Regeneration of begonia plantlets by direct organogenesis

The economic importance of ornamentals worldwide suggests a bright future for ornamental breeding. Rapid progress in plant molecular biology has great potentials to contribute to the breeding of novel ornamental plants utilizing recombinant DNA technology. The plant cell, tissue or organ culture of many ornamental species and their regeneration are essential for providing the material and systems for their genetic manipulation, and this is therefore the first requirement of genetic engineering. In this research, different concentration of BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mgl(-1) with NAA ( 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 mgl(-1)) and BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mgl(-1)) with IAA ( 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, mgl(-1)) were investigated to optimize regeneration of Begonia elatior cv. Toran orange. The best regeneration and growth were obtained from the media containing 2.0 mgl(-1) BA and 1.0 mgl(-1) NAA (70%) followed by 1.0 mgl(-1) BA and 0.5 mgl(-1) NAA (50%), 1.0 mgl(-1) BA and 1.0 mgl(-1) NAA (20%) in BA - NAA combination. The media with BA - IAA combination showed that the best regeneration was 0.5 mgl(-1) BA and 0.5 mgl(-1) IAA (43%) followed by 0.5 mgl(-1) BA and 1.0 mgl(-1) IAA (23%)

The use of strategic policy statements on the basis of concepts, an evaluation in logistics businesses

Introduction: Strategic management and its most important component, the strategic policies, and the expression of these policies and the implementation of the stated policies are very important. The purpose of this study is to examine the policy statements of the enterprises operating in the field of logistics, which is an important sector for the economy of countries, to examine whether they are current and industry-appropriate statements, and to discuss the reasons. Categorization and interpretation were preferred as methods. As a scope, only policy statements among the strategic concepts shared by the Logistics Association (LODER) member enterprises in the logistics sector have been discussed and studied. Especially in logistics enterprises, the establishment of strategic management and strategic policies, their expression, sharing and their implementation, the concepts emphasized and prioritized in the policies, and whether these concepts are up-to-date and appropriate to the sector should be seen as a problem. According to the findings, an important part of the policy statements are about customers and customer-related concepts. It has been observed that the concepts prioritized in policy statements are not specific to the business, which are popular and shared in most businesses. The fact that the concepts examined are not up to date causes businesses to stay away from the concepts they really need. The fact that the stated policies are not specific to the business will not benefit the strategic management of the business in details. This study is expected to be beneficial to academics and administrators working in this field.peer-reviewe

Regeneration of begonia plantlets by direct organogenesis

The economic importance of ornamentals worldwide suggests a bright future for ornamental breeding. Rapid progress in plant molecular biology has great potentials to contribute to the breeding of novelornamental plants utilizing recombinant DNA technology. The plant cell, tissue or organ culture of many ornamental species and their regeneration are essential for providing the material and systems for their genetic manipulation, and this is therefore the first requirement of genetic engineering. In this research, different concentration of BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mgl-¹ with NAA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 mgl-¹) and BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mgl-¹) with IAA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, mgl-¹) were investigated to optimize regeneration of Begonia elatior cv. Toran orange. The best regeneration and growth were obtained from the media containing 2.0 mgl-¹ BA and 1.0 mgl-¹ NAA (70%) followed by 1.0 mgl-¹ BA and 0.5 mgl-¹ NAA (50%), 1.0 mgl-¹ BA and 1.0 mgl-¹ NAA (20%) in BA - NAA combination. The media with BA - IAA combination showed that the best regeneration was 0.5 mgl-¹ BA and 0.5 mgl-¹ IAA (43%) followed by 0.5 mgl-¹ BA and 1.0 mgl-¹ IAA (23%)

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of kabocha squash (Cucurbita moschata Duch) induced by wounding with aluminum borate whiskers

An efficient genetic transformation method for kabocha squash (Cucurbita moschata Duch cv. Heiankogiku) was established by wounding cotyledonary node explants with aluminum borate whiskers prior to inoculation with Agrobacterium. Adventitious shoots were induced from only the proximal regions of the cotyledonary nodes and were most efficiently induced on Murashige–Skoog agar medium with 1 mg/L benzyladenine. Vortexing with 1% (w/v) aluminum borate whiskers significantly increased Agrobacterium infection efficiency in the proximal region of the explants. Transgenic plants were screened at the T0 generation by sGFP fluorescence, genomic PCR, and Southern blot analyses. These transgenic plants grew normally and T1 seeds were obtained. We confirmed stable integration of the transgene and its inheritance in T1 generation plants by sGFP fluorescence and genomic PCR analyses. The average transgenic efficiency for producing kabocha squashes with our method was about 2.7%, a value sufficient for practical use

α-thalassaemia

Alpha-thalassaemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by a microcytic hypochromic anaemia, and a clinical phenotype varying from almost asymptomatic to a lethal haemolytic anaemia

Climate Policy and Resource Extraction with Variable Markups and Imperfect Substitutes

In a resource extraction model that features imperfect substitution and endogenous market power, we analytically characterize the effect of anticipated future demand shocks on the resource extraction path. We show that the resource owner's market share and reserves-to-extraction ratio are sufficient to calculate the supply response under constant elasticity of substitution between alternative energy resources. The analytical characterization of the extraction response allows us to conduct scenario analyses based on available oil market data. Applying data on OPEC, we find a relatively small increase in current extraction due to an anticipated decrease in the price of alternative energy resources, which implies that endogenous markup adjustments of OPEC countries largely reduce the adverse consequences of anticipated climate policies due to intertemporal carbon leakage

Impact of tuber location on morphological characteristics of Cyclamen

In Cyclamen genus, there are differences at some degree of morphological characters among closely related wild species with disjunct distributions. Two hundred and fiveTurkish landraces of cyclamen coming from different areas containing different temperature, altitudes, soil and vegetation, relative humidity and light intensity were evaluated for 12 quantitative morphological traits of flowers and leaves such as petal length, petal width, flower number/plant, pedicel length, basal corolla ring diameter, pistil length, stamen length, leaf number/plant, petiole length, lamina length, lamina width, plant growth habit, in Cyclamen mirabile, Cyclamen alpinum and Cyclamen hederifolium. According to the location of species, all three species showed morphological differentiation in two traits (pedicel length and petiole length). C. mirabile showed high levels of morphological differentiation from other species (in eight traits out of 12, as 66,7%), followed by C. hederifolium (in six traits out of 12, as 50%) and C. alpinum (in four traits out of 12, as 33,3%). © 2017, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved

Trade, Technology Diffusion and Misallocation: Trade Partner Matters (Replaces CentER DP 2011-125)

Abstract: This paper suggests that contingent on the productivity level of the trade partner; international trade may create resource misallocation in less productive countries. It theoretically shows how the interaction between technology diffusion induced by trade and cross sectoral heterogeneity in productivity distributions, and technology adoption rates leads to asymmetric pro-competitive effects, which in turn result in misallocation. In this framework trade increases welfare in the long-run due to technology diffusion, even though there is steadystate resource misallocation across industries. Using firm level data from 32 European countries for the period of 1992-2007, it also presents robust empirical evidence supporting the model predictions by showing that trade with more productive regions as a share of purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP (1) increases economy wide markup variation, (2) raises mean sectoral productivity, and (3) decreases productivity dispersion within 4-digit sectors, only in less productive countries

Anticipatory Postural Control in Individuals with Stroke: Role of Asymmetries and Focused Training

Asymmetry is one the most common consequences of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) that causes the impaired postural control in individuals with stroke. Although postural control has been studied in people with stroke, information about their ability to generate anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) for postural control is incomplete. Moreover, there is limited evidence available on whether anticipatory postural adjustments in individuals with unilateral stroke could be improved with training. Therefore, the focus of this dissertation was on the investigation of anticipatory postural adjustments and the role of APA-focused training in enhancement of postural control in people with stroke. First, we demonstrated that individuals with stroke, as compared to healthy counterparts, have impaired ability to generate APAs on the affected side which is compensated by increased early activation of muscles on the contralateral side. Second, we investigated whether APAs could be improved in people with stroke with exercises. We demonstrated that after a single session of targeted exercises involving their unaffected upper extremity individuals with stroke generated early APAs onsets in trunk and leg muscles on the affected side. Finally, we investigated a feasibility of multi-session training involving targeted exercises performed with the unaffected upper extremity in enhancement of postural control of individuals with stroke. The results of the study revealed that after two weeks of perturbation-based training individuals with stroke improved APAs in the muscles on both sides of the body. The outcome of the dissertation provides an evidence that individuals with stroke have impaired ability to generate anticipatory postural adjustments, however, they could enhance APAs with specialized training. This dissertation also provides a background for future investigations focusing on the role of perturbation-based training in enhancement of postural control in individuals with unilateral impairment

The Effect of Textured Insole on Symmetry of Turning

The goal of the study was to investigate the effect of a textured insole (that induced discomfort on one side of the body) on symmetry of turning in healthy individuals. The outcome of the study showed that the textured insole caused asymmetry in healthy individuals performing the task immediately after they started using a textured insole and after a short time of using it. Such a change in the movement pattern of healthy subjects resembles movement pattern seen in individuals with unilateral impairment such as stroke. In particular, when experiencing unilateral discomfort, healthy subjects utilized asymmetrical trunk movements. The results of the study suggest that if the discomfort is induced on the unaffected side of individuals with unilateral impairment, it can help such individuals to regain the ability to perform turning task more symmetrically. This suggestion should be tested in future study of the role of discomfort-inducing devices in improving symmetry of turning in individuals with unilateral impairment