛИГАНДА В ПАЛЛИАТИВНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ РАКА ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ С МЕТАСТАЗАМИ В КОСТИ

In the metastatic patterns of the cancer, the tumor foci are located more frequently in the tubular bones and vertebral column, just less frequently in the bones of the pelvis, and even more rarely in those of the shoulder and skull. Bone pain is usually related to the involvement of the periosteum that has an extensive network of nociceptors. Auxiliary exposures that directly affect the intensity of pain syndrome and the strength of bone structures are used in addition to basic therapy options for cancer of the prostate. Among these agents there are bisphosphonates. Once ingested, bisphosphonates are transported by blood to the areas of active bone tissue rearrangement where they are tightly bound to the mineral matrix. Their administration causes a considerable reduction in pain syndrome, a decrease in the frequency of complications of bone metastases, and an increase in time before a first bone complication. Antiresorptive therapy including particularly zoledronic acid (resorba) or denosumab is a necessary treatment option in the above category of patients with bone metastases.В структуре метастатического поражения в целом костные очаги чаще локализуются в трубчатых костях и позвоночнике, чуть реже в костях таза, еще реже плеча и черепа. Боли в костях обычно связаны с вовлечением в процесс надкостницы, которая имеет обширную сеть болевых рецепторов. В дополнение к основным видам терапии рака предстательной железы используют вспомогательные средства воздействия, непосредственно влияющие на интенсивность болевого синдрома и прочность костных структур. К таким средствам относятся, в частности, бисфосфонаты. Попав в организм, бисфосфонаты транспортируются кровью в места активной перестройки костной ткани, где они прочно связываются с минеральным матриксом. Их применение приводит к значительному снижению болевого синдрома и уменьшению частоты развития осложнений костных метастазов, увеличению времени до развития первого костного осложнения. Антирезорбтивная терапия, включающая, в частности, золедроновую кислоту (резорба) или деносумаб, – необходимый вариант лечения больных указанной категории с костными метастазами

Doppler confirmation of TESS planet candidate TOI1408.01: grazing transit and likely eccentric orbit

We report an independent Doppler confirmation of the TESS planet candidate orbiting an F-type main sequence star TOI-1408 located 140 pc away. We present a set of radial velocities obtained with a high-resolution fiber-optic spectrograph FFOREST mounted at the SAO RAS 6-m telescope (BTA-6). Our self-consistent analysis of these Doppler data and TESS photometry suggests a grazing transit such that the planet obscures its host star by only a portion of the visible disc. Because of this degeneracy, the radius of TOI-1408.01 appears ill-determined with lower limit about $\sim$1 R$_{\rm Jup}$, significantly larger than in the current TESS solution. We also derive the planet mass of $1.69\pm0.20$~$M_{\rm Jup}$ and the orbital period $\sim4.425$ days, thus making this object a typical hot Jupiter, but with a significant orbital eccentricity of $0.259\pm0.026$. Our solution may suggest the planet is likely to experience a high tidal eccentricity migration at the stage of intense orbital rounding, or may indicate possible presence of other unseen companions in the system, yet to be detected.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Ephemeris refinement of 21 Hot Jupiter exoplanets with high timing uncertainties

Transit events of extrasolar planets offer a wealth of information for planetary characterization. However, for many known targets, the uncertainty of their predicted transit windows prohibits an accurate scheduling of follow-up observations. In this work, we refine the ephemerides of 21 Hot Jupiter exoplanets with the largest timing uncertainty. We collected 120 professional and amateur transit light curves of the targets of interest, observed with 0.3m to 2.2m telescopes, and analyzed them including the timing information of the planets discovery papers. In the case of WASP-117b, we measured a timing deviation compared to the known ephemeris of about 3.5 hours, for HAT-P-29b and HAT-P-31b the deviation amounted to about 2 hours and more. For all targets, the new ephemeris predicts transit timings with uncertainties of less than 6 minutes in the year 2018 and less than 13 minutes until 2025. Thus, our results allow for an accurate scheduling of follow-up observations in the next decade

Discovery of a young low-mass brown dwarf transiting a fast-rotating F-type star by the Galactic Plane eXoplanet (GPX) survey

We announce the discovery of GPX-1 b, a transiting brown dwarf with a mass of $19.7\pm 1.6$ $M_{\mathrm{Jup}}$ and a radius of $1.47\pm0.10$ $R_{\mathrm{Jup}}$, the first sub-stellar object discovered by the Galactic Plane eXoplanet (GPX) survey. The brown dwarf transits a moderately bright ($V$ = 12.3 mag) fast-rotating F-type star with a projected rotational velocity $v\sin{ i_*}=40\pm10$ km/s. We use the isochrone placement algorithm to characterize the host star, which has effective temperature $7000\pm200$ K, mass $1.68\pm0.10$ $M_{\mathrm{Sun}}$, radius $1.56\pm0.10$ $R_{\mathrm{Sun}}$ and approximate age $0.27_{-0.15}^{+0.09}$ Gyr. GPX-1 b has an orbital period of $\sim$1.75 d, and a transit depth of $0.90\pm0.03$ %. We describe the GPX transit detection observations, subsequent photometric and speckle-interferometric follow-up observations, and SOPHIE spectroscopic measurements, which allowed us to establish the presence of a sub-stellar object around the host star. GPX-1 was observed at 30-min integrations by TESS in Sector 18, but the data is affected by blending with a 3.4 mag brighter star 42 arcsec away. GPX-1 b is one of about two dozen transiting brown dwarfs known to date, with a mass close to the theoretical brown dwarf/gas giant planet mass transition boundary. Since GPX-1 is a moderately bright and fast-rotating star, it can be followed-up by the means of Doppler tomography.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, accepted to MNRAS in May 202

ОПЫТ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ГОРМОНОЗАВИСИМОГО РАКА ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ АНТАГОНИСТОМ ЛГРГ ДЕГАРЕЛИКСОМ

Moscow developmental program results on assessment of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (gonadotrophinreleasing hormone) antagonist degarelix efficacy and tolerance in patients with prostate cancer received drug treatment in specialized outpatient polyclinic institutions of Moscow are provided in the original publication. In total 307 patients were included in the study and assigned in 3 groups: 1st (n=174) – patients with progressing prostate cancer after radical treatment (prostatectomy, radiation therapy); 2d (n=92) – patients with prostate cancer had cardiovascular diseases in history; 3d (n=41) – patients with prostate cancer with early castration refractivity occurred on the background of continuous hormone therapy by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonists. In all groups degarelix was prescribed in standard therapeutic regimen (240 mg/80 mg). Degarelix was effective in all test groups that was manifested by PSA level decrease on the background of one-year drug treatment, high control of testosterone castration level. Treatment by degarelix allowed increasing time before chemotherapy prescription (up to 12 months) in certain group of patients with biochemical progression on the background of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues administration. Degarelix tolerance was good even in patients with clinically significant cardiovascular pathology in history. In 4% of cases significant reactions were observed in the injection site after start dose administration.В оригинальной публикации представлены результаты Московской исследовательской программы по оценке эффективности и переносимости антагониста ЛГРГ дегареликса у больных РПЖ, получавших медикаментозное лечение в профильных амбулаторно-поликлинических учреждениях г. Москвы. Всего в исследование было включено 307 пациентов, которые были распределены на 3 группы: 1-я (n=174) – больные РПЖ с прогрессированием болезни после радикального лечения (простатэктомия, лучевая терапия) без кардиоваскулярной патологии в анамнезе; 2-я (n=92) – пациенты, имеющие РПЖ и сердечно-сосудистые заболевания в анамнезе; 3-я (n=41) – больные РПЖ с ранней кастрационной рефрактерностью, возникшей на фоне непрерывной гормональной терапии агонистами ЛГРГ. Во всех группах дегареликс назначался в стандартном терапевтическом режиме (240 мг/80 мг). Дегареликс был эффективен во всех группах наблюдения, что проявлялось снижением ПСА на фоне годичного приема препарата, высоким контролем кастрационного уровня тестостерона. Терапия дегареликсом позволила увеличить время до назначения химиотерапии (до 12 месяцев) в определенной группе пациентов с биохимическим прогрессированием на фоне приема аналогов ЛГРГ. Переносимость дегареликса была хорошей даже у пациентов с клинически значимой кардиоваскулярной патологией в анамнезе. В 4% случаев наблюдались значимые реакции в месте введения препарата после введения стартовой дозировки

Homogeneously derived transit timings for 17 exoplanets and reassessed TTV trends for WASP-12 and WASP-4

We homogeneously analyse ∼3.2 × 105 photometric measurements for ∼1100 transit lightcurves belonging to 17 exoplanet hosts. The photometric data cover 16 years 2004–2019 and include amateur and professional observations. Old archival lightcurves were reprocessed using up-to-date exoplanetary parameters and empirically debiased limb-darkening models. We also derive self-consistent transit and radial-velocity fits for 13 targets. We confirm the nonlinear TTV trend in the WASP-12 data at a high significance, and with a consistent magnitude. However, Doppler data reveal hints of a radial acceleration about ( − 7.5 ± 2.2) m/s/yr, indicating the presence of unseen distant companions, and suggesting that roughly 10 per cent of the observed TTV was induced via the light-travel (or Roemer) effect. For WASP-4, a similar TTV trend suspected after the recent TESS observations appears controversial and model-dependent. It is not supported by our homogeneus TTV sample, including 10 ground-based EXPANSION lightcurves obtained in 2018 simultaneously with TESS. Even if the TTV trend itself does exist in WASP-4, its magnitude and tidal nature are uncertain. Doppler data cannot entirely rule out the Roemer effect induced by possible distant companions

МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МАРКЕРЫ РАКА МОЧЕВОГО ПУЗЫРЯ: ОТ ЧАСТНОГО К ЦЕЛОМУ

Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urinary tract malignancy. Early diagnosis of BC generally increases the probability of successful treatment in a patient. The paper considers noninvasive diagnosis methods for BC and gives a database of the known molecular markers of this disease.Рак мочевого пузыря (РМП) занимает 2-е место по распространенности среди злокачественных опухолей мочеполовой системы. Ранняя диагностика РМП, как правило, существенно повышает вероятность успешного лечения пациента. В статье рассмотрены методы неинвазивной диагностики РМП и приводится база данных известных молекулярных маркеров этого заболевания

Особенности оказания специализированной хирургической помощи пострадавшим при землетрясении в Непале

There is work analysis of pediatric team (Roshal’s Pediatric Team) while rescuing specialized surgical operation for earthquake-stricken in Nepal 25.04.20015.Materials and methods. Team of Russian doctors of GBUZ NII NDHiT DZ of Moscow rescued specialized medical operation for earthquake-stricken in Nepal from 30.04.2015 to 18.05.2015. The team consisted of 7 doctors: 2 surgeons, 2 traumatologists, 1 neurosurgeon and 2 anesthesiologists. During that period the team performed: 621 patients’ consultation, among which 184 are children. 59 patients needed complex surgical treatment. 32 of them were adults and 27 children. The age of patient was from 3 to 80 years. Open traumas of soft tissues and bones were complicated with purulent infection at all patients. Close traumas were represented by limb injuries and back bone trauma. The most often cases were lower limb injuries - 39 (49,3 %) patients. Among them the most part was with lower leg injuries – 21 (53,8 %). The second place took upper limbs traumas – 13 (19,7 %) with localization in shoulder area – 6 (46,2%).Results. 115 operartions were done for 59 patients, 362 bandages and 235 anaesthetic support were done. 52 surgical d-bridements were performed at purulent-necrotic wounds treatment, and 30,7 % needed repeated surgical d-bridement. For local treatment polypharmaceutical ointments based on polyethyleneglycol were used — 69,4 % and iodiphor solutions — 30,6 %. Wounds were ready for final phase of surgical treatment 10-14 days later after surgical d-bridement of purulent-necrotic places, which appeared due to one-time impact of traumatic agent, and 14-18 day later at crush syndrome. For substitution of wound defects and closing of wound surfaces different reparative and plastic operation were used: local tissues plasty of wound (48,1 %), dosed tissue stretching plasty of wound (29,7 %), fasciocutaneous flap with axial type of blood supply (3,7 %), free split autodermotransplantate plasty of wound (18,5 %). In all cases of patient treatment with open soft tissue and bone injuries a positive result was achieved. Only 2 (3,4 %) patients had some marginal flap necrosis, which was neutralized during next bondages. One patient had humid gangrene and sepsis of lower leg and it was decided to perform amputation at the level of upper third part of lower leg.Conclusions.The use of both methods: active surgical treatment and conveyor belt method of anesthesia providing (on two tables simultaneously) allowed to decrease timelines for recovering and improve treatment quality. Despite some organizational difficulties they could managed with purulent-inflammatory complications, refused from amputations planned by local surgeons and did reparative and plastic operation even in emergency conditions. В статье представлен анализ работы педиатрической бригады (Roshal’s Pediatric Team) в процессе оказания специализированной хирургической помощи пострадавшим от землетрясения в Непале 25.04.2015.Материалы и методы. С 30.04.2015 по 18.05.2015 бригада российских врачей ГБУЗ «НИИ НДХиТ» ДЗМ оказывала специализированную медицинскую помощь пострадавшим в результате землетрясения в Непале. В состав бригады вошли 7 врачей: 2 хирурга, 2 травматолога, 1 нейрохирург и 2 анестезиолога. За время нахождения в зоне бедствия специалисты провели 621 консультацию больных, из которых 184 – это дети. Комплексное хирургическое лечение потребовалось 59 пациентам (32 взрослым и 27 детям), возраст пациентов варьировал от 3 до 80 лет. У всех пострадавших открытые повреждения мягких тканей и костей осложнились присоединением гнойной инфекции. Закрытые травмы были представлены повреждениями конечностей и позвоночника, при этом наиболее часто встречались травмы нижних конечностей – 39 (49,3 %) больных. Среди них большинство составили повреждения голени – 21 (53,8 %), далее следуют верхние конечности – 13 (19,7 %) с преимущественной локализацией в области плеча – 6 (46,2 %).Результаты. Всего бригада произвела 115 оперативных вмешательств 59 пациентам, выполнила 362 перевязки и оказала 235 анестезиологических пособий. В процессе лечения гнойно-некротических ран были проведены 52 хирургические обработки, при этом 30,7 % больных в дальнейшем потребовалась повторная манипуляция. Для местного применения использовали многокомпонентные мази на полиэтиленгликолевой основе (69,4 %) и растворы йодофоров (30,6 %). Спустя 10-14 суток после хирургической обработки гнойно-некротических очагов, появившихся в результате одномоментного воздействия травмирующего агента, и через 14-18 суток при синдроме длительного раздавливания (краш-синдром) раны были готовы к окончательному этапу лечения. Для замещения дефектов и закрытия раневых поверхностей специалисты бригады использовали различные реконструктивные и пластические операции: пластика местными тканями (48,1 %), пластика методом дозированного тканевого растяжения (29,7 %), пластика кожно-фасциальным лоскутом с осевым типом кровоснабжения (3,7 %), пластика свободным расщепленным аутодермальным трансплантатом (18,5 %).Во всех случаях хирургического лечения пациентов с открытыми повреждениями костей и мягких тканей был достигнут удовлетворительный результат. Только у 2 (3,4 %) пациентов врачи отметили незначительные явления краевого некроза лоскута, которые затем успешно были купированы в процессе перевязок. Одному взрослому пациенту с диагнозом «влажная гангрена голени, сепсис» по жизненным показаниям выполнили ампутацию на уровне верхней трети голени.Выводы. Использование активного хирургического лечения и конвейерный метод обеспечения анестезиологического пособия (сразу на двух столах) позволили сократить сроки выздоровления и значительно повысить качество лечения. Несмотря на некоторые организационные трудности бригаде удалось справиться с гнойно-воспалительными осложнениями, отказаться от ранее планируемых местными хирургами ампутаций в пользу менее радикальных вмешательств, а также применить ранние реконструктивные и пластические операции даже в условиях чрезвычайной ситуации.

Discovery of a Young Low-Mass Brown Dwarf Transiting a Fast-Rotating F-Type Star by the Galactic Plane eXoplanet (GPX) Survey

We announce the discovery of GPX-1 b, a transiting brown dwarf with a mass of 19.7 ± 1.6 MJup and a radius of 1.47 ± 0.10 RJup, the first substellar object discovered by the Galactic Plane eXoplanet (GPX) survey. The brown dwarf transits a moderately bright (V = 12.3 mag) fast-rotating F-type star with a projected rotational velocity v sin i∗ = 40 ± 10 km s−1. We use the isochrone placement algorithm to characterize the host star, which has effective temperature 7000 ± 200 K, mass 1.68 ± 0.10 M☉, radius 1.56 ± 0.10 R☉, and approximate age 0.27-0.15+0.09 Gyr. GPX-1 b has an orbital period of -1.75 d and a transit depth of 0.90 ± 0.03 per cent. We describe the GPX transit detection observations, subsequent photometric and speckle-interferometric follow-up observations, and SOPHIE spectroscopic measurements, which allowed us to establish the presence of a substellar object around the host star. GPX-1 was observed at 30-min integrations by TESS in Sector 18, but the data are affected by blending with a 3.4 mag brighter star 42 arcsec away. GPX-1 b is one of about two dozen transiting brown dwarfs known to date, with a mass close to the theoretical brown dwarf/gas giant planet mass transition boundary. Since GPX-1 is a moderately bright and fast-rotating star, it can be followed-up by the means of the Doppler tomography. © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewer for their time and attention. The constructive comments we received helped us to improve the quality of the paper. This research has made use of the Exoplanet Orbit Database, the Exoplanet Data Explorer at exoplanets.org, Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia at exoplanets.eu, and the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research was made possible through the use of the AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey (APASS), funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund and NSF AST-1412587. This research made use of Aladin (Bonnarel et al. 2000). IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This research made use of ASTROPY,3 a community-developed core PYTHON package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013; Price-Whelan et al. 2018). We acknowledge the use of TESScut.MAST data from full frame time series images (FFI) collected by the TESS mission, which are publicly available from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA?s Science Mission directorate. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. PB thanks Bruce Gary, the XO survey, and the KELT survey for furthering his education in exoplanet research. AYB would like to thank Catarina Fernandes and Julien de Wit for helpful discussions about the system. Organization of the EXPANSION project (ES), follow-up campaign of the photometry observations, speckle-interferometry observations with 6-m telescope BTA were supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant 19-72-10023. The work of VK was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, topic no. FEUZ-0836-2020-0038. This work was partly supported by the Ministry of Science and High Education of the Russian Federation (project no. FZZE-2020-0024) and Irkutsk State University (project no. 111-14-306). This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project nos. FEUZ-2020-0030 and 075-15-2020-780). TRAPPIST-North is a project funded by the University of Liege, in collaboration with Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech (Morocco). EJ and MG are F.R.S.-FNRS Senior Research Associates. The research leading to these results has received funding from the ARC grant for Concerted Research Actions financed by the Federation Wallonia-Brussels and from the International Balzan Prize Foundation. TRAPPIST is funded by the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (Fond National de la Recherche Scientifique, FNRS) under the grant FRFC 2.5.594.09.F. EP acknowledges the Europlanet 2024 RI project funded by the European Union?s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (grant agreement no. 871149). AB acknowledge the support from the Program of Development of Lomonosov Moscow State University (Leading Scientific School ’Physics of stars, relativistic objects and galaxies’). OB thanks TÜBİTAK National Observatory for a partial support in using the T100 telescope with the project number 19AT100-1346. ODSD is supported by Portuguese national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) in the form of a work contract (DL 57/2016/CP1364/CT0004), institutional funds UIDB/04434/2020 and UIDP/04434/2020, and scientific projects funds PTDC/FIS-AST/28953/2017 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028953

USE OF ZOLEDRONIC ACID AND A RАNK LIGAND INHIBITOR IN THE PALLIATIVE TREATMENT OF CANCERS OF THE PROSTATE WITH BONE METASTASES

In the metastatic patterns of the cancer, the tumor foci are located more frequently in the tubular bones and vertebral column, just less frequently in the bones of the pelvis, and even more rarely in those of the shoulder and skull. Bone pain is usually related to the involvement of the periosteum that has an extensive network of nociceptors. Auxiliary exposures that directly affect the intensity of pain syndrome and the strength of bone structures are used in addition to basic therapy options for cancer of the prostate. Among these agents there are bisphosphonates. Once ingested, bisphosphonates are transported by blood to the areas of active bone tissue rearrangement where they are tightly bound to the mineral matrix. Their administration causes a considerable reduction in pain syndrome, a decrease in the frequency of complications of bone metastases, and an increase in time before a first bone complication. Antiresorptive therapy including particularly zoledronic acid (resorba) or denosumab is a necessary treatment option in the above category of patients with bone metastases.</p