4,393 research outputs found
The StoreGate: a Data Model for the Atlas Software Architecture
The Atlas collaboration at CERN has adopted the Gaudi software architecture
which belongs to the blackboard family: data objects produced by knowledge
sources (e.g. reconstruction modules) are posted to a common in-memory data
base from where other modules can access them and produce new data objects. The
StoreGate has been designed, based on the Atlas requirements and the experience
of other HENP systems such as Babar, CDF, CLEO, D0 and LHCB, to identify in a
simple and efficient fashion (collections of) data objects based on their type
and/or the modules which posted them to the Transient Data Store (the
blackboard). The developer also has the freedom to use her preferred key class
to uniquely identify a data object according to any other criterion. Besides
this core functionality, the StoreGate provides the developers with a powerful
interface to handle in a coherent fashion persistable references, object
lifetimes, memory management and access control policy for the data objects in
the Store. It also provides a Handle/Proxy mechanism to define and hide the
cache fault mechanism: upon request, a missing Data Object can be transparently
created and added to the Transient Store presumably retrieving it from a
persistent data-base, or even reconstructing it on demand.Comment: Talk from the 2003 Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics
(CHEP03), La Jolla, Ca, USA, March 2003, 4 pages, LaTeX, MOJT00
Quantum phase transition in Bose-Fermi mixtures
We study a quantum Bose-Fermi mixture near a broad Feshbach resonance at zero
temperature. Within a quantum field theoretical model a two-step Gaussian
approximation allows to capture the main features of the quantum phase diagram.
We show that a repulsive boson-boson interaction is necessary for thermodynamic
stability. The quantum phase diagram is mapped in chemical potential and
density space, and both first and second order quantum phase transitions are
found. We discuss typical characteristics of the first order transition, such
as hysteresis or a droplet formation of the condensate which may be searched
for experimentally.Comment: 16 pages, 17 figures; typos corrected, one figure adde
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Y0 WISEP J173835.52+273258.9 and the Y1 WISE J035000.32-565830.2: the Importance of Non-Equilibrium Chemistry
We present new near-infrared spectra, obtained at Gemini Observatory, for two
Y dwarfs: WISE J035000.32-565830.2 (W0350) and WISEP J173835.52+273258.9
(W1738). A FLAMINGOS-2 R=540 spectrum was obtained for W0350, covering 1.0 <
lambda um < 1.7, and a cross-dispersed GNIRS R=2800 spectrum was obtained for
W1738, covering 0.993-1.087 um, 1.191-1.305 um, 1.589-1.631 um, and 1.985-2.175
um, in four orders. We also present revised YJH photometry for W1738, using new
NIRI Y and J imaging, and a re-analysis of the previously published NIRI H band
images. We compare these data, together with previously published data for
late-T and Y dwarfs, to cloud-free models of solar metallicity, calculated both
in chemical equilibrium and with disequilibrium driven by vertical transport.
We find that for the Y dwarfs the non-equilibrium models reproduce the
near-infrared data better than the equilibrium models. The remaining
discrepancies suggest that fine-tuning the CH_4/CO and NH_3/N_2 balance is
needed. Improved trigonometric parallaxes would improve the analysis. Despite
the uncertainties and discrepancies, the models reproduce the observed
near-infrared spectra well. We find that for the Y0, W1738, T_eff = 425 +/- 25
K and log g = 4.0 +/- 0.25, and for the Y1, W0350, T_eff = 350 +/- 25 K and log
g = 4.0 +/- 0.25. W1738 may be metal-rich. Based on evolutionary models, these
temperatures and gravities correspond to a mass range for both Y dwarfs of 3-9
Jupiter masses, with W0350 being a cooler, slightly older, version of W1738;
the age of W0350 is 0.3-3 Gyr, and the age of W1738 is 0.15-1 Gyr.Comment: Accepted on March 30 2016 for publication in Ap
A Comparison of Near-Infrared Photometry and Spectra for Y Dwarfs with a New Generation of Cool Cloudy Models
We present YJHK photometry, or a subset, for the six Y dwarfs discovered in
WISE data by Cushing et al.. The data were obtained using NIRI on the Gemini
North telescope. We also present a far-red spectrum obtained using GMOS-North
for WISEPC J205628.90+145953.3. We compare the data to Morley et al. (2012)
models, which include cloud decks of sulfide and chloride condensates. We find
that the models with these previously neglected clouds can reproduce the energy
distributions of T9 to Y0 dwarfs quite well, other than near 5um where the
models are too bright. This is thought to be because the models do not include
departures from chemical equilibrium caused by vertical mixing, which would
enhance the abundance of CO, decreasing the flux at 5um. Vertical mixing also
decreases the abundance of NH_3, which would otherwise have strong absorption
features at 1.03um and 1.52um that are not seen in the Y0 WISEPC
J205628.90+145953.3. We find that the five Y0 to Y0.5 dwarfs have 300 < T_eff K
< 450, 4.0 < log g < 4.5 and f_sed ~ 3. These temperatures and gravities imply
a mass range of 5 - 15 M_Jupiter and ages around 5 Gyr. We suggest that WISEP
J182831.08+265037.8 is a binary system, as this better explains its luminosity
and color. We find that the data can be made consistent with observed trends,
and generally consistent with the models, if the system is composed of a T_eff
= 325 K and log g ~ 4.0
secondary, corresponding to masses of 10 and 7 M_Jupiter and an age around 2
Gyr. If our deconvolution is correct, then the T_eff = 300 K cloud-free model
fluxes at K and W2 are too faint by 0.5 - 1.0 magnitudes. We will address this
discrepancy in our next generation of models, which will incorporate water
clouds and mixing.Comment: 39 pages, 10 Figures, 8 Tables. Accepted by ApJ. This revision
replaces Figures 9 and 10 with B & W versions, corrects figure captions for
color online only, corrects references. Text is unchanged. Tables 3, 4 and 8
are available at http://www.gemini.edu/staff/sleggett, other model data are
available at http://www.ucolick.org/~cmorley/cmorley/Data.htm
Properties of the T8.5 Dwarf Wolf 940 B
We present 7.5-14.2um low-resolution spectroscopy, obtained with the Spitzer
Infrared Spectrograph, of the T8.5 dwarf Wolf 940 B, which is a companion to an
M4 dwarf with a projected separation of 400 AU. We combine these data with
previously published near-infrared spectroscopy and mid-infrared photometry, to
produce the spectral energy distribution for the very low-temperature T dwarf.
We use atmospheric models to derive the bolometric correction and obtain a
luminosity of log L/Lsun = -6.01 +/- 0.05. Evolutionary models are used with
the luminosity to constrain the values of effective temperature (T_eff) and
surface gravity, and hence mass and age for the T dwarf. We further restrict
the allowed range of T_eff and gravity using age constraints implied by the M
dwarf primary, and refine the physical properties of the T dwarf by comparison
of the observed and modelled spectroscopy and photometry. This comparison
indicates that Wolf 940 B has a metallicity within 0.2 dex of solar, as more
extreme values give poor fits to the data - lower metallicity produces a poor
fit at lambda > 2um while higher metallicity produces a poor fit at lambda <
2um. This is consistent with the independently derived value of [m/H] = +0.24
+/- 0.09 for the primary star, using the Johnson & Apps (2008) M_K:V-K
relationship. We find that the T dwarf atmosphere is undergoing vigorous
mixing, with an eddy diffusion coefficient K_zz of 10^4 to 10^6 cm^2 s^-1. We
derive an effective temperature of 585 K to 625 K, and surface gravity log g =
4.83 to 5.22 (cm s^-2), for an age range of 3 Gyr to 10 Gyr, as implied by the
kinematic and H alpha properties of the M dwarf primary. The lower gravity
corresponds to the lower temperature and younger age for the system, and the
higher value to the higher temperature and older age. The mass of the T dwarf
is 24 M_Jupiter to 45 M_Jupiter for the younger to older age limit.Comment: 24 pages which include 5 Figures and 3 Tables. Accepted for
publication in the Astrophysical Journal July 2 201
Resolved Spectroscopy of the T8.5 and Y0-0.5 Binary WISEPC J121756.91+162640.2AB
We present 0.9 - 2.5 um resolved spectra for the ultracool binary WISEPC
J121756.91+162640.2AB. The system consists of a pair of brown dwarfs that
straddles the currently defined T/Y spectral type boundary. We use synthetic
spectra generated by model atmospheres that include chloride and sulfide clouds
(Morley et al.), the distance to the system (Dupuy & Kraus), and the radius of
each component based on evolutionary models (Saumon & Marley) to determine a
probable range of physical properties for the binary. The effective temperature
of the T8.5 primary is 550 - 600 K, and that of the Y0 - Y0.5 secondary is 450
K. The atmospheres of both components are either free of clouds or have
extremely thin cloud layers. We find that the masses of the primary and
secondary are 30 and 22 M_Jup, respectively, and that the age of the system is
4 - 8 Gyr. This age is consistent with astrometric measurements (Dupuy & Kraus)
that show that the system has kinematics intermediate between those of the thin
and thick disks of the Galaxy. An older age is also consistent with an
indication by the H - K colors that the system is slightly metal-poor.Comment: 21 pages which include 6 Figures and 3 Tables. Accepted on November 8
2013 for publication in Ap
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