29 research outputs found
Arrays of Nano-Electromechanical Biosensors Functionalized by Microcontact Printing
The biofunctionalization of nanoelectromechanical structures is critical for
the development of new classes of biosensors displaying improved performances
and higher-level of integration. We propose a modified microcontact printing
method for the functionalization and passivation of large arrays of
nanocantilevers in a single, self-aligned step. Using fluorescence microscopy
and resonant frequency measurements, we demonstrate (1) the bioactivity and the
anti-fouling property of deposited antibodies and BSA molecules and (2) the
preservation of the nanostructures' mechanical integrity.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure
Adaptive multigrid solutions of thin film flows over topography
The behaviour of thin liquid films whether forced to spread or deposited as a distinct pattern on the surface of a substrate, is of enormous significance to many manufacturing and biological processes. The topic of the present study is the flow of continuous thin liquid films over surfaces containing topographical features. In the electronics sector (displays, printed circuits, micro-devices, sensors etc), for example, the industrial goal is often to minimise free surface deviations from planarity either for aesthetic reasons or to ensure predictable product properties [1]
Clinical and microbiological determinants of severe and fatal outcomes in patients infected with Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum ÎČ-lactamase
Although extended-spectrum ÎČ-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have become a worldwide public health concern, little is known regarding the clinical course of colonized or infected individuals. Our objective was to characterize the determinants of fatal outcomes related to ESBL-producing microorganisms at a large hospital in Paris, France. In 2012â2013, all consecutive patients with clinical samples testing positive for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae at Saint-Antoine Hospital were identified. Patient clinical data were obtained at hospital entry, while information on intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and death were prospectively collected. Risk-factors for fatal 1-year outcomes were assessed using logistic regression. In total, 643/4684 (13%) ESBL-positive samples were observed, corresponding to 516 episodes (n = 206, 40% treated) among 330 patients. Most episodes were nosocomial-related (n = 347/516, 67%) involving Escherichia coli (n = 232/516, 45%) or Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 164/516, 32%). Empirical antibiotic therapy was adequate in 89/206 (43%) infections, while the median length of hospital stay was 30Â days [interquartile range (IQR) = 11â55] and 39/201 (19%) were admitted to the ICU. Overall, 104/241 patients (43%) with available data died within 1 year. In the multivariable analysis, 1-year death was associated with age >80Â years (p = 0.01), concomitant comorbidity (p = 0.001), nosocomial-acquired infection (p = 0.002), and being infected rather than colonized (p < 0.001). In this series of patients with identified samples of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, hospital burden was large and 1-year mortality rates high. Understanding which patients in this setting would benefit from broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy should be further examined
Emerging Severe and Fatal Infections Due to Klebsiella pneumoniae in Two University Hospitals in Franceâż
Severe infections caused by hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae have been reported in Southeast Asian countries over the past several decades. This report shows their emergence in France, with 12 cases observed during a 2-year period in two university hospitals. Two clones (sequence type 86 [ST86] and ST380) of serotype K2 caused five rapidly fatal bacteremia cases, three of which were associated with pneumonia, whereas seven liver abscess cases were caused by K1 strains of ST23