Random Changes of Accommodation Stimuli: An Automated Extension of the Flippers Accommodative Facility Test

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Diagnóstico ecográfico en un caso clínico de quiste paraprostático canino

El artículo describe el diagnóstico ecográfico de un caso clínico de quiste paraprostático en un perro, discutiendo la importancia de la imagen en el diagnóstico de afecciones prostáticas y mostrando imágenes radiológicas y ecográficas.This paper describes the ultrasonographic diagnosis in a case of paraprostatic cyst in a dog. Importance of imaging diagnostic methods in prostatic diseases are discussed. Radiologic and ultrasound images are shown

Guía itinerario formativo tipo (GIFT) "Anestesiología, reanimación y terapéutica del dolor"

Guía del itinerario formativo de los residentes en el servicio de Anestesiología, reanimación y terapéutica del dolor del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de FerrolGuía do itinerario formativo dos residentes no servizo de Anestesioloxía, reanimación e terapéutica da dor do Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferro

An automated and objective cover test to measure heterophoria

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Mental Health Problems and Related Factors in Ecuadorian College Students

Although the mental health problems of college students have been the subject of increasing research, there are no studies about its prevalence in Ecuadorian college students. The aim of this study was to determine the mental health problems and their associated factors in Ecuadorian freshmen university students. A sample of 1092 students (53.7% women; mean age = 18.3 years) were recruited from the Technical Particular University of Loja (Ecuador). Socio-demographic, academic, and clinical characteristics were gathered, as well as information on the participants’ mental health through a number of mental health screens. Prevalence of positive screens was 6.2% for prevalence of major depressive episodes, 0.02% for generalized anxiety disorders, 2.2% for panic disorders, 32.0% for eating disorders, 13.1% for suicidal risk. Mental health problems were significantly associated with sex, area of study, self-esteem, social support, personality and histories of mental health problems. The findings offer a starting point for identifying useful factors to target prevention and intervention strategies aimed at university studentsThis study was funded by grant PY250 from the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (Ecuador)S

A brief problem-solving indicated-prevention intervention for prevention of depression in nonprofessional caregivers

Background: Despite depression being a common problem among nonprofessional caregivers, no studies of prevention of depression targeting this population exist in the literature. The studies of indicated prevention of depression aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a problem-solving intervention in preventing clinical depression in a sample of female caregivers. Method: A controlled randomized trial was conducted among 173 participants (mean age 53.9 years), 89 of whom were randomized to the intervention group and 84 (controls) to usual care. The intervention comprised five weekly 90-minute group sessions. Results: At post-treatment, depression symptoms in the intervention group had remitted significantly more than in the control group, with a large effect size (d = 1.54). The proportion of participants showing clinically significant improvement was significantly larger in the intervention group (80.9% vs. 11.9% among controls), and fewer intervention-group participants had progressed to clinical depression during the study period (4.5% vs. 13.1% among controls). The intervention group also exhibited a significantly greater reduction in emotional distress and caregiver burden than the control group. Conclusions: These findings attest to the short-term efficacy of the interventionUna intervención breve de solución de problemas para la prevención indicada de la depresión en cuidadoras. Antecedentes: a pesar que la depresión es un problema frecuente en los cuidadores no profesionales, en la literatura no hay estudios de prevención indicada de la depresión en esta población. Se evaluó la eficacia de una intervención de solución de problemas para prevenir la depresión clínica en una muestra de cuidadoras. Método: se realizó un ensayo controlado aleatorizado entre 173 participantes (edad promedio 53,9 años), 89 de las cuales fueron asignadas al azar al grupo de intervención y 84 (controles) a atención habitual. La intervención constó de cinco sesiones aplicadas semanalmente en formato grupal de una duración de 90 minutos cada una. Resultados: en el postratamiento, los síntomas depresivos en el grupo de intervención disminuyeron significativamente más que en el grupo control, con un tamaño del efecto d grande de 1,54. La proporción de participantes con mejoría clínicamente significativa fue significativamente mayor en el grupo de intervención (80,9% frente a 11,9% entre los controles); y menos participantes del grupo de intervención progresaron a una depresión clínica durante el período del estudio (4,5% frente a 13,1% entre los controles). El grupo de intervención también tuvo una reducción significativamente mayor en malestar emocional y sobrecarga del cuidador que el grupo control. Conclusiones: estos hallazgos demuestran la eficacia de la intervención a corto plazoThis study was supported by grant 2007/PN017 from the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of Spain. This research was also supported from Ministry of Labour and Welfare (Xunta de Galicia)S

Protocol for a randomized controlled dismantling study of a brief telephonic psychological intervention applied to nonprofessional caregivers with symptoms of depression

Background Although depression is a common problem in caregivers and there are effective cognitive-behavioral interventions for its prevention, the ability of caregivers to attend these treatments is often limited by logistics. Furthermore, the efficacy of the components of these interventions is unknown. The objectives of this study are to (a) evaluate the efficacy of a telephone-administered cognitive-behavioral intervention to prevent depression with all its components (cognitive and behavioral) and only with behavioral activation, and to (b) analyze the mediators of the change in depressive symptoms. Methods/Design A randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to dismantle the components of a cognitive-behavioral intervention. Caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms will be randomly assigned to a cognitive-behavioral intervention, an intervention with only the behavioral activation component, or a usual care control group. Each condition will consist of approximately 60 participants. The two interventions will consist of five sessions lasting 90 min each, applied to groups of about 5 participants at a time via conference call. Trained interviewers, blind to the experimental conditions, will conduct the assessments at the pre-treatment, post-treatment and 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Discussion This study will provide evidence of the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral intervention to prevent depression in caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms administered via conference call, and on the impact of the behavioral activation component on the overall efficacy of the program. If we find favorable results, it would mean that we have developed a program of prevention of depression of higher clinical utility and efficacy than those currently available, which would make it possible for a large number of caregivers to have access to such resourcesThis study was funded by grant 2012-PN162 (PSI2012-37396) from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain. We wish to thank support from Ministry of Labor and Welfare (Xunta de Galicia)S

Stimulus Unpredictability in Time, Magnitude, and Direction on Accommodation

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AOCS Requirements and Practical Limitations for High-Speed Communications on Small Satellites

In recent years, an increasing number of countries have shown a growing interest in developing their indigenous space capacity building through national small satellite programs. These satellites, which were initially focused on educational and training missions, currently are more scientific and operational-oriented. Thus, small satellite missions are being considered not only as educational tools but also as technological demonstrators or, even, mature enough for commercial and scientific missions, which might generate a huge amount of data to be transmitted to the ground segment. Therefore, an increasing demand on channel capacity will be needed for downloading the generated housekeeping and scientific data for missions based on small satellites. This paper analyses the communication subsystem of a real Cubesat. The influence of geometrical parameters is rigorously calculated both in the signal-to-noise ratio and in the capacity to transmit information. Subsequently, which parameters of the radio link can be modified to increase the transmission capacity, including the pointing requirements and its practical implementation, is studied. Finally, and as a future line, the technical feasibility of using optical links on small satellites that might greatly increase the transmission capacity, including the satellite pointing problems that presents, is presented. In conclusion, this paper presents a rigorous calculation in different frequency bands of the signal-to-noise ratio and the pointing accuracy that is needed to achieve the maximum transmission speed from the satellite to the ground station, and therefore the requirements that the Attitude and Orbital Control Systems (AOCS) must have, as well as the limitations of current systems.Interreg Sudoe | Ref. SOE1/P4/E0437Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. ESP2016-79184-RProyecto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo | Ref. TEC2015-65353-RXunta de Galicia | Ref. GRC2015/01

Long-Term Effects of a Cognitive Behavioral Conference Call Intervention on Depression in Non-Professional Caregivers

Recent evidence supports the efficacy of conference call cognitive–behavioral interventions in preventing depression in caregivers at post-intervention, but we do not know whether the results are sustained long term. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of a cognitive–behavioral intervention administered by telephone conference call in preventing depression in caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms, comparing all components of the intervention versus only the behavioral ones. A randomized controlled trial was conducted using a dismantling strategy. At total of 219 caregivers were randomly assigned to a cognitive–behavioral conference call intervention (CBCC; n = 69), a behavioral-activation conference call intervention (BACC; n = 70), or a usual care control group (CG, n = 80). Information was collected on depressive symptoms and depression at pre-intervention and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 36 months post-intervention. At 36 months, there was a reduction in depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) and a lower incidence of major depressive episodes in both the CBCC and BACC groups compared to CG (8.7%, 8.6%, and 33.7%, respectively). The results show that a conference call intervention was effective in the long term to prevent depression in caregivers and that the behavioral-activation component was comparable to the complete cognitive–behavioral protocolThis research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under grant number 2012-PN162S