Análisis del contenido argumentativo en un corpus de ensayos en inglés

El objetivo general del proyecto “Análisis del contenido argumentativo en un corpus de ensayos en inglés” como el título lo sugiere, analizar el contenido de los argumentos en el discurso mediante la comparación y contraste de ensayos escritos por los alumnos, para obtener un modelo de referencia en el contexto la argumentación. Para empezar a discutir un modelo argumentativo, es importante saber primero qué es un argumento. Van Dijk (1978) lo define como un diálogo persuasivo, cuyo objetivo es convencer al receptor de la credibilidad de la aseveración propuesta. Para ser consistente, todo argumento debe incluir enunciados aceptables, razonamientos válidos y un esquema argumentativo apropiado y correcto. Díaz (2009) identifica seis elementos, de los cuales tres son obligatorios y tres opcionales. Los obligatorios son: punto de vista o conclusión (P), fundamentación (F), y garante (G). Los opcionales, aunque no menos importantes, son: condicionamiento de la conclusión (Cd), concesión (K) y refutación (R).Como veremos, estos elementos provienen del análisis de las corrientes de la argumentación

Building BASTA

Before the scandal broke there were plenty of Bell residents that felt something was really wrong with city government. The residents of Bell had no real proof. Getting information was nearly impossible, but there were signs that something was wrong. For example, how does a councilmember from a working class community, where the median income was $30,000 a year, afford to drive around in a$100,000 Mercedes Benz -- when his main source of income was a small corner market? Or, why did property taxes continue to increase, but services continued to decline? And, why did so many Latino teenagers get pulled over and have their cars impounded for the slightest infractions, such as expired tags or a broken tail light, and then had to pay nearly $1,000 in fines and impound fees to get their cars back? Several community members had tried to find out councilmembers’ and top administrators’ salaries, and had also asked questions about how bond money was being spent, but had failed to get any answers. Every request for public records was rejected by the city attorney. To get that information they would have to sue the city using the Public Records Act. Some residents knew that if they sued, they would likely win, but no attorneys would help file the lawsuit without a retainer of at least$10,000. No one in Bell had that type of money lying around. Some residents had reached out to major news media outlets, including the Los Angeles Times, but no one ever wanted to follow up on the lead

The initial public offering of high-technology firms: female executive managers and innovation

This study addresses how gender diversity in management teams influences the success of the IPO of research-intensive firms, and how critical indicators of innovation capabilities for those types of firms can mediate the gender effect

Hepatotoxic Cyanobacterial Blooms in Louisiana\u27s Estuaries: Analysis of Risk to Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) Following Exposure to Microcystins

The most common toxins detected following freshwater harmful algal blooms are microcystins, a group of hepatotoxins produced by cyanobacteria (e.g., Microcystis and Anabaena spp.). Preference for filter-feeding prey, including bivalves, makes the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, vulnerable to microcystin contamination and makes the commercially important crab a potential vector of microcystins. I used a combination of field and laboratory studies to determine blue crab vulnerability to microcystin contamination and consequent impacts on crab physiology. Samples collected from a hyper-eutrophic freshwater lake, Lac des Allemands, Louisiana, were analyzed for cyanobacterial abundances and microcystins in surface water and blue crabs using light-microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Alternating blooms of Microcystis and Anabaena spp. occurred throughout the sampling period. Highest microcystins concentration in surface water (1.42 &181;g/l) was above tolerable daily intake (TDI) guidelines set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Highest microcystin concentrations in crab tissue were 820, 65, and 105 &181;g microcystins/ kg in hepatopancreas, viscera, and muscle, respectively, which were close to or exceeding the WHO-TDI guidelines. The study demonstrated the ability of Microcystis and Anabaena blooms to produce toxins that accumulate in blue crab tissues and are possibly transferred to higher level consumers, including humans. Laboratory studies were aimed at understanding distributions and physiological effects of two microcystin congeners, microcystin-LR and -RR, in orally exposed blue crabs. Crabs administered 0, 10, 100, 500, or 1000 &181;g microcystin/kg of crab body weight of either congener were sacrificed 48-hours following exposure. Using ELISA, microcystins were detected in hepatopancreas and viscera, but not in muscle or hypodermis for both microcystin-LR and -RR exposed crabs. There was significant correlation between microcystin-LR uptake in hepatopancreas and crab weight loss after 48-hours (P\u3c0.050). In crabs administered daily doses of 50 &181;g microcystin-RR/kg of crab body weight for 7-days, significant (P\u3c0.050) accumulation was seen in hepatopancreas and viscera, but not in muscle, hypodermis, or gills. Lipid hydroperoxides in hepatopancreas were significantly (P\u3c0.050) altered following exposure, indicating oxidative stress. These studies indicate that natural populations of blue crabs may be subjected to physiological stress following microcystin accumulation

Compensation and speed of advancement in executive careers through the internal and external labor markets by gender

Our study aims at exploring whether internal and external moves have a different impact on the speed of advancement in executive careers, identifying gender differences in the influence of both mobility routes and understanding the impact of speed on compensation inequality.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Survival of the firm and territory.

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el riesgo de mortalidad empresarial. Para ello, en una muestra de más de 11.741 empresas pertenecientes al sector textil-confección se ha estudiado, junto con otros factores, la influencia de la proximidad geográfica (efecto distrito) y la actividad productiva principal (efecto subsector) en la supervivencia de las empresas textiles españolas. Desde un punto de vista teórico-práctico esta industria es especialmente relevante para realizar ese tipo de estudios al menos por dos motivos: 1) porque después de la liberalización del comercio textil se ha visto inmersa en una profunda crisis en las economías más desarrolladas, y 2) porque tiende a agruparse geográficamente en torno a clusters o distritos industriales. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que el riesgo de mortalidad empresarial se ve reducido por aspectos relativos a la empresa como la antigüedad y el subsector de actividad y, bajo determinadas circunstancias, por la localización en un distrito industrial. PALABRAS CLAVE: mortalidad empresarial, textil, distrito industrial