Placental Transfusion for Asphyxiated Infants.

The current recommendation for umbilical cord management of non-vigorous infants (limp, pale, and not breathing) who need resuscitation at birth is to immediately clamp the umbilical cord. This recommendation is due in part to insufficient evidence for delayed cord clamping (DCC) or umbilical cord milking (UCM). These methods may provide a neuroprotective mechanism that also facilitates cardiovascular transition for non-vigorous infants at birth

Fascioliasis Control: In Vivo and In Vitro Phytotherapy of Vector Snail to Kill Fasciola Larva

Snail is one of the important components of an aquatic ecosystem, it acts as intermediate host of Fasciola species. Control of snail population below a certain threshold level is one of the important methods in the campaign to reduce the incidence of fascioliasis. Life cycle of the parasite can be interrupted by killing the snail or Fasciola larva redia and cercaria in the snail body. In vivo and in vitro toxicity of the plant products and their active component such as citral, ferulic acid, umbelliferone, azadirachtin, and allicin against larva of Fasciola in infected snail Lymnaea acuminata were tested. Mortality of larvae were observed at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 8 h, of treatment. In in vivo treatment, azadirachtin caused highest mortality in redia and cercaria larva (8 h, LC50 0.11, and 0.05 mg/L) whereas in in vitro condition allicin was highly toxic against redia and cercaria (8 h, LC50 0.01, and 0.009 mg/L). Toxicity of citral was lowest against redia and cercaria larva

The adaptive nature of the bone-periodontal ligament-cementum complex in a ligature-induced periodontitis rat model.

The novel aspect of this study involves illustrating significant adaptation of a functionally loaded bone-PDL-cementum complex in a ligature-induced periodontitis rat model. Following 4, 8, and 15 days of ligation, proinflammatory cytokines (TNF- α and RANKL), a mineral resorption indicator (TRAP), and a cell migration and adhesion molecule for tissue regeneration (fibronectin) within the complex were localized and correlated with changes in PDL-space (functional space). At 4 days of ligation, the functional space of the distal complex was widened compared to controls and was positively correlated with an increased expression of TNF- α. At 8 and 15 days, the number of RANKL(+) cells decreased near the mesial alveolar bone crest (ABC) but increased at the distal ABC. TRAP(+) cells on both sides of the complex significantly increased at 8 days. A gradual change in fibronectin expression from the distal PDL-secondary cementum interfaces through precementum layers was observed when compared to increased and abrupt changes at the mesial PDL-cementum and PDL-bone interfaces in ligated and control groups. Based on our results, we hypothesize that compromised strain fields can be created in a diseased periodontium, which in response to prolonged function can significantly alter the original bone and apical cementum formations

Representation of LGBTQIA in Bollywood Films

India produces more Hindi films than any other country. Film portrayals of society mirror that culture, which in turn shapes social attitudes. Hindi film, also referred to as Bollywood, exhibits strong societal roots. The Delhi High Court authorized homosexual behavior in the last ten years, but the Supreme Court later declared it to be unlawful. These modifications mirror modifications in social views. In this paper, we focus on how homosexuality is portrayed in Hindi films in relation to social attitudes about both male and female homosexuality. In India, cultural and social values and attitudes towards sexuality have historically been positive. However, during the 200 years of British colonial rule, these values and attitudes towards homosexuality and homosexual men and women became extremely negative and even punishable, in line with the prevalent Victorian views on sex and sexual activity. The literature has identified and documented several sexual descriptions and identities. In this essay, we discuss a tiny number of Hindi movies that deal with homosexuality. These representations have generally been unfavorable. We discuss the reasons why this would be the case as well as the effect that these portrayals might have on viewers

Use of Electronic Resources by Law Academics in India

This study investigated e-resources use, storage, the preferred format for reading, and difficulties faced while accessing e-resources. Electronic resources are playing a crucial role all over the world, and they are increasing widely in all age groups of the academic community. The main aim of the law academics\u27 role is to know the effective use of electronic resources. For this study, we adopted a descriptive survey research design that was used to collect feedback from the respondents through the survey and Google form. The study samples are Progressive Education Society\u27s Modern Law College affiliated with Savitribai Phule Pune University. BA LLB students are samples of the study. The study findings reveal that 95.1% of student respondents are aware of e-resources; 75.7% of respondents used college websites for accessing legal electronic resources. The most noticeable is that 95.1% of users prefer reading in Portable Document Format (PDF). Overall, more than 50% of respondents felt e-resources are easy to access, time-saving, and search tools. The findings of this study are helpful to library professionals to subscribe to more e-resources. The research suggests that library professionals have to guide the users to conduct orientation on accessing the e-resources more effectively. Students expected user manuals for accessing some databases and e-resources based on the findings, recommendations were made

A study of visual inspection of cervix under acetic acid and visual inspection of cervix under Lugol's iodine for screening of carcinoma cervix

Background: Carcinoma cervix is the most common cancer among women in developing countries. The objectives of the study were to study the sensitivity and specificity of visual inspection of  the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol's iodine (VILI) for cervical cancer screening. To study the correlation of demographic data like age, socioeconomic status, education residential area, parity, age at marriage in premalignant lesion of  the cervix.Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology  at a Tertiary Medical Care Center over a period of two years. Five hundred fifty women between 20-65 years of age who fulfilled the selection criteria were enrolled in our study. Positive tests for VIA was opaque aceto white lesion on applying 5% acetic acid or detection of definite yellow iodine non uptake areas with Lugol's iodine in the transformation zone or close to touching the squamocolumnar junction. Positive cases were scheduled for cervical biopsy. Ethical approval of the study protocol was obtained from the ethics committee of the institute.Results: On down staging 7.2% (40/550) of cases  had an unhealthy cervix and 0.36% (2/550) with a suspicious cervix. VIA positive in 4.55% (25/550), VILI positive in 2.73% (15/550). Biopsy was taken from positive with VIA and VILI. On histology 2.9% (16) were chronic cervicitis, CIN I had (1), 0.2%, CIN II (2) 0.4%, CIN III (4) 0.7% and squamous cell carcinoma (2) 0.4% VIA sensitivity 72.22%, specificity 97.74%. VILI sensitivity 100%, specificity 98.89%.Conclusions: VIA and VILI are simple, inexpensive, low resources technique. Both have high sensitivity and specificity

Incidental finding of lymphoma after septoplasty.

IntroductionSeptoplasty, or surgical correction of the deviated septum, is an elective, routinely performed rhinologic procedure to address nasal airway obstruction. In many cases, resected septal cartilage and bone fragments are sent for pathologic review, although there is no consensus on this practice. We reported two cases of incidentally diagnosed lymphoma after elective septoplasty and discussed clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.MethodsRetrospective chart review of two patients who underwent septoplasty at a tertiary academic medical center and found to have incidental lymphoma based on histopathology.ResultsTwo patients who underwent septoplasty had an incidental diagnosis of lymphoma on pathologic analysis. One patient was noted to have an S-shaped septal deviation that produced bilateral nasal obstruction. She underwent a difficult septoplasty, in which the mucoperichondrial flap was firmly adherent to the underlying septum and bone. Final pathology demonstrated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. She was treated with chemoradiation and remained free of disease at 59 months. The other patient had a history of nasal trauma, which produced left septal deviation. He underwent an uncomplicated septoplasty, with pathology that demonstrated low-grade B-cell lymphoma. Because there was no evidence of active disease, the decision was made to not treat and to observe the patient clinically.ConclusionsThis is the first reported series of septal lymphoma incidentally diagnosed on routine septoplasty. Although histopathologic review of specimens from routine nasal and sinus surgery is not routinely performed, this report highlighted the importance of this process, on a case-by-case basis, in detecting unexpected malignancies that otherwise were clinically silent

Effect of marine protected areas and macroeconomic environment on meat consumption in SEAFO countries

Abstract: Livestock production and consumption of meat are significant contributors to today’s most serious environmental problems and global warming. This paper investigates the role of marine reserves in shaping meat consumption pattern across member countries of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) for the period 1990 to 2009. Using a panel data including economic factors, life expectancy and environmental awareness, we find that meat consumption is positively associated with the presence of marine protected areas (MPAs). This suggests a possible increase in substitution of meat eating to seafood by SEAFO member countries due to aquatic resources conservation. Marine resource conservation policy is not a complementary strategy for sustainable livestock policy. This points out to some necessary policy improvements and actions to ameliorate the relationship between MPA and the negative environmental impacts of livestock. Furthermore, economic factors appear to have played a significant role in explaining meat consumption growth. Apart from price inflation, the most relevant factors that positively influence meat consumption appear to be GDP, exports and imports of agricultural products, and urbanisation. Beyond economic factors, negative health information associated with meat consumption appear to lead to a reduction in the consumed quantities of meat. There is evidence that meat-eating behaviour is not only related to macroeconomic development but also to environmental awareness

Origins of the coronary arteries and their significance

OBJECTIVE: To describe the normal and variant anatomy of the coronary artery ostia in Indian subjects. INTRODUCTION: Anomalous coronary origins may cause potentially dangerous symptoms, and even sudden death during strenuous activity. A cadaveric study in an unsuspected population provides a basis for understanding the normal variants, which may facilitate determination of the prevalence of anomalies and evaluation of the value of screening for such anomalies. METHODS: One hundred and five heart specimens were dissected. The number of ostia and their positions within the respective sinuses were observed. Vertical and circumferential deviations of the ostia were observed. The heights of the cusps and the ostia from the bottom of the sinus were measured. RESULTS: No openings were present in the pulmonary artery or the non-coronary sinus. The number of openings in the aortic sinuses varied from 2-5 in the present series; multiple ostia were mostly seen in the anterior sinus. The majority of the ostia lay below the sinutubular ridge (89%) and at or above the level of the upper margin of the cusps (84%). Left ostial openings were mainly centrally located (80%), whereas the right coronary ostia were often shifted towards the right posterior aortic sinus (59%). DISCUSSION: The preferential location of the ostia was within the sinus and above the cusps, but below the sinutubular ridge. On occasion, normal variants like multiple ostia, vertical or circumferential shift in the position, and slit-like ostia may create confusion in interpreting the images and pose a difficulty during procedures like angiography, angioplasty, and coronary artery bypass grafting