Effects of the Implementation of Tutored Learning Projects and Formative and Shared Assessment Systems in Pre-Service Teacher Education

The main purpose of Formative and Shared Assessment (F&SA) is to improve student learning, to improve and redirect teaching practice and to improve the teaching-learning process. This research has two objectives: (1) to analyse the results of the applicability and difficulty of the Good Practice of Tutored Learning Projects (TLP) in a Pre-service Teacher Education (PTE) subject; and (2) to examine the advantages and disadvantages of the F&SA system used in the same subject. For this purpose, a longitudinal study of a PTE subject is carried out over three academic years. The instruments used to collect information are: a structured report on Good Practice in university teaching and an anonymous questionnaire for students to evaluate the experience of Good Practice, which has been carried out and the subject’s evaluation system. The results show the consistency of the course design over the years. Students are satisfied with the TLP experience because they consider it to be useful, effective, innovative, replicable and sustainable, as well as helping in the acquisition of competences

Estudio longitudinal sobre los efectos del desarrollo de la Evaluación Formativa y Compartida en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado

This study presents the research outcomes of a Formative and Shared Assessment experience in future Early Childhood Education teachers over two consecutive academic years, paying special attention to the assessment system’s advantages and disadvantages, student’s academic performance and teacher and student workload. It was a developmental longitudinal ex-post-facto study conducted in one cohort of pre-service teacher education (PSTE), applied to two consecutive courses of the Early Childhood Education Degree related to Physical Education. The data collection instruments were an anonymous student questionnaire, validated by Castejón-Oliva et al. (2015) and the best practices reports proposed by the Formative and Shared Assessment Network, filled in by the course teachers. The results revealed that students found more advantages than disadvantages in the assessment system in both courses. Besides, academic performance was observed to be very positive, and it was higher in the second course, compared to the first one. Furthermore, there was a high correlation between workload and academic performance in both courses. Este estudio presenta los resultados de investigación de una experiencia de Evaluación Formativa y Compartida en los futuros maestros de Educación Infantil durante dos cursos consecutivos; prestando especial atención a las ventajas e inconvenientes del sistema de evaluación, rendimiento académico del alumnado y carga de trabajo del profesorado y del alumnado. Es un estudio ex-post-facto evolutivo longitudinal en una misma cohorte de Formación Inicial del Profesorado (FIP), del Grado de Educación Infantil, vivenciado en dos asignaturas sucesivas del ámbito de la Educación Física. Los instrumentos de recogida de datos que se han utilizado son un cuestionario anónimo del alumnado, validado por Castejón-Oliva et al. (2015) y los informes de buenas prácticas de la Red de Evaluación Formativa y Compartida realizados por los docentes que impartieron estas asignaturas. Los resultados muestran cómo el alumnado encuentra más ventajas que inconvenientes en el sistema de evaluación en ambas asignaturas. También se refleja que el rendimiento académico del alumnado es muy positivo, aumentando en el segundo curso con respecto al primero. Además, se ha obtenido una alta correlación entre la carga de trabajo y el rendimiento académico en ambas asignaturas.Actividad Física y Deport

Calmodulin prevents activation of Ras by PKC in 3T3 fibroblasts

We have shown previously (Villalonga, P., López- Alcalá, C., Bosch, M., Chiloeches, A., Rocamora, N., Gil, J., Marais, R., Marshall, C. J., Bachs, O., and Agell, N. (2001) Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 7345-7354) that calmodulin negatively regulates Ras activation in fibroblasts. Hence, anti-calmodulin drugs (such as W13, trifluoroperazine, or W7) are able to induce Ras/ERK pathway activation under low levels of growth factors. We show here that cell treatment with protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors abolishes W13-induced activation of Ras, Raf-1, and ERK. Consequently, PKC activity is essential for achieving the synergism between calmodulin inhibition and growth factors to activate Ras. Furthermore, whereas the activation of PKC by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) does not induce Ras activation in 3T3 cells, activation is observed if calmodulin is simultaneously inhibited. This indicates that calmodulin is preventing Ras activation by PKC. Treatment of cells with epidermal growth factor receptor or platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors does not abrogate the activation of Ras by calmodulin inhibition. This implies that epidermal growth factor receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activities are dispensable for the activation of Ras by TPA plus W13, and, therefore, Ras activation is not a consequence of the transactivation of those receptors by the combination of the anti-calmodulin drug plus TPA. Furthermore, K-Ras, the isoform previously shown to bind to calmodulin, is the only one activated by TPA when calmodulin is inhibited. These data suggest that direct interaction between K-Ras and calmodulin may account for the inability of PKC to activate Ras in 3T3 fibroblasts. In vitro experiments showed that the phosphorylation of K-Ras by PKC was inhibited by calmodulin, suggesting that calmodulin-dependent modulation of K-Ras phosphorylation by PKC could be the mechanism underlying K-Ras activation in fibroblasts treated with TPA plus W13

Evaluación Formativa y Compartida y Feedback: un ejemplo de buena práctica en Educación Física en la Formación Inicial del Profesorado

This research aimed to: (1) analyse how Formative and Shared Assessment helps students’ acquisition of competences according to their self-perception in Physical Education in Pre-service Teacher Education; and (2) verify how Formative and Shared Assessment systems help to improve students’ academic performance. A longitudinal study was carried out over five academic years with a sample of 401 students in a Physical Education subject in Early Childhood Pre-service Teacher Education. Three selfperception scales of student competences, an anonymous questionnaire on the assessment of the subject and the final report cards of the subject were used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out. The results show that there were significant differences in the self-perception of competences between the beginning and the end of the subject, mainly in those specific to physical education; both students’ and teachers’ satisfaction with the assessment was high and that the chosen assessment method seems to have a strong influence on students’ academic performance. Esta investigación tiene como objetivos: (1) analizar cómo la Evaluación Formativa y Compartida ayuda a la adquisición de competencias de los estudiantes según su autopercepción en Educación Física en la formación inicial del profesorado; y (2) comprobar cómo los sistemas de Evaluación Formativa y Compartida ayudan a mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Se realizó un estudio longitudinal durante cinco cursos académicos con una muestra de 401 estudiantes de una asignatura de Educación Física en el Grado de Maestro en Educación Infantil (formación inicial del profesorado). Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron tres escalas de autopercepción de las competencias de los alumnos, un cuestionario anónimo sobre la evaluación de la asignatura y los boletines de notas finales de la misma. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Los resultados muestran que hubo diferencias significativas en la autopercepción de las competencias entre el inicio y el final de la asignatura, principalmente en las específicas de educación física; que tanto la satisfacción de los estudiantes como la de los profesores con la evaluación fue alta y que el método de evaluación elegido parece tener una fuerte influencia en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.Actividad Física y Deport

Voces y prácticas enfermeras: evolución del pensamiento enfermero a través de sus protagonistas

Desde mediados del siglo XX Enfermería ha desarrollado un cuerpo de conocimientos propio que la ha situado, como una disciplina más, en el espacio general de la Ciencia. Los avances científico-técnicos y las transformaciones sociales del mundo contemporáneo han condicionado cambios importantes en los estilos de vida y nuevos requerimientos en relación a los procesos de salud, enfermedad y atención sanitaria. La Enfermería, la ciencia del cuidado de la vida, no ha quedado al margen de estos cambios y demandas. El desarrollo de teorías y modelos de enfermería durante este periodo ha condicionado transformaciones importantes en la profesión enfermera en todos los contextos mundiales. La evolución de la enfermería en España en los últimos 50 años ha sido el reflejo de estos desarrollos teóricos y metodológicos de la disciplina a nivel internacional, y de los procesos socioculturales, políticos y educativos específicos de la enfermería en el contexto nacional español. En este trabajo se pretende identificar los cambios en el pensamiento enfermero y en las prácticas y roles de la enfermería, a través de las narraciones de tres enfermeras que han ejercido su actividad asistencial en el ámbito hospitalario de la ciudad de Castellón (España) en diferentes periodos de la historia reciente. Para realizar este estudio cualitativo se han recogido los relatos de vida profesional de tres enfermeras hospitalarias de distintas generaciones para, a través sus voces, realizar un análisis comparativo de sus vivencias y percepciones que nos permita detectar cómo ha evolucionado y se ha transformado la enfermería en España en los últimos 50 años, y cómo el devenir sociohistórico de la profesión ha incidido en sus actores/as

La disponibilidad de glutamina regula diferentemente la formación de biofilms en streptococcus suis

Este estudio ha sido financiado por el proyecto ABC-VACCINESs de AEI PID2020-114617RB-100, enmarcado en el programa Retos de Investigación 2020.Publishe

The Development of the Bengamides as New Antibiotics against Drug-Resistant Bacteria

The bengamides comprise an interesting family of natural products isolated from sponges belonging to the prolific Jaspidae family. Their outstanding antitumor properties, coupled with their unique mechanism of action and unprecedented molecular structures, have prompted an intense research activity directed towards their total syntheses, analogue design, and biological evaluations for their development as new anticancer agents. Together with these biological studies in cancer research, in recent years, the bengamides have been identified as potential antibiotics by their impressive biological activities against various drug-resistant bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus. This review reports on the new advances in the chemistry and biology of the bengamides during the last years, paying special attention to their development as promising new antibiotics. Thus, the evolution of the bengamides from their initial exploration as antitumor agents up to their current status as antibiotics is described in detail, highlighting the manifold value of these marine natural products as valid hits in medicinal chemistry.Supported by grants RTI2018-098296-BI00 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación), PI19/01478 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (FEDER), P20_00540 (Andalusian Government and FEDER), K99GM138758 and R35GM136286 (National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health), A-CTS-666-UGR20 (University of Granada) (FEDER), CTS-107 (Andalusian Government) and 2021-GRIN-30998 (University of Castilla-La Mancha). Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Diet and SIRT1 Genotype Interact to Modulate Aging-Related Processes in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: From the CORDIOPREV Study

We investigated whether long-term consumption of two healthy diets (low-fat (LF) or Mediterranean (Med)) interacts with SIRT1 genotypes to modulate aging-related processes such as leucocyte telomere length (LTL), oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). LTL, inflammation, OxS markers (at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up) and SIRT1-Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs7069102 and rs1885472) were determined in patients from the CORDIOPREV study. We analyzed the genotype-marker interactions and the effect of diet on these interactions. Regardless of the diet, we observed LTL maintenance in GG-carriers for the rs7069102, in contrast to carriers of the minor C allele, where it decreased after follow-up (p = 0.001). The GG-carriers showed an increase in reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio (p = 0.003), lower lipid peroxidation products (LPO) levels (p < 0.001) and a greater decrease in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels (p < 0.001) after follow-up. After the LF diet intervention, the GG-carriers showed stabilization in LTL which was significant compared to the C allele subjects (p = 0.037), although the protective effects found for inflammation and OxS markers remained significant after follow-up with the two diets. Patients who are homozygous for the SIRT1-SNP rs7069102 (the most common genotype) may benefit from healthy diets, as suggested by improvements in OxS and inflammation in patients with CHD, which may indicate the slowing-down of the aging process and its related diseases

Interferon-alpha decreases cancer stem cell properties and modulates exosomes in malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma (MM) can spread to other organs and is resistant in part due to the presence of cancer stem cell subpopulations (CSCs). While a controversial high dose of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) has been used to treat non-metastatic high-risk melanoma, it comes with undesirable side effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of low and high doses of IFN-α on CSCs by analyzing ALDH activity, side population and specific surface markers in established and patient-derived primary cell lines. We also assessed the clonogenicity, migration and tumor initiation capacities of IFN-α treated CSCs. Additionally, we investigated genomic modulations related to stemness properties using microRNA sequencing and microarrays. The effect of IFN-α on CSCs-derived exosomes was also analyzed using NanoSight and liquid chromatography (LC-HRMS)-based metabolomic analysis, among others. Our results showed that even low doses of IFN-α reduced CSC formation and stemness properties, and led to a significant decrease in the ability to form tumors in mice xenotransplants. IFN-α also modulated the expression of genes and microRNAs involved in several cancer processes and metabolomics of released exosomes. Our work suggests the utility of low doses of interferon, combined with the analysis of metabolic biomarkers, as a potential clinical approach against the aggressiveness of CSCs in melanoma.This research was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU, projects noº MAT2015-62644.C2.2.R and RTI2018-101309-B-C2, FEDER Funds), by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PIE16-00045), by Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad de la Junta de Andalucía and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6109/UGR (UCE-PP2017-3), by Consejería de Salud y Familias de la Junta de Andalucía (projects noº PEMP0205-2020 FEDER funds), and by the Chair “Doctors Galera-Requena in cancer stem cell research” (CMC-CTS963). J.L.P. (Ref. FPU15/03682) acknowledge the MICIU for providing a PhD fellowship (FPU).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A plasma fatty acid profile associated to type 2 diabetes development: from the CORDIOPREV study

Purpose: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. For this reason, it is essential to identify biomarkers for the early detection of T2DM risk and/or for a better prognosis of T2DM. We aimed to identify a plasma fatty acid (FA) profile associated with T2DM development. Methods: We included 462 coronary heart disease patients from the CORDIOPREV study without T2DM at baseline. Of these, 107 patients developed T2DM according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnosis criteria after a median follow-up of 60 months. We performed a random classification of patients in a training set, used to build a FA Score, and a Validation set, in which we tested the FA Score. Results: FA selection with the highest prediction power was performed by random survival forest in the Training set, which yielded 4 out of the 24 FA: myristic, petroselinic, α-linolenic and arachidonic acids. We built a FA Score with the selected FA and observed that patients with a higher score presented a greater risk of T2DM development, with an HR of 3.15 (95% CI 2.04–3.37) in the Training set, and an HR of 2.14 (95% CI 1.50–2.84) in the Validation set, per standard deviation (SD) increase. Moreover, patients with a higher FA Score presented lower insulin sensitivity and higher hepatic insulin resistance (p < 0.05). Conclusión: Our results suggest that a detrimental FA plasma profile precedes the development of T2DM in patients with coronary heart disease, and that this FA profile can, therefore, be used as a predictive biomarker