Acarnidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) del Pacifico mexicano con la descripción de seis nuevas especies

The family Acarnidae is characterized by sponges with ectosomal diactinal spicules and choanosomal monactinal spicules. Microscleres include palmate isochelae, toxas and echinating acanthostyles. We described ten species from the Mexican Pacific Ocean. Six of them are new to science: Acarnus michoacanensis n. sp., Acarnus oaxaquensis n. sp., Acarnus sabulum n. sp., Acheliderma fulvum n. sp., Megaciella toxispinosa n. sp. and Iophon bipocillum n. sp. Four are known in Eastern Pacific waters: Acarnus erithacus, Acarnus peruanus, Megaciella microtoxa and Iophon indentatum.La familia Acarnidae se caracteriza por esponjas con espículas diactinas ectosómicas y espículas monactinas coanosómicas. Microscleras incluyen isoquelas palmadas, toxas y acantostilos. Se describen diez especies de distintas localidades del Pacífico mexicano. Seis de ellas son nuevas para la ciencia: Acarnus michoacanensis n. sp., Acarnus oaxaquensis n. sp., Acarnus sabulum n. sp., Acheliderma fulvum n. sp., Megaciella toxispinosa n. sp. y Iophon bipocillum n. sp. Cuatro son conocidas para aguas del Pacífico Este: Acarnus erithacus, Acarnus peruanus, Megaciella microtoxa y Iophon indentatum

Consistency of a nonword repetition task to discriminate children with and without developmental language disorder in Catalan-Spanish and European Portuguese speaking children

Nonword repetition has been proposed as a diagnostic marker of developmental language disorder (DLD); however, the inconsistency in the ability of nonword repetition tasks (NRT) to identify children with DLD raises significant questions regarding its feasibility as a clinical tool. Research suggests that some of the inconsistency across NRT may be due to differences in the nature of the nonword stimuli. In this study, we compared children’s performance on NRT between two cohorts: the children in the Catalan–Spanish cohort (CS) were bilingual, and the children in the European Portuguese cohort (EP) were monolingual. NRT performance was assessed in both Spanish and Catalan for the bilingual children from Catalonia-Spain and in Portuguese for the monolingual children from Portugal. Results show that although the absolute performance differed across the two cohorts, with NRT performance being lower for the CS, in both Catalan and Spanish, as compared to the EP cohort in both, the cut-points for the likelihood ratios (LH) were similar across the three languages and mirror those previously reported in previous studies. However, the absolute LH ratio values for this study were higher than those reported in prior research due in part to differences in wordlikeness and frequency of the stimuli in the current study. Taken together, the findings from this study show that an NRT consisting of 3-, 4-, and 5-syllable nonwords, which varies in wordlikeness ratings, when presented in a random order accurately identifies and correctly differentiates children with DLD from TD controls the child is bilingual or monolingual.This research was funded by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) Grant [R0105263] awarded to Dr. Evans, from The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Grant [P30HD03352] awarded to the Waisman Center, The University of Wisconsin Madison; by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad Grant [2016EDU2016-75368-P/BES-2014-070511] awarded from Dr. Andreu and from the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) de la Generalitat de Catalunya [2017SGR387] awarded to the Grup de Recerca en Cognició i Llenguatge (UOC-UB); by the CIEd—Research Centre on Education, Institute of Education, University of Minho, projects [UIDB/01661/2020] and [UIDP/01661/2020], through national funds of FCT/MCTES-PT

Fortalecimiento de las normas de convivencia a través de los juegos de regla

Anexos trabajo de gradosLa finalidad del proyecto investigativo es cómo mediante el juego de reglas, se fortalecen las normas de convivencia. Podemos observar, que los juegos de reglas es una actividad lúdica que puede ser utilizada como un instrumento educativo para fortalecer las normas de convivencia. Mediante el juego, los infantes acatan las reglas, a colaborar con los demás y a solucionar problemas de manera pacífica. La metodología propuesta para este proyecto investigativo tiene un enfoque cualitativo y la técnica usada fue la observación-participante y cómo instrumento el uso de diario de campo. Los resultados del estudio mostraron que los juegos de reglas pueden ser una herramienta efectiva para fortalecer las normas de convivencia. El estudio también mostró que el uso de los juegos de reglas para fortalecer las normas de convivencia es más efectivo cuando se realiza de manera sistemática y planificada. Los padres, los maestros y los líderes comunitarios pueden promover el uso de los juegos de reglas como un instrumento educativo para fortalecer las normas de convivencia al seleccionar juegos que sean adecuados para el tiempo y el crecimiento de los participantes, explicar las reglas del juego con claridad y asegurarse de que todos los participantes las entiendan, ser un ejemplo positivo y cumplir las reglas del juego, recalcar la importancia de seguir las reglas y de respetar los acuerdos establecidos y felicitar a los participantes cuando sigan las reglas y resuelvan conflictos de manera pacífica. La intersección entre convivencia y juegos de reglas refleja la capacidad humana para aprender a compartir, respetar los derechos de los demás y resolver conflictos de manera constructiva.The purpose of the research project is how the rules game strengthens the norms of coexistence. It can be observed that the game of rules is a ludic activity that can be used as an educational instrument to strengthen the norms of coexistence. Through the game, the children abide by the rules, to collaborate with others and to solve problems in a peaceful manner. The methodology proposed for this research project has a qualitative approach and the technique used was participant-observation and as an instrument the use of a field diary. The results of the study showed that rule games can be an effective tool to strengthen the norms of coexistence. The study also showed that the use of rule games to strengthen coexistence norms is more effective when it is carried out in a systematic and planned manner. Parents, teachers, and community leaders can promote the use of rule games as an educational tool to strengthen coexistence norms by selecting games that are appropriate for the time and growth of the participants, explaining the rules of the game clearly and making sure that all participants understand them, being a positive role model and following the rules of the game, stressing the importance of following the rules and respecting established agreements, and congratulating participants when they follow the rules and resolve conflicts peacefully. The intersection between coexistence and rule games reflects the human capacity to learn to share, respect the rights of others and resolve conflicts constructively

A Pilot Study on the Use of Mobile Augmented Reality for Interactive Experimentation in Quadratic Equations

Recent studies have reported that the inclusion of new technological elements such as augmented reality (AR), for educational purposes, increases the learning interest and motivation of students. However, developing AR applications, especially with mobile content, is still a rather technical subject; thus the dissemination of the technology in the classroom has been rather limited. This paper presents a new software architecture for AR application development based on freely available components; it provides a detailed view of the subsystems and tasks that encompass the creation of a mobile AR application. The typical task of plotting a quadratic equation was selected as a case study to obtain feasibility insights on how AR could support the teaching-learning process and to observe the student’s reaction to the technology and the particular application. The pilot study was conducted with 59 students at a Mexican undergraduate school. A questionnaire was created in order to obtain information about the students’ experience using the AR application and the analysis of the results obtained is presented. The comments expressed by the users after the AR experience are positive, supporting the premise that AR can be, in the future, a valuable complimentary teaching tool for topics that benefit from contextual learning experience and multipoint visualization, such as the quadratic equation

Diseño de un software de adquisición de llamados de enfermería a través de un equipo de cómputo para instituciones hospitalarias (Clínica Reina Catalina)

RESUMENEn este artículo resaltamos aspectos importantes acerca de los sistemas de llamados de enfermería, así mismo presentamos algunas de sus ventajas, además de algunas normas que debemos tener presente al momento de la realización o el diseño de un sistema como este. Consideramos que se deben de tener en cuenta a las personas que van hacer uso de este para así poder satisfacer las necesidades que tiene ellos aunque muchas veces sea el mismo en las diversas divisiones del hospital es por esto que la recopilación de la información deberá de facilitar al diseñador del sistemas preguntas como por ejemplo: donde ubicaran los sistemas, tiempos de respuestas, el estado de los sistemas en las habitaciones entre otras, con el fin del que el sistema se acople de manera correcta al hospital o clínica al cual será implementado.ABSTRACTIn this article we highlight important aspects of nurse call systems and present some of its advantages, plus a few rules to keep in mind when making or designing a system like this. We believe that this must take into account people who are going to use this in order to satisfy the needs that they though often the same in the various divisions of the hospital which is why the person collecting the information must to provide the systems designer questions such as: where to place the systems, response times, the state of the systems in the rooms, among others, for the purpose of the system to properly attach to the hospital or clinic which will implemented

Estimación de la estructura genética de Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) y la dinámica de transmisión de Trypanosoma cruzi en Boyacá, oriente de Colombia

La enfermedad de Chagas es considerada un problema de salud pública en Colombia, donde muchas regiones son endémicas. Triatoma dimidiata es un vector importante después de Rhodnius prolixus, y está ganando importancia en Boyacá, oriente de Colombia. Tras la reciente eliminación de R. prolixus en la región, es fundamental comprender el comportamiento de T. dimidiata y la dinámica de transmisión de T. cruzi. Utilizamos qPCR y Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) para evaluar la infección por T. cruzi, la carga parasitaria, los perfiles de alimentación y el genotipado de T. cruzi para especímenes de T. dimidiata recolectados en nueve municipios de Boyacá y exploramos la genética de la población de T. dimidiata. Encontramos que las poblaciones de T. dimidiata están compuestas por una sola población con características genéticas similares que presentan tasas de infección de hasta el 70%, altas cargas parasitarias de hasta 1.46 × 109 equivalentes de parásitos/mL, un comportamiento alimentario que comprende al menos 17 domos especies tic, sinantrópicas y selváticas, y una amplia diversidad de genotipos TcI incluso dentro de un mismo espécimen. Estos resultados implican que el comportamiento de T. dimidiata es similar al de otros vectores exitosos, teniendo una amplia variedad de fuentes de sangre y contribuyendo a la circulación de diferentes genotipos del parásito, destacando su importancia para la transmisión y el riesgo de T. cruzi para los humanos. A la luz de la eliminación de R. prolixus en Boyacá y los resultados encontrados, sugerimos que T. dimidiata debe convertirse en un nuevo objetivo para los programas de control de vectores. Esperamos que este estudio proporcione suficiente información para mejorar los programas de vigilancia y una futura interrupción efectiva de la transmisión del vector T. cruzi en regiones endémicas.Chagas disease is considered a public health issue in Colombia, where many regions are endemic. Triatoma dimidiata is an important vector after Rhodnius prolixus, and it is gaining importance in Boyaca´, eastern Colombia. Following the recent elimination of R. prolixus in the region, it is pivotal to understand the behavior of T. dimidiata and the transmission dynamics of T. cruzi. We used qPCR and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to evaluate T. cruzi infection, parasite load, feeding profiles, and T. cruzi genotyping for T. dimidiata specimens collected in nine municipalities in Boyaca´ and explored T. dimidiata population genetics. We found that T. dimidiata populations are composed by a single population with similar genetic characteristics that present infection rates up to 70%, high parasite loads up to 1.46 × 109 parasite-equivalents/mL, a feeding behavior that comprises at least 17 domes tic, synanthropic and sylvatic species, and a wide diversity of TcI genotypes even within a single specimen. These results imply that T. dimidiata behavior is similar to other successful vectors, having a wide variety of blood sources and contributing to the circulation of different genotypes of the parasite, highlighting its importance for T. cruzi transmission and risk for humans. In the light of the elimination of R. prolixus in Boyaca´ and the results we found, we suggest that T. dimidiata should become a new target for vector control programs. We hope this study provides enough information to enhance surveillance programs and a future effec tive interruption of T. cruzi vector transmission in endemic regions

An Autophagy-Related Kinase Is Essential for the Symbiotic Relationship between Phaseolus vulgaris and Both Rhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Eukaryotes contain three types of lipid kinases that belong to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family. In plants and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, only PI3K class III family members have been identified. These enzymes regulate the innate immune response, intracellular trafficking, autophagy, and senescence. Here, we report that RNAi-mediated downregulation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) PI3K severely impaired symbiosis in composite P. vulgaris plants with endosymbionts such as Rhizobium tropici and Rhizophagus irregularis. Downregulation of Pv-PI3K was associated with a marked decrease in root hair growth and curling. Additionally, infection thread growth, root-nodule number, and symbiosome formation in root nodule cells were severely affected. Interestingly, root colonization by AM fungi and the formation of arbuscules were also abolished in PI3K loss-of-function plants. Furthermore, the transcript accumulation of genes encoding proteins known to interact with PI3K to form protein complexes involved in autophagy was drastically reduced in these transgenic roots. RNAi-mediated downregulation of one of these genes, Beclin1/Atg6, resulted in a similar phenotype as observed for transgenic roots in which Pv-PI3K had been downregulated. Our findings show that an autophagy-related process is crucial for the mutualistic interactions of P. vulgaris with beneficial microorganismsInstituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos VegetalesFil: Estrada-Navarrete, Georgina. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; MéxicoFil: Cruz-Mireles, Neftaly. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; MéxicoFil: Lascano, Hernán Ramiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Estudios Agropecuarios (UDEA); ArgentinaFil: Lascano, Hernán Ramiro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales. ArgentinaFil: Alvarado-Affantranger, Xóchitl. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada; MéxicoFil: Hernández-Barrera, Alejandra. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; MéxicoFil: Barraza, Aarón. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; MéxicoFil: Olivares, Juan E. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; MéxicoFil: Arthikala, Manoj-Kumar. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores-Unidad León; MéxicoFil: Cárdenas, Luis. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; MéxicoFil: Quinto, Carmen. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; MéxicoFil: Sanchez, Federico. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Biotecnología. Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas; Méxic

Solvent Effects on Dye Sensitizers Derived from Anthocyanidins for Applications in Photocatalysis

Anthocyanidins under the effects of solvents water, ethanol, n-hexane, and methanol are interesting due to their suitability as natural dyes for photocatalytic applications. In this chapter, DFT and TDDFT methodologies are used to study their electronic structure. The results displayed include HOMO, LUMO, HOMO-LUMO gap, chemical properties, and reorganization energies for the ground states, and excited state data are also displayed. Malvidin in gas phase has lower gap energy. After addition of solvents, gap energy increases in all cases but malvidin with n-hexane presents narrower gap. Conceptual DFT results show that cyanidin and malvidin may have good charge transfer. Cyanidin presented lower electron reorganization energy (λe) using solvent water; however, ethanol and methanol had similar values. TDDFT is used to calculate excited states, and absorption data show wavelength main peak between 479.1 and 536.4 nm. UV-Vis absorption spectra were generated and solvent effects on each molecule is discussed. Anthocyanidins work well in the visible region with the stronger peak at the green region. These pigments are good options for photocatalysis application and cyanidin and malvidin, in this order, may be the best choices for dye sensitization applications