Cultes et identités en France au XVIIe siècle : étude des calendriers et des livres liturgiques

Usually, the seventeenth century is considered as a time of romanisation of dioceses liturgy, following the model of Roman works that were reformed at the end of the 16th century by the pope Pie V (Roman breviary is printed in 1568). However, one has to come to the conclusion that each diocese keeps a certain margin especially concerning the conservation of particular uses if they had been in use for two hundred years, as scheduled by the bull Quod a Nobis.This study choses to show the consequences of the Roman reform on the identity and the worship of diocese through the prism of diocesan liturgic calendars and the books that contain them. Foremost, the chosen method consists in entering one hundred and thirty-five calendars, printed between 1570 and 1680 by seventy dioceses, in a data base and questionning them in series.More particularly, the calendars are the object in the early seventeenth century of deep reforms, in their structure as well as in their content. Hence, the Roman calendar and the saints services contained in the Breviary have not been adopted in the same way in all the dioceses of the French relm. It is then possible to build a cartography of the different degrees of adoption of the Roman model and identify spaces. In the same way, every diocese didn't mention as many particular uses as the others, especially in regard to the number of their own saints.Finally, these particular worships can be shared by several dioceses, defining new spaces of devotion to specific saints, on the French scale.Le XVIIe siècle est généralement considéré comme un moment de romanisation des liturgies diocésaines françaises, sur le modèle des ouvrages romains réformés à la fin du XVIe siècle par Pie V (le nouveau Bréviaire romain est imprimé en 1568). Toutefois, force est de constater que chaque diocèse conserve une certaine marge de manœuvre, notamment pour la conservation d’usages particuliers s’ils sont en pratique depuis deux cents ans, ainsi que le prévoit la bulle Quod a Nobis.Ce travail s’intéresse, par le prisme des calendriers liturgiques diocésains et des livres qui les contiennent, aux conséquences de ce mouvement de romanisation sur les cultes et l’identité des diocèses. Pour l’essentiel, la méthode choisie consiste à saisir cent trente-cinq calendriers, imprimés entre 1570 et 1680 par soixante-dix diocèses, sous la forme d’une base de données et à les interroger en série. Plus particulièrement, les calendriers sont l’objet dans les premières années du XVIIe siècle de profondes réformes, tant dans leur structure que dans leur contenu. Ainsi, le calendrier romain et les offices de saints contenus dans le Bréviaire ne sont pas adoptés de la même manière dans l’ensemble des diocèses du royaume de France. Il est alors possible de construire une cartographie des différents degrés d’adoption du modèle romain et d’identifier des espaces. De même, tous les diocèses ne font pas état d’autant d’usages propres les uns que les autres, notamment au regard du nombre de saints.Enfin, ces cultes particuliers peuvent également être partagés entre plusieurs diocèses, dessinant alors de nouveaux espaces de dévotions à certains saints, à l’échelle de la Franc

Single station Monitoring of Volcanoes Using Seismic ambient noise

Seismic ambient noise cross correlation is increasingly used to monitor volcanic activity. However, this method is usually limited to volcanoes equipped with large and dense networks of broadband stations. The single station approach may provide a powerful and reliable alternative to the classical “cross-stations” approach when measuring variation of seismic velocities. We implemented it on the Piton de la Fournaise in Reunion Island, a very active volcano with a remarkable multi-disciplinary continuous monitoring. Over the past decade, this volcano was increasingly studied using the traditional cross-correlation technique and therefore represents a unique laboratory to validate our approach. Our results, tested on stations located up to 3.5 km from the eruptive site, performed as well as the classical approach to detect the volcanic eruption in the 1-2 Hz frequency band. This opens new perspectives to successfully forecast volcanic activity at volcanoes equipped with a single 3-component seismometer

Musique et musiciens d’Église dans le département des HAUTES-PYRÉNÉES autour de 1790

International audienceMUSÉFREM, comme MUSiciens d’Église en FRance à l’Époque Moderne…La plupart des musiciens d’Ancien Régime ont reçu leur formation dans des maîtrises dépendant d’églises cathédrales ou collégiales, qu’ils aient ensuite exercé leur métier au service du culte catholique ou dans un cadre profane. Instance de formation musicale, l’Église est aussi une source d’emploi essentielle pour les musiciens et musiciennes, et ce partout en France, dans les provinces comme à Paris. C’est donc un vaste milieu professionnel que l’on touche à travers l’étude des musiques du culte.L’enquête menée depuis plusieurs années par une petite équipe d’historiens et de musicologues nourrit peu à peu une base de données prosopographiques dédiée aux musiciens et musiciennes actifs dans les églises en 1790. La richesse documentaire de ce moment fournit un ample panorama sur la situation de la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle : effectifs employés dans les diverses églises du royaume, organisation du métier de musicien, déroulement des carrières, pratiques d’itinérance et de sociabilité…Les résultats obtenus sont progressivement publiés en ligne par départements. Pour chacun d'eux, on trouvera les biographies des musiciens exerçant au moins à temps partiel dans des églises (plus de 1 300), mais aussi une présentation synthétique du territoire, accompagnée d’outils complémentaires (liste des établissements cultuels employant des musiciens, classés par diocèse d’Ancien Régime ; carte de localisation ; bibliographie).La base de données Muséfrem est diffusée sur Philidor, portail de ressources numériques du Centre de musique baroque de Versailles. Chaque notice biographique est dotée d’une URL pérenne aisée à citer en référence.Pour consulter la base : http://philidor.cmbv.fr/musefrem/Pour contacter l’équipe : [email protected]

Medium change monitoring using ambient seismic noise and coda wave interferometry: examples from intraplate NE Brazil and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

This thesis presents and discusses the results of ambient seismic noise correlation for two different environments: intraplate and Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The coda wave interferometry method has also been tested for the intraplate data. Ambient noise correlation is a method that allows to retrieve the structural response between two receivers from ambient noise records, as if one of the station was a virtual source. It has been largely used in seismology to image the subsurface and to monitor structural changes associated mostly with volcanic eruptions and large earthquakes. In the intraplate study, we were able to detect localized structural changes related to a small earthquake swarm, which main event is mR 3.7, North-East of Brazil. We also showed that the 1-bit normalization and spectral whitening result on the loss of waveform details and that the phase auto-correlation, which is amplitude unbiased, seems to be more sensitive and robust for our analysis of a small earthquake swarm. The analysis of 6 months of data using cross-correlations detect clear medium changes soon after the main event while the auto-correlations detect changes essentially after 1 month. It could be explained by fluid pressure redistribution which can be initiated by hydromechanical changes and opened path ways to shallower depth levels due to later occurring earthquakes. In the Mid-Atlantic Ridge study, we investigate structural changes associated with a mb 4.9 earthquake in the region of the Saint Paul transform fault. The data have been recorded by a single broadband seismic station located at less than 200 km from the Mid-Atlantic ridge. The results of the phase auto-correlation for a 5-month period, show a strong co-seismic medium change followed by a relatively fast post-seismic recovery. This medium change is likely related to the damages caused by the earthquake’s ground shaking. The healing process (filling of the new cracks) that lasted 60 days can be decomposed in two phases, a fast recovery (70% in ~30 days) in the early post-seismic stage and a relatively slow recovery later (30% in ~30 days). In the coda wave interferometry study, we monitor temporal changes of the subsurface caused by the small intraplate earthquake swarm mentioned previously. The method was first validated with synthetics data. We were able to detect a change of 2.5% in the source position and a 15% decrease of the scatterers’ amount. Then, from the real data, we observed a rapid decorrelation of the seismic coda after the mR 3.7 seismic event. This indicates a rapid change of the subsurface in the fault’s region induced by the earthquake.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Nesta tese são apresentados e discutidos os resultados de correlação do ruído sísmico em dois contextos: região intraplaca e Dorsal Meso-oceânica. O método de interferometria de cauda de onda (coda wave interferometry—CWI) também foi utilizado para os dados da região intraplaca. A correlação do ruído permite recuperar a função de Green empírica entre dois receptores , como se uma das estações atuasse como uma fonte (virtual). Esta técnica éamplamente utilizado em sismologia para a imagem do subsolo e para monitorar mudanças estruturais associadas principalmente com erupções vulcânicas e terremotos grandes (mb > 6.0). No estudo da região intraplaca, fomos capazes de detectar mudanças estruturais localizadas relacionadas com esta pequena sequência de terremotos, cujo evento principal é de mR 3.7, no Nordeste do Brasil. Nós também mostramos que a normalização de 1-bit de e o branqueamento spectral provoca perdas de detalhes na forma de onda e que a auto- correlação de fase, que é pouco sensível à amplitude , parece ser mais sensível e robusta para a nossa análise. A análise de 6 meses de dados usando correlações cruzadas detecta claramente alterações do meio logo após do evento principal, enquanto que as auto- correlações essencialmente detectam alterações após 1 mês. Estas mudanças na correlação cruzada e na auto-correlação podem serexplicadas pela redistribuição da pressão do fluido ocasionadas mudanças hidromecânicas e novos caminhos preferenciais para difusão de pressão e fuidos , devido a terramotos que ocorrem mais tarde. No estudo da Dorsal Meso-oceânica, investigamos as mudanças estruturais associadas a um terremoto de mb 4,9 aolongo da falha transformante de São Paulo. Os dados foram registrados por a única estação sísmica localizada a menos de 200 km da Dorsal Meso-oceânica. Os resultados da auto-correlação de fase por um período de 5 meses, mostram uma forte mudança de meio co-sísmica seguido por uma recuperação pós-sísmica relativamente rápida. Esta mudança do meio provavelmente está relacionada aos danos causados pelo terremoto de mb 4.9. O processo de cicatrização (enchimento das novas fissuras) que durou 60 dias pode ser decomposto em duas fases, uma recuperação rápida na fase pós-sísmica (de 70% em ~ 30 dias) precoce e uma recuperação relativamente lenta depois (de 30% em ~ 30 dias) No estudo de interferometria de cauda de onda, monitoramos mudanças temporais da subsuperfície causada pela sequência de pequenos terremotos intraplaca mencionado anteriormente. O método foi validado com dados sintéticos. Fomos capazes de detectar uma mudança da fonte de 2.5% e uma redução de 15% da quantidade dos espalhadores. A partir dos dados reais, observamos uma rápida diminuição da correlação da cauda da onda após do evento sísmico mR 3.7. Isso indica uma mudança rápida do subsolo na região da falha induzida pelo terremoto

"Brioude, ou la durable survie d'une liturgie propre"

Lire l'introduction de l'ouvrage collectif : http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/71/37/87/PDF/Dompnier_dir._Bas_choeurs_Intro.pdf Lire la notice bibliographique de l'ouvrage collectif : http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00713787 Accéder à la collection Muséfrem dans HAL-SHS : http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/MUSEFRE

Medium change monitoring using ambient seismic noise and coda wave interferometry: examples from intraplate NE Brazil and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Nesta tese são apresentados e discutidos os resultados de correlação do ruído sísmico em dois contextos: região intraplaca e Dorsal Meso-oceânica. O método de interferometria de cauda de onda (coda wave interferometry—CWI) também foi utilizado para os dados da região intraplaca. A correlação do ruído permite recuperar a função de Green empírica entre dois receptores , como se uma das estações atuasse como uma fonte (virtual). Esta técnica éamplamente utilizado em sismologia para a imagem do subsolo e para monitorar mudanças estruturais associadas principalmente com erupções vulcânicas e terremotos grandes (mb > 6.0). No estudo da região intraplaca, fomos capazes de detectar mudanças estruturais localizadas relacionadas com esta pequena sequência de terremotos, cujo evento principal é de mR 3.7, no Nordeste do Brasil. Nós também mostramos que a normalização de 1-bit de e o branqueamento spectral provoca perdas de detalhes na forma de onda e que a auto- correlação de fase, que é pouco sensível à amplitude , parece ser mais sensível e robusta para a nossa análise. A análise de 6 meses de dados usando correlações cruzadas detecta claramente alterações do meio logo após do evento principal, enquanto que as auto- correlações essencialmente detectam alterações após 1 mês. Estas mudanças na correlação cruzada e na auto-correlação podem serexplicadas pela redistribuição da pressão do fluido ocasionadas mudanças hidromecânicas e novos caminhos preferenciais para difusão de pressão e fuidos , devido a terramotos que ocorrem mais tarde. No estudo da Dorsal Meso-oceânica, investigamos as mudanças estruturais associadas a um terremoto de mb 4,9 aolongo da falha transformante de São Paulo. Os dados foram registrados por a única estação sísmica localizada a menos de 200 km da Dorsal Meso-oceânica. Os resultados da auto-correlação de fase por um período de 5 meses, mostram uma forte mudança de meio co-sísmica seguido por uma recuperação pós-sísmica relativamente rápida. Esta mudança do meio provavelmente está relacionada aos danos causados pelo terremoto de mb 4.9. O processo de cicatrização (enchimento das novas fissuras) que durou 60 dias pode ser decomposto em duas fases, uma recuperação rápida na fase pós-sísmica (de 70% em ~ 30 dias) precoce e uma recuperação relativamente lenta depois (de 30% em ~ 30 dias) No estudo de interferometria de cauda de onda, monitoramos mudanças temporais da subsuperfície causada pela sequência de pequenos terremotos intraplaca mencionado anteriormente. O método foi validado com dados sintéticos. Fomos capazes de detectar uma mudança da fonte de 2.5% e uma redução de 15% da quantidade dos espalhadores. A partir dos dados reais, observamos uma rápida diminuição da correlação da cauda da onda após do evento sísmico mR 3.7. Isso indica uma mudança rápida do subsolo na região da falha induzida pelo terremoto.This thesis presents and discusses the results of ambient seismic noise correlation for two different environments: intraplate and Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The coda wave interferometry method has also been tested for the intraplate data. Ambient noise correlation is a method that allows to retrieve the structural response between two receivers from ambient noise records, as if one of the station was a virtual source. It has been largely used in seismology to image the subsurface and to monitor structural changes associated mostly with volcanic eruptions and large earthquakes. In the intraplate study, we were able to detect localized structural changes related to a small earthquake swarm, which main event is mR 3.7, North-East of Brazil. We also showed that the 1-bit normalization and spectral whitening result on the loss of waveform details and that the phase auto-correlation, which is amplitude unbiased, seems to be more sensitive and robust for our analysis of a small earthquake swarm. The analysis of 6 months of data using cross-correlations detect clear medium changes soon after the main event while the auto-correlations detect changes essentially after 1 month. It could be explained by fluid pressure redistribution which can be initiated by hydromechanical changes and opened path ways to shallower depth levels due to later occurring earthquakes. In the Mid-Atlantic Ridge study, we investigate structural changes associated with a mb 4.9 earthquake in the region of the Saint Paul transform fault. The data have been recorded by a single broadband seismic station located at less than 200 km from the Mid-Atlantic ridge. The results of the phase auto-correlation for a 5-month period, show a strong co-seismic medium change followed by a relatively fast post-seismic recovery. This medium change is likely related to the damages caused by the earthquake’s ground shaking. The healing process (filling of the new cracks) that lasted 60 days can be decomposed in two phases, a fast recovery (70% in ~30 days) in the early post-seismic stage and a relatively slow recovery later (30% in ~30 days). In the coda wave interferometry study, we monitor temporal changes of the subsurface caused by the small intraplate earthquake swarm mentioned previously. The method was first validated with synthetics data. We were able to detect a change of 2.5% in the source position and a 15% decrease of the scatterers’ amount. Then, from the real data, we observed a rapid decorrelation of the seismic coda after the mR 3.7 seismic event. This indicates a rapid change of the subsurface in the fault’s region induced by the earthquake

"La musique à la collégiale Saint-Julien de Brioude"

Lire l'introduction de l'ouvrage collectif : http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/71/37/87/PDF/Dompnier_dir._Bas_choeurs_Intro.pdf Lire la notice bibliographique de l'ouvrage collectif : http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00713787 Accéder à la collection Muséfrem dans HAL-SHS : http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/MUSEFRE

Cults and indentities in 17th century France : study of liturgical books and calendars

Le XVIIe siècle est généralement considéré comme un moment de romanisation des liturgies diocésaines françaises, sur le modèle des ouvrages romains réformés à la fin du XVIe siècle par Pie V (le nouveau Bréviaire romain est imprimé en 1568). Toutefois, force est de constater que chaque diocèse conserve une certaine marge de manœuvre, notamment pour la conservation d’usages particuliers s’ils sont en pratique depuis deux cents ans, ainsi que le prévoit la bulle Quod a Nobis.Ce travail s’intéresse, par le prisme des calendriers liturgiques diocésains et des livres qui les contiennent, aux conséquences de ce mouvement de romanisation sur les cultes et l’identité des diocèses. Pour l’essentiel, la méthode choisie consiste à saisir cent trente-cinq calendriers, imprimés entre 1570 et 1680 par soixante-dix diocèses, sous la forme d’une base de données et à les interroger en série. Plus particulièrement, les calendriers sont l’objet dans les premières années du XVIIe siècle de profondes réformes, tant dans leur structure que dans leur contenu. Ainsi, le calendrier romain et les offices de saints contenus dans le Bréviaire ne sont pas adoptés de la même manière dans l’ensemble des diocèses du royaume de France. Il est alors possible de construire une cartographie des différents degrés d’adoption du modèle romain et d’identifier des espaces. De même, tous les diocèses ne font pas état d’autant d’usages propres les uns que les autres, notamment au regard du nombre de saints.Enfin, ces cultes particuliers peuvent également être partagés entre plusieurs diocèses, dessinant alors de nouveaux espaces de dévotions à certains saints, à l’échelle de la FranceUsually, the seventeenth century is considered as a time of romanisation of dioceses liturgy, following the model of Roman works that were reformed at the end of the 16th century by the pope Pie V (Roman breviary is printed in 1568). However, one has to come to the conclusion that each diocese keeps a certain margin especially concerning the conservation of particular uses if they had been in use for two hundred years, as scheduled by the bull Quod a Nobis.This study choses to show the consequences of the Roman reform on the identity and the worship of diocese through the prism of diocesan liturgic calendars and the books that contain them. Foremost, the chosen method consists in entering one hundred and thirty-five calendars, printed between 1570 and 1680 by seventy dioceses, in a data base and questionning them in series.More particularly, the calendars are the object in the early seventeenth century of deep reforms, in their structure as well as in their content. Hence, the Roman calendar and the saints services contained in the Breviary have not been adopted in the same way in all the dioceses of the French relm. It is then possible to build a cartography of the different degrees of adoption of the Roman model and identify spaces. In the same way, every diocese didn't mention as many particular uses as the others, especially in regard to the number of their own saints.Finally, these particular worships can be shared by several dioceses, defining new spaces of devotion to specific saints, on the French scale

"Brioude, ou la durable survie d'une liturgie propre"

Lire l'introduction de l'ouvrage collectif : http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/71/37/87/PDF/Dompnier_dir._Bas_choeurs_Intro.pdf Lire la notice bibliographique de l'ouvrage collectif : http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00713787 Accéder à la collection Muséfrem dans HAL-SHS : http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/MUSEFRE