Intra and interrater reliability of the Minimental State Exmination (MMSE) and Montréal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA test) applied by health personnel in training

Introducción: en el proceso del diagnóstico neuropsicológico, los instrumentos de tamizaje cognitivo, son una herramienta útil en la identificación de cambios mentales del sujeto, en momentos puntuales o a través del tiempo. Su uso se fundamenta en el análisis psicométrico. Objetivo: determinar el acuerdo inter e intra-observador en el MoCA test y el MMSE, aplicado por profesores y estudiantes en procesos de entrenamiento de tamización cognitiva. Materiales y métodos: a los estudiantes y profesores en entrenamiento en la puntuación del MoCA test y el MMSE, se les presentó un video en dos sesiones, con un intervalo de 5 meses, mostrando el desempeño de dos adultos mayores, respondiendo el MoCA test y el MMSE, previo consentimiento informado. Se compararon los puntajes dados en las dos sesiones por los sujetos en entrenamiento, con los de ellos mismos (intra-observador), usando el coeficiente de concordancia y correlación de Lin(rho) y con los del grupo restante (inter-observador) usando el coeficiente de correlación intra-clase (ICC). Resultados: participaron 46 evaluadores. Se encontró alta confiabilidad inter-observador para el MoCA (ICC=0.86), pero baja para el MMSE (ICC=0.24) y baja confiabilidad intra-observador tanto para el MoCA (rho paciente 1=0.012 y rho paciente 2=0.152) como para el MMSE (rho paciente 1=0.008 y rho paciente 2=0.012). Aunque los puntajes difirieron, las clasificaciones diagnósticas realizadas por los evaluadores fueron similares a las del patrón de oro. Conclusión: la correcta aplicación del test, requiere varios entrenamientos, y aunque hubo pocas diferencias entre los puntajes, los errores cuando se está cerca del punto de corte propuesto, aumentan el riesgo de sesgo.Introduction: The instruments for screening cognitive functions, applied to subjects in clinical settings and research, are useful for determining if this person has any trouble in cognition or show changes in the time. The usefulness of these instruments is defined with the evaluation of their psychometrics properties. Objective: This study allows to determine the intra and inter-observer agreement, when the MoCA test and MMSE were applied by a group in training process Materials and methods: The study group who attended two training sessions, with an interval of 5 months, scored the MoCA test and MMSE, from two patients which were filmed responding the tests, previous infor¬med consent signature. We compared how close were the scores of participants among themselves by con¬cordance correlation coefficient of Lin (rho) and with those given from the others by intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: In total, 46 participants were included. Intra-rater reliability was high for MoCA test (ICC = 0.86), but it was poor for MMSE (ICC=0.24). Inter-rater was poor for MoCA test (rho patient 1= 0.012, rho patient 2= 0.152) and MMSE (rho patient 1 = 0.008, rho patient 2 = 0.012). Although the scores between participants and gold standard were different, the diagnoses were similar. Conclusion:The correct scoring of the test, requires several trainings to clinical and research groups, and although they can be found few differences between scores applied by non-expert personnel, if the scores mistakenly given, are close to the cut-of point proposed for each test, the bias increase

Bronchoscopist's perception of the quality of the single-use bronchoscope (Ambu aScope4™) in selected bronchoscopies: a multicenter study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services

Background: The disposable bronchoscope is an excellent alternative to face the problem of SARS-CoV-2 and other cross infections, but the bronchoscopist’s perception of its quality has not been evaluated. Methods: To evaluate the quality of the Ambu-aScope4 disposable bronchoscope, we carried out a cross-sectional study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services. We use a standardized questionnaire completed by the bronchoscopists at the end of each bronchoscopy. The variables were described with absolute and relative frequencies, measures of cen‑ tral tendency and dispersion depending on their nature. The existence of learning curves was evaluated by CUSUM analysis. Results: The most frequent indications in 300 included bronchoscopies was bronchial aspiration in 69.3% and the median duration of these was 9.1 min. The route of entry was nasal in 47.2% and oral in 34.1%. The average score for ease of use, image, and aspiration quality was 80/100. All the planned techniques were performed in 94.9% and the bronchoscopist was satisfed in 96.6% of the bronchoscopies. They highlighted the portability and immediacy of the aScope4TM to start the procedure in 99.3%, the possibility of taking and storing images in 99.3%. The CUSUM analysis showed average scores>70/100 from the frst procedure and from the 9th procedure more than 80% of the scores exceeded the 80/100 score

Bronchoscopist's perception of the quality of the single-use bronchoscope (Ambu aScope4™) in selected bronchoscopies : a multicenter study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services

Background: The disposable bronchoscope is an excellent alternative to face the problem of SARS-CoV-2 and other cross infections, but the bronchoscopist's perception of its quality has not been evaluated. Methods: To evaluate the quality of the Ambu-aScope4 disposable bronchoscope, we carried out a cross-sectional study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services. We use a standardized questionnaire completed by the bronchoscopists at the end of each bronchoscopy. The variables were described with absolute and relative frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion depending on their nature. The existence of learning curves was evaluated by CUSUM analysis. Results: The most frequent indications in 300 included bronchoscopies was bronchial aspiration in 69.3% and the median duration of these was 9.1 min. The route of entry was nasal in 47.2% and oral in 34.1%. The average score for ease of use, image, and aspiration quality was 80/100. All the planned techniques were performed in 94.9% and the bronchoscopist was satisfied in 96.6% of the bronchoscopies. They highlighted the portability and immediacy of the aScope4TM to start the procedure in 99.3%, the possibility of taking and storing images in 99.3%. The CUSUM analysis showed average scores > 70/100 from the first procedure and from the 9th procedure more than 80% of the scores exceeded the 80/100 score. Conclusions: The aScope4™ scored well for ease of use, imaging, and aspiration. We found a learning curve with excellent scores from the 9th procedure. Bronchoscopists highlighted its portability, immediacy of use and the possibility of taking and storing images

Gamificación en Iberoamérica. Experiencias desde la comunicación y la educación

La presente obra capitular es el resultado de las investigaciones sobre las aplicaciones de la gamificación en contextos múltiples, emergentes provenientes de las comunicaciones presentadas en el Simposio 06 del III Congreso Internacional Comunicación y Pensamiento (Sevilla, España), así como de aquellas presentadas por los miembros del Gamelab UPS, del Proyecto I+D+i Coordinado “Competencias mediáticas de la ciudadanía en medios digitales emergentes (smartphones y tablets): Prácticas innovadoras y estrategias educomunicativas en contextos múltiples” (EDU2015-64015-C3-1-R) (MINECO/FEDER), de la “Red de Educación Mediática” del Programa Estatal de Investigación Científica-Técnica de Excelencia, Subprograma Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento (EDU2016-81772-REDT), financiados por el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) y Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España. En este sentido se busca construir, desde una mirada dual desde Europa y América Latina el primer libro iberoamericano de gamificación, avalado por el Gamelab de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), el Proyecto I+D+i EDU2015-64015-C3-1-R, la Red Interuniversitaria Euroamericana de Investigación sobre Competencias Mediáticas para la Ciudadanía (Alfamed), el Laboratorio de Estudios en Comunicación (Ladecom) y el Grupo de Investigación Ágora (PAI-HUM-648) de la Universidad de Huelva (España) y el Grupo de Investigación Estructura, Historia y Contenidos de la Comunicación GREHCCO

Inoculantes microbianos en nutrición de material vegetal en vivero

La ponencia describe el uso de los inoculantes biológicos microbianos, utilizados con fines de nutrición vegetal, manejo integrado de plagas o mejoramiento biológico del suelo, se realiza un análisis de los productos actuales y su aceptación dentro del mercado y como inoculante efectivo para la investigación, se muestra el análisis fisicoquímico del uso de estos en los suelos y la importancia del uso de estas cuya evaluación demostró su incidencia en los arboles hospederos y los efectos de la fertilización química sobre la micorrización de una especie forestal en suelos de pastizales.Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación [CO] Colciencias1203-586-35759Optimización de estrategias de siembra de materiales forestales con el uso de sustratos biotransformados enriquecidos con microorganismos benéficosn

Presencia de estructuras características de hongos de micorriza arbuscular (ma) en hojas en proceso de descomposición. ? Se puede considerar un hecho común en la naturaleza?

IP 1203-13-158-98Incluye anexosPeru) -- [s.l. : s.n.], 2000 -- p. ; 28 cm. -- Hongos de micorriza arbuscular entre y dentro de hojarasca en;ecosistemas naturales y cultivados / Emma L. Rivera -- En:Seminario internacional de ecologia. (2000 sep. 7-9;: Bogotá) -- [s.l. : s.n.], 2000 -- p. ; 28 cm. -- Descomposicion de hojarasca aportada por dos especies de;arboles y su relacion con el Micelio extramatrico de micorrizasarbusculares / Emma Lucia Rivera -- p. 99-106; En: curso de Agroecologia University of Florida, Universidadde Costa Rica (1999) -- [s.l. : s.n.], 1999 --;cultivos de coffea arabica l., en sistemas agricolas diferentes/ L.A. Diaz, E.L. Rivera -- p. 78-79 -- En:;Congreso Nacional de la Ciencia del Suelo (10 : 2000 oct.412853: Medellin) -- [s.l. : s.n.], 2000 -- p. ; 28;PONENCIA(S) EN CONGRESO: Estructuras similares a las de hongosde micorriza arbuscular en hojarasca de;cm -- Hongos de micorriza arbuscular entre hojarasca en procesode descomposicion en ecosistemas naturales y;colloquium (14 : 2001 Jul. 27-Aug. 3 : Hannover, Germany)-- [s.l. : s.n.], 2001 -- p. ; 28 cm. ARTICULO(S);EN REVISTA: Hongos de micorriza arbuscular entre hojarascaenproceso de descomposicion en ecosistemas;naturales y cultivados / Emma Lucia Rivera. -- En: Revistade las ociedadcolombiana de la ciencia del suelo.; vol. 31, no. 2 (diciembre de 2001); p. 244-248. -- Grado demicotrofiadel laurel de cera, util para;recuperacion de suelos erodados en el embalse de Tomine, Colombia / Emma L. Rivera ... [et al.] -- En: Revista;Suelos Ecuatoriales -- vol. 30, no. 2 (dic. 2000); p. 188-193--ISSN 05625351-- Uso de hongos como;biofertilizante / Emma Lucia Rivera -- En: Biomagazin -- Vol.1(1999); p.59-61.;de micorriza arbuscular dentro de hojarasca en descomposicion/Emma LuciaRivera de Bustos -- p. 160-169 --;mineralizacion? / Emma Lucia Rivera, Eduardo Guerrero -- En: Congreso mundial de ciencias del suelo (16 : Aug.;20-26 : Montpellier, France) -- [s.l. : s.n.], 1998 -- p.; 28cm. -- Hyphae and vesicles of arbuscular;mycorrizal fungi inside Musa paradisiaca litter in decomposition'-- en: International plant nutrition;En: Reunion latinoamericana de rhizobiologia y defensa delmedioambiente(20 : 2000 oct. 22-28 : Arequipa,;p. 28 cm. -- Ciclaje directo de nutrientes a traves de endomicorriza : ÑUncomplemento del proceso de;2000 oct. 11-13 : Medellin) -- [s.l. : s.n.], 2000 -- p. ;28cm'-- Hifasy vesiculas similares a la de hongos;cultivados / Emma L. Rivera, Lucia A. Diaz -- p. 88-89 --En:Congreso Nacional de la Ciencia del Suelo (10

Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in leaf litter and roots of shaded coffee plantations under organic and conventional management

Evidence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization of mat litter in various ecosystems plus previous reports of external mycelium of those fungi and mycorrhizal roots in litter from coffee plants and shade trees on coffee plantations suggest that they have a relationship with closed direct nutrient cycling between organic matter and living roots. This relationship was first proposed more than 50 years ago. Mycorrhizal symbiosis in tropical crops is affected by agricultural management practices. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in leaf litter from three shaded Colombian coffee agroecosystems under organic and conventional management. One is managed chemically, one organically, and one with a combined use of organic and chemical inputs. Leaf litter and roots were collected from the three coffee plots at three decomposition stages. Each plot represented a distinct fertilization and tree dominance pattern different from the other two plots. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were found in decomposing leaves. The chemically managed plot showed statistical differences (p<0.05) with respect to the other plots, it had the greatest amounts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal root colonization (48.76–70.51 %), litter colonization (36.2–69.91 %), external mycelium length (28.66–48.33 m g -1 ), and spore number (451.27–681.2 spores in 20 g of dry soil). In contrast, conditions on the combined management coffee plot results in smaller means of the variables evaluated. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal root colonization and nitrogen content of leaf litter varied among the decomposition stages (p<0.05). Litter quality of different tree species may have influenced colonization of plant matter within each plot. We found evidence of typical structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi within and among decomposing leaf litter and roots growing into the mat litter in tropical agroecosystems. This supports the thought that these fungi have a role in carbon and nutrient recycling, which are influenced by agricultural management practices and plant population composition

Dynamic of Phenolic Compounds in <i>Guadua angustifolia</i> Kunth under Chemical, Organic, and Biological Fertilization

Guadua angustifolia produces phenolic compounds, and this production may be influenced by the application of chemical, organic, and biological fertilizers. Currently, the effect of such fertilizers on the synthesis dynamics of this group of metabolites in bamboo is unknown. In this study, the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in the leaves of plants fertilized with diammonium phosphate (DAP) and humus in combination with the biofertilizers Promofort®, Azospirillum brasilense, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Stenotrophomonas sp. were determined using colorimetric techniques across three sampling events (four, five, and seven months after planting). Additionally, an approximation of the bacterial profile of G. angustifolia roots was performed using the DGGE-PCR fingerprint technique. Through repeated measures ANOVA (rmANOVA), it was determined that there is no statistically significant three-way interaction between humus or DAP application, biological fertilizers, and time for either TPC or TFC. However, there were interactions between the sampling event and the application of biological fertilizers for both TPC and TFC, with the latter being promoted by the application of Promofort®. Finally, NMDS analyses and heatmaps with hierarchical clustering showed that the composition and abundance of OTUs in the bacterial profile varied with fertilization type and increased over time

Cartilla Sustratos, Fertilización y Bioinoculación en Viveros

El presente documento es una guía que aclara la biotransformación de los sustratos de suelo a partir de diferentes componentes biodegradables, propone estrategias para la transformación y aprovechamiento de los subproductos del sector forestal se han implementado alternativas como el compostaje o técnicas similares que se basan en la disposición de los residuos en pilas, aplicacionesDepartamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación [CO] Colciencias1203-586-35759Optimización de estrategias de siembra de materiales forestales con el uso de sustratos biotransformados enriquecidos con microorganismos benéficosn

High pulmonary tuberculosis morbidity in the community Pacífico de Villa - Chorrillos during the period from August to November 2020

Introducción: La tuberculosis pulmonar se ha convertido en un problema para la Comunidad Pacífico de Villa-Chorrillos, ya que se ha encontrado un alto número de sintomáticos respiratorios en su centro de salud. El hacinamiento de la población, la falta de flujo de información y las limitaciones geográficas y socioeconómicas han contribuido a un conocimiento insuficiente e inadecuado de dicha enfermedad, por lo cual fue necesario realizar una intervención. Objetivos: Disminuir la morbilidad por tuberculosis en la población adulta de la Comunidad Pacífico de Villa. Metodología: Se empleó la metodología del marco lógico que incluye listado de problemas, priorización de problemas, análisis de involucrados, árbol de problemas, árbol de objetivos, análisis de alternativas, estructura analítica del proyecto y finalmente una matriz de actividades. Actividades: Realización de videos informativos e infografías digitales sobre la enfermedad con ayuda de personal de salud del Centro de Salud Materno Infantil de San Genaro y de expertos especialistas en el tema. Todo el material elaborado fue publicado a través de las redes sociales de la Comunidad Pacifico de Villa. Además, se elaboró una encuesta como fuente de verificación de los indicadores propuestos. Resultados: Resultados satisfactorios en la encuesta posterior a la intervención en comparación a la encuesta previa a la intervención, evidenciando una mejoría en la población intervenida con respecto a temas importantes sobre la tuberculosis.Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis has become a problem for the Pacifico de Villa-Chorrillos Community, as a high number of respiratory symptomatic patients have been found in their health center. The overcrowding of the population, the lack of information flow and the geographic and socioeconomic limitations have contributed to an insufficient and inadequate knowledge of this disease, which is why an intervention was necessary. Objectives: Reduce morbidity due to tuberculosis in the adult population of the Pacífico de Villa community. Methodology: The logical framework methodology was used, which includes a list of problems, prioritization of problems, stakeholder analysis, problem tree, objective tree, analysis of alternatives, analytical structure of the project and finally a matrix of activities. Activities: Creation of informative videos and digital informographies explaining the disease with the help of health professionals from the San Genaro Maternal and Child Health Center and experts specialized in the subject. All the material produced was published through the social media of the Pacifico de Villa Community. In addition, a pre- and post-test was developed as a source of verification of the proposed indicators. Results: Satisfactory results in the post-intervention survey compared to the pre-intervention survey, showing an improvement in the population with respect to important tuberculosis issues.Tesi