Obtención de nanopartículas metálicas soportadas o embebidas en matrices oxídicas: Alúmina - Sepiolita

Tesis Doctoral inédita de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Inorgánica. Fecha de lectura: 13-04-200

The genuine sumak kawsay as Ecuadorian Amazonian social phenomenon

En este artículo se indaga sobre el origen del concepto de sumak kawsay. Partiendo de la constatación de su existencia como fenómeno social: se muestra cómo surgió como alternativa al desarrollo sustentable en la Organización de Pueblos Indígenas de Pastaza en los años noventa; se explica cómo su emergencia en el ámbito intelectual occidental es consecuencia de la divulgación que realizó Carlos Viteri a finales del siglo XX y comienzos del siglo XXI; se explica que dicho fenómeno es la forma de vida cotidiana y la aspiración vital de los pueblos indígenas amazónicos; y se describe cómo el concepto llegó a las constituciones de Ecuador y Bolivia referido ya a las sociedades andino-amazónicas.In this article we investigate the origin of the concept of sumak kawsay. Based on the finding of existence of sumak kawsay as a social phenomenon, we show how this emerged as an alternative to sustainable development in the Organization of Indigenous Peoples of Pastaza in the nineties. We also show how this emerged in the Western academic-intellectual scope by the disclosure that Carlos Viteri made during late twentieth and early twenty-first century. We explained that this phenomenon is the everyday way of life and vital aspiration of Amazonian indigenous peoples too. And we describe how the concept came to the constitutions of Ecuador and Bolivia but referred to the Andean-Amazonian societies

Comparación de las Propiedades Elásticas Dinámicas para Edificios Tipo Marco con Base Fija y Base Aislada: Caso Concreto Reforzado

Proyecto de graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Construcción) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Escuela de Ingeniería en Construcción, 2015.In the following report a research is carried out in order to determine trends in the dynamic behavior and their seismic response in frame structures. This research aims to analyze and correlate the dynamic properties of three buildings in reinforced concrete and frame structure with different number of flats (10, 15, 20), with fixed base and isolated basis. The three buildings were analyzed in the 4types of soils present in the seismic zone III, according to the CSCR 2010 and with three different ductility (μ of 1.0, 3.0, and 6.0) to determine the dynamic contribution of each building. Concludes that as you increase the height of this type of structure the dynamic contribution decreases in fundamental mode and in modes 2, 3, 4 and 5 are presented bigger dynamic contributions. This project is obtained that the variation of soil, generates higher modes showing the biggest dynamic contributions and increasing the height, generates a bigger flexibility in this type of structure that causes decrease in its dynamic contribution. Also with the use of seismic isolators, the dynamic contribution of the fundamental mode falls significantly, being more effective in lower height model.Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería en Construcción

Multidisciplinary Approach of Malignant Tumors of the Biliary Tree

Biliary tract carcinomas are aggressive tumors that arise from epithelial cells of bile ducts. They present several difficulties in their clinical management. A late initial diagnosis (frequently in the form of locally advanced disease), jaundice, cholangitis, or poor performance status of patients are some of the medical issues that arise in this setting. Another clinical limitation is the lack of robust evidence for many of the standard procedures in this particular scenario. Biliary tumors are lethal tumors, and most of them present in the form of advanced disease or during late evolution. However, we are witnessing some exciting changes in clinical management of tumors of the biliary tract, such as the development of new radiological techniques and novel interventional radiology procedures, the emergence of new radiotherapy modalities, the establishment of standardized chemotherapy regimens, the advance in molecular knowledge, and the development of new treatments directed against therapeutic targets. On the other hand, the most important step for advancing the treatment of these complex diseases is the appearance of multidisciplinary management teams integrating qualified specialists to resolve appropriate treatment challenges. In this chapter, we summarize the most relevant advances in clinical management and new oncologic treatment in biliary tract carcinomas

Buen vivir (Good Living): A “Glocal” Genealogy of a Latin American Utopia for the World

Buen vivir (good living) discourse emerged at the turn of the century in the context of global political contestation around the prevailing development model at the intersection of multiple actors, discourses, and struggles. A genealogical reconstruction of this discourse disputes the ethnocentric character often attributed to it outside Latin America as an allegedly indigenous discursive product. Instead, buen vivir is a prime example of “glocal” discursive articulation in pursuit of alter- and postdevelopmentalist utopias—a cultural-political experiment that holds valuable lessons for global debates around alternative socio-ecological futures. El discurso del “buen vivir” surgió a principios de siglo en el contexto de la contienda política global en torno al modelo de desarrollo prevaleciente en la intersección de múltiples actores, discursos y luchas. Una reconstrucción genealógica de dicho discurso cuestiona el carácter etnocéntrico que a menudo se le atribuye fuera de América Latina, donde se le mira como un producto discursivo supuestamente indígena. Sin embargo, el buen vivir es un excelente ejemplo de articulación discursiva “glocal” en busca de utopías alter-y postdesarrollistas, un experimento cultural-político que puede brindar valiosas lecciones a los debates globales en torno a futuros socioecológicos alternativos.Departamento de Economía General y Estadístic

Binimetinib in combination with nivolumab or nivolumab and ipilimumab in patients with previously treated microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer with RAS mutations in an open-label phase 1b/2 study

Binimetinib; Colorectal cancer; IpilimumabBinimetinib; Càncer colorectal; IpilimumabBinimetinib; Cáncer colorrectal; IpilimumabBackground In patients with previously treated RAS-mutated microsatellite-stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), a multicenter open-label phase 1b/2 trial was conducted to define the safety and efficacy of the MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor binimetinib in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) nivolumab (anti–PD-1) or nivolumab and another ICI, ipilimumab (anti-CTLA4). Methods In phase 1b, participants were randomly assigned to Arm 1A (binimetinib 45 mg twice daily [BID] plus nivolumab 480 mg once every 4 weeks [Q4W]) or Arm 1B (binimetinib 45 mg BID plus nivolumab 480 mg Q4W and ipilimumab 1 mg/kg once every 8 weeks [Q8W]) to determine the maximum tolerable dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of binimetinib. The MTD/RP2D was defined as the highest dosage combination that did not cause medically unacceptable dose-limiting toxicities in more than 35% of treated participants in Cycle 1. During phase 2, participants were randomly assigned to Arm 2A (binimetinib MTD/RP2D plus nivolumab) or Arm 2B (binimetinib MTD/RP2D plus nivolumab and ipilimumab) to assess the safety and clinical activity of these combinations. Results In phase 1b, 21 participants were randomized to Arm 1A or Arm 1B; during phase 2, 54 participants were randomized to Arm 2A or Arm 2B. The binimetinib MTD/RP2D was determined to be 45 mg BID. In phase 2, no participants receiving binimetinib plus nivolumab achieved a response. Of the 27 participants receiving binimetinib, nivolumab, and ipilimumab, the overall response rate was 7.4% (90% CI: 1.3, 21.5). Out of 75 participants overall, 74 (98.7%) reported treatment-related adverse events (AEs), of whom 17 (22.7%) reported treatment-related serious AEs. Conclusions The RP2D binimetinib regimen had a safety profile similar to previous binimetinib studies or nivolumab and ipilimumab combination studies. There was a lack of clinical benefit with either drug combination. Therefore, these data do not support further development of binimetinib in combination with nivolumab or nivolumab and ipilimumab in RAS-mutated MSS mCRC.This study was sponsored by Array BioPharma, which was acquired by Pfizer in July 2019, in collaboration with Bristol Myers Squibb

Tumor Treating Fields Concomitant with Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Cancer: Results of the HEPANOVA Phase II Study

Liver cancer; Solid tumor; SorafenibCàncer de fetge; Tumor sòlid; SorafenibCáncer de hígado; Tumor sólido; SorafenibAdvanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive disease associated with poor prognosis. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy is a non-invasive, loco-regional treatment approved for glioblastoma and malignant pleural mesothelioma. HCC preclinical and abdominal simulation data, together with clinical results in other solid tumors, provide a rationale for investigating TTFields with sorafenib in this patient population. HEPANOVA was a phase II, single arm, historical control study in adults with advanced HCC (NCT03606590). Patients received TTFields (150 kHz) for ≥18 h/day concomitant with sorafenib (400 mg BID). Imaging assessments occurred every 12 weeks until disease progression. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR). Safety was also evaluated. Patients (n = 27 enrolled; n = 21 evaluable) had a poor prognosis; >50% were Child–Turcotte–Pugh class B and >20% had a baseline Eastern Clinical Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 2. The ORR was higher, but not statistically significant, for TTFields/sorafenib vs. historical controls: 9.5% vs. 4.5% (p = 0.24), respectively; all responses were partial. Among patients (n = 11) with ≥12 weeks of TTFields/sorafenib, ORR was 18%. Common adverse events (AEs) were diarrhea (n = 15/27, 56%) and asthenia (n = 11/27, 40%). Overall, 19/27 (70%) patients had TTFields-related skin AEs; none were serious. TTFields/sorafenib improved response rates vs. historical controls in patients with advanced HCC, with no new safety concerns or related systemic toxicity.This study was funded by Novocure Inc