Mammals and their activity patterns in a forest area in the Humid Chaco, northern Argentina

The Humid Chaco has a high mammalian biodiversity. As habitats are threatened due to exploitation and environmental degradation, protected areas can act as refuges for wild animals. In 2006, ca 1,100 ha of gallery forest were established as the “Owl Monkey Reserve” within the private cattle ranch “Estancia Guaycoléc”. The mammalian species richness and composition of the reserve was determined using direct observations, camera traps, and indirect evidence. The camera traps also allowed us to determine the activity periods of 20 of the species. Forty-two species were recorded. A fourth of those species (24%) are categorized under some risk of extinction in Argentina. While most species showed usual activity periods, 2 species (Mazama americana and Tayassu pecari) were not as exclusively nocturnal as reported from other sites, possibly due to reduced hunting pressure. The presence of various endangered species highlights the importance of protected private reserves.The Humid Chaco has a high mammalian biodiversity. As habitats are threatened due to exploitation and environmental degradation, protected areas can act as refuges for wild animals. In 2006, ca 1,100 ha of gallery forest were established as the “Owl Monkey Reserve” within the private cattle ranch “Estancia Guaycoléc”. The mammalian species richness and composition of the reserve was determined using direct observations, camera traps, and indirect evidence. The camera traps also allowed us to determine the activity periods of 20 of the species. Forty-two species were recorded. A fourth of those species (24%) are categorized under some risk of extinction in Argentina. While most species showed usual activity periods, 2 species (Mazama americana and Tayassu pecari) were not as exclusively nocturnal as reported from other sites, possibly due to reduced hunting pressure. The presence of various endangered species highlights the importance of protected private reserves

PFEM-based modeling of industrial granular flows

The potential of numerical methods for the solution and optimization of industrial granular flows problems is widely accepted by the industries of this field, the challenge being to promote effectively their industrial practice. In this paper, we attempt to make an exploratory step in this regard by using a numerical model based on continuous mechanics and on the so-called Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM). This goal is achieved by focusing two specific industrial applications in mining industry and pellet manufacturing: silo discharge and calculation of power draw in tumbling mills. Both examples are representative of variations on the granular material mechanical response—varying from a stagnant configuration to a flow condition. The silo discharge is validated using the experimental data, collected on a full-scale flat bottomed cylindrical silo. The simulation is conducted with the aim of characterizing and understanding the correlation between flow patterns and pressures for concentric discharges. In the second example, the potential of PFEM as a numerical tool to track the positions of the particles inside the drum is analyzed. Pressures and wall pressures distribution are also studied. The power draw is also computed and validated against experiments in which the power is plotted in terms of the rotational speed of the drum

Strictly Toral Dynamics

This article deals with nonwandering (e.g. area-preserving) homeomorphisms of the torus $\mathbb{T}^2$ which are homotopic to the identity and strictly toral, in the sense that they exhibit dynamical properties that are not present in homeomorphisms of the annulus or the plane. This includes all homeomorphisms which have a rotation set with nonempty interior. We define two types of points: inessential and essential. The set of inessential points $ine(f)$ is shown to be a disjoint union of periodic topological disks ("elliptic islands"), while the set of essential points $ess(f)$ is an essential continuum, with typically rich dynamics (the "chaotic region"). This generalizes and improves a similar description by J\"ager. The key result is boundedness of these "elliptic islands", which allows, among other things, to obtain sharp (uniform) bounds of the diffusion rates. We also show that the dynamics in $ess(f)$ is as rich as in $\mathbb{T}^2$ from the rotational viewpoint, and we obtain results relating the existence of large invariant topological disks to the abundance of fixed points.Comment: Incorporates suggestions and corrections by the referees. To appear in Inv. Mat

Low-temperature oxidation effects on the morphological and structural properties of hexagonal Zn nanodisks

Ambient-atmosphere oxidation in the temperature range of 90-450 C was performed over Zn films composed by well-faceted hexagonal nanodisks, which were deposited by thermal evaporation. Morphological and structural properties of oxidized Zn nanodisks were studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman scattering measurements. It was found that Zn nanodisks keep its original shape only when they are annealed at 90 or 150 C. Smooth oxidation ocurred only on the rectangular faces of Zn nandodisks heated at 150 C. Thermal oxidation at 250 C favored growth of ZnO nanoneedles over the surface of the Zn nanodisks. Hexagonal-shape of Zn nanodisks was transformed completely into a complex morphology composed by different shaped particles, with further increase in oxidation temperature to 450 C

Thelephora dominicana (Agaricomycetes, Fungi), un nuevo registro para México

Background and Aims: The genus Thelephora belongs to Thelephoraceae, Thelephorales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota, and corresponds to ectomycorrhizal macrofungi, with at least 50 species known around the world. Of these, 28 are found in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. Nevertheless, it is considered they are poorly known in the tropics. Therefore, the objective of this work was to contribute to the knowledge of tropical thelephoraceous fungi present in an area relatively unexplored in Mexico from the mycological point of view, such as the Yucatán state. Methods: Collections were made in a subdeciduous seasonal dry forest in the south of the Yucatán state, in Tekax municipality, during the rainy season of August-December 2017 and June-August 2018. All the material was examined using macromorphological data from fresh specimens, and micromorphologically by basidiomata sections observed with the optical microscope. The specimens are deposited in the herbaria IBUG and UADY. Key results: Thelephora dominicana was only known from Dominican Republic, hence this record increases its distribution range. Moreover, we report its potential association with species of Fabaceae and Polygonaceae families, such as Coccoloba spp. and Gymnopodium floribundum. In Mexico, only nine species were previously reported in Thelephora, T. dominicana being the tenth one and the seventh for the Mexican Neotropical region. From the Yucatán peninsula, T. cervicornis was the only known species of this genus, thus this is the second one from this area. Conclusions: This is the first report of T. dominicana for Mexico and the second time worldwide.Antecedentes y Objetivos: El género Thelephora pertenece a Thelephoraceae, Thelephorales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota y corresponde a hongos ectomicorrizógenos, de los que se conocen al menos 50 especies alrededor del mundo. De ellas, 28 se encuentran en ecosistemas tropicales y subtropicales; no obstante, se considera que han sido escasamente estudiadas en los trópicos. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este trabajo consistió en contribuir al conocimiento de los teleforáceos tropicales presentes en una zona relativamente no explorada desde el punto de vista micológico en México, como lo es el estado de Yucatán. Métodos: La recolecta se realizó en una selva mediana subcaducifolia al sur del estado de Yucatán, en el municipio Tekax, durante la temporada de lluvias de agosto-diciembre 2017 y de junio-agosto 2018. El material revisado se caracterizó macromorfológicamente a partir de ejemplares frescos, y micromorfológicamente mediante la observación al microscopio óptico de los basidiomas. Los ejemplares se encuentran depositados en los herbarios IBUG y UADY. Resultados clave: Thelephora dominicana solo se conocía de República Dominicana, por lo cual este registro amplía su rango de distribución. Se comenta su potencial asociación ecológica con especies de Fabaceae y Polygonaceae, en particular con Coccoloba spp. y Gymnopodium floribundum. Para México, únicamente se habían registrado nueve especies de este género. Thelephora dominicana constituye la décima especie mexicana y la séptima procedente del neotrópico mexicano. Para la península de Yucatán se conocía T. cervicornis, por lo que es la segunda especie en reportarse para la región. Conclusiones: Se reporta por primera vez para la micobiota mexicana a Thelephora dominicana y por segunda ocasión a nivel mundial

Association of a serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) 5-HTTLPR polymorphism with body mass index categories but not type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexicans

The serotonergic system has been hypothesized to contribute to the biological susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and body-mass index (BMI) categories. We investigate a possible association of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (L and S alleles) in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) with the development of T2DM and/or higher BMI by analyzing a sample of 138 individuals diagnosed with T2DM and 172 unrelated controls from the Mexican general population. In the total sample genotypes were distributed according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and S allele frequency was 0.58. There was no statistical association between 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and the development of T2DM in this Mexican population sample (p = 0.12). Nevertheless, logistic regression analysis of the L allele and increased BMI disclosed an association, after adjusting for age, sex and T2DM (p = 0.02, OR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.079-2.808)

Plan de exportación de tequila a España, Colombia, Japón y China para Tequila Derechito

Durante este proyecto se realizó un plan de exportación de tequila a 4 distintos países, Japón, España, China y Colombia. Primeramente se realizó la investigación de mercado de todos los países en donde se indagó en temas como tamaño de mercado, competencia, canales de distribución, precios de venta y por último, protocolos de negociación. Principalmente la metodología que se utilizó fue reuniones diarias en donde todos los miembros del equipo comparaban y discutían sobre lo recabado para así determinar la información importante y como sería presentada. La mayor parte de la información recabada fue extraída de Passport Euromonitor, esta es una herramienta muy valiosa con costo la cual pudimos extraer bastante información de investigaciones de mercado de bebidas espirituosas en cada uno de los países, así como hojas de Excel con información sumamente valiosa sobre valores de productos y canales de distribución. Posteriormente se investigó las regulaciones arancelarias y no arancelarias únicamente de Japón, Colombia y China. La metodología para esta sección fue básicamente la misma, reuniones grupales en donde se discutirá y analizará la información recabada. Tanto para las regulaciones arancelarias y no arancelarias, se decidió visitar al CRT (Consejo Regulador del Tequila) para poder obtener mayor información de los requerimientos arancelarios y no arancelarios en origen como en destino. Principalmente los mercados más viables para la exportación de tequila son Japón y Colombia principalmente, ya que tanto en la investigación de mercado y ventajas en regulaciones arancelarias fueron los países donde se encontraron mayores ventajas e indicadores favorables para poder asignar un lugar a cada uno de ellos.ITESO, A.C

Comportamento de genótipos de feijão caupi "Moita" branco em Passo Fundo, RS.

bitstream/CNPT-2010/40357/1/p-ci18.pd

Comportamento de genótipos de feijão caupi "Moita" branco em Passo Fundo, RS.

bitstream/item/155690/1/Bevilaqua-p-ci18.pd

Substituent and ring effects on enthalpies of formation: 2-methyl- and 2-ethylbenzimidazoles versus benzene-and imidazole-derivatives

The enthalpies of combustion, heat capacities, enthalpies of sublimation and enthalpies of formation of 2-methylbenzimidazole (2MeBIM) and 2-ethylbenzimidazole (2EtBIM) are reported and the results compared with those of benzimidazole itself (BIM). Theoretical estimates of the enthalpies of formation were obtained through the use of atom equivalent schemes. The necessary energies were obtained in single-point calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) on B3LYP/6-31G* optimized geometries. The comparison of experimental and calculated values of benzenes, imidazoles and benzimidazoles bearing H (unsubstituted), methyl and ethyl groups shows remarkable homogeneity. The energetic group contribution transferability is not followed, but either using it or adding an empirical interaction term, it is possible to generate an enormous collection of reasonably accurate data for different substituted heterocycles (pyrazole-derivatives, pyridine-derivatives, etc.) from the large amount of values available for substituted benzenes and those of the parent (pyrazole, pyridine) heterocycles.We acknowledge the financial support of the DGI/MCyT (project nos. BQU-2003-00976, 01251 and 05827). This work has been partially supported by the DGI project no. BQU-2003-00894. A generous allocation of computational time at the CCC of the Universidad Auto´noma de Madrid is also gratefully acknowledged. Thanks are also due to Instituto de Cooperac¸a˜o Cientı´fica e Tecnolo´gica Internacional (ICCTI), Lisbon, Portugal, and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain, for a joint research project ICCTI/CSIC. MLPFA thanks Fundac¸a˜o para a Cieˆncia e Tecnologia (FCT), Lisbon, Portugal, for the award of a postdoctoral fellowship (PRAXIS XXI/BPD/16319/98) and MT thanks MECD/SEEU (AP 2002-0603), Spain, for financial support