Hallmark of quantum skipping in energy filtered lensless scanning electron microscopy

We simulate the electronic system of ejected electrons arising when a tip, positioned few 10 amp; 8201;nm away from a surface, is operated in the field emission regime. We find that, by repeated quantum reflections quantum skipping , electrons produced at the nanoscale primary site are able to reach the macroscopic environment surrounding the tip surface region. We observe the hallmark of quantum skipping in an energy filtered experiment that detects the spin of the ejected electron

Analysis of ancestral and functionally relevant CD5 variants in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

OBJECTIVE: CD5 plays a crucial role in autoimmunity and is a well-established genetic risk factor of developing RA. Recently, evidence of positive selection has been provided for the CD5 Pro224-Val471 haplotype in East Asian populations. The aim of the present work was to further analyze the functional relevance of non-synonymous CD5 polymorphisms conforming the ancestral and the newly derived haplotypes (Pro224-Ala471 and Pro224-Val471, respectively) as well as to investigate the potential role of CD5 on the development of SLE and/or SLE nephritis. METHODS: The CD5 SNPs rs2241002 (C/T; Pro224Leu) and rs2229177 (C/T; Ala471Val) were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays in a total of 1,324 controls and 681 SLE patients of Spanish origin. In vitro analysis of CD3-mediated T cell proliferative and cytokine response profiles of healthy volunteers homozygous for the above mentioned CD5 haplotypes were also analyzed. RESULTS: T-cell proliferation and cytokine release were significantly increased showing a bias towards to a Th2 profile after CD3 cross-linking of peripheral mononuclear cells from healthy individuals homozygous for the ancestral Pro224-Ala471 (CC) haplotype, compared to the more recently derived Pro224-Val471 (CT). The same allelic combination was statistically associated with Lupus nephritis. CONCLUSION: The ancestral Ala471 CD5 allele confers lymphocyte hyper-responsiveness to TCR/CD3 cross-linking and is associated with nephritis in SLE patients

Expression of galectin-1 in malignant tumors

Galectin-1 is a 14 kDa lectin expressed ubiquitously in mammalian organism. Since its discovery, the lectin was shown to participate in many cellular processes. Involvement in some of them like induction of apoptosis of activated T cells, mediation of cell adhesion and participation in angiogenesis suggest that galectin-1 could be utilized by malignant tumors. Indeed expression of galectin-1 is upregulated in tumors of different origin. Many examples point to its important role in a process of cancer metastasis. This review summarizes the data available to date on galectin-1 expression in human malignancies

Radius-Independent Plateau Formation on Accelerating Wakefield for Electron-Witness-Bunches and on Decelerating Wakefield for Driver-Bunches in a Plasma

The most impressive experimental results (see [1, 2]) until now in electron accelerating by a wakefield, excited in a plasma, have been achieved using capillary-generated plasma. Plasma-wakefield acceleration provides high accelerating gradients (see [1, 3, 4]), promises compact accelerators of high-brightness and high-energy electron beams. Applications of plasma-wakefield accelerators, in particular, particle colliders (see [5]) and free-electron lasers demand low energy spread beams, their small emittance, high current of accelerated bunches, large transformer ratio and high-efficiency operation. Achievement of these requires plateau formation on both the accelerating field for witness-bunch and the decelerating fields for driver-bunches. As it is known plateau formation is possible by controlled beam loading with careful shaping current profile and beam charge selection. We will demonstrate by numerical simulation by PIC code such optimal beam loading in a linear and blowout electron-driven plasma accelerators. Beams for plasma accelerator are prepared with RF linear accelerator with high beam quality.Problems of acceleration of positron bunches in plasma (see [6]), focusing and stable transport of electron and positron bunches in plasma (see [7]) are important. We will demonstrate by numerical simulation ideal wakefield plasma lens (due to loading effect) for identical focusing of train of homogeneous bunches or Gaussian bunches depending on their lengths, gaps, charges for stable electron or positron beam propagation in a plasma column.References[1] W. P. Leemans, A. J. Gonsalves, H. - S. Mao et al, “Multi-GeV Electron Beams from Capillary-Discharge-Guided Subpetawatt Laser Pulses in the Self-Trapping Regime” Phys. Rev. Lett., v. 113, p. 245002, 2014.[2] A. J. Gonsalves, K. Nakamura, J. Daniels et al, “Petawatt Laser Guiding and Electron Beam Acceleration to 8 GeV in a Laser-Heated Capillary Discharge Waveguide” Phys. Rev. Lett., v. 122, p. 084801, 2019.[3] I. Blumenfeld, C.E. Clayton, F. - J. Decker et al. “Energy doubling of 42 GeV electrons in a metre-scale plasma wakefield accelerator” Nature, Letters, v. 445, p. 741-744, 2007.[4] R. Assmann, E. Gschwendtner, K. Cassou et al, “High-gradient plasma and laser accelerators” CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, v. 1, p. 91, 2022. [5] C. Benedetti, S. S. Bulanov, E. Esarey et al, “Linear collider based on laser-plasma accelerators” arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.08366. 2022. [6] S. Diederichs, C. Benedetti, M. Thévenet, E. Esarey, J. Osterhoff et al, “Self-stabilizing positron acceleration in a plasma column” arXiv preprint arXiv:2206. 2022. 11967. [7] S. Diederichs, C. Benedetti, E. Esarey, M. Thévenet, J. Osterhoff et al, “Stable electron beam propagation in a plasma column” Physics of Plasmas,. v. 29 (4), p. 043101, 202

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANT GROWING INDUSTRY AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ENSURING FOOD SECURITY OF UKRAINE

Plant growing plays exceptionally an important role in Ukraine's food security formation as it provides the population with food products, livestock raising with forage, food, processing and light industry -with raw materials, foreign trade - with export product

Development of the plant growing industry as a prerequisite for ensuring food security of Ukraine

У статті розглянуто динаміку розвитку галузі рослинництва як основи забезечення продовольчої безпеки України. Авторами проаналізовано структуру посівної площі, динаміку урожайності культур, виробництво продукції рослинництва у натуральному та вартісному виразі. Визначено структурні зміни матеріальних витрат на виробництво продукції рослинництва у сільськогосподарських підприємствах. Визначено, що ефективність виробництва продукції рослинництва суттєво коливається по роках, що обумовлено значним зростанням витратної складової порівняно з цінами реалізації

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANT GROWING INDUSTRY AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ENSURING FOOD SECURITY OF UKRAINE

Plant growing plays exceptionally an important role in Ukraine's food security formation as it provides the population with food products, livestock raising with forage, food, processing and light industry -with raw materials, foreign trade - with export product

Development of the plant growing industry as a prerequisite for ensuring food security of Ukraine

У статті розглянуто динаміку розвитку галузі рослинництва як основи забезечення продовольчої безпеки України. Авторами проаналізовано структуру посівної площі, динаміку урожайності культур, виробництво продукції рослинництва у натуральному та вартісному виразі. Визначено структурні зміни матеріальних витрат на виробництво продукції рослинництва у сільськогосподарських підприємствах. Визначено, що ефективність виробництва продукції рослинництва суттєво коливається по роках, що обумовлено значним зростанням витратної складової порівняно з цінами реалізації