The PAPAGENO Parallel-Parser Generator

The increasing use of multicore processors has deeply transformed computing paradigms and applications. The wide availability of multicore systems had an impact also in the field of compiler technology, although the research on deterministic parsing did not prove to be effective in exploiting the architectural advantages, the main impediment being the inherent sequential nature of traditional LL and LR algorithms. We present PAPAGENO, an automated parser generator relying on operator precedence grammars. We complemented the PAPAGENO-generated parallel parsers with parallel lexing techniques, obtaining near-linear speedups on multicore machines, and the same speed as Bison parsers on sequential execution

Учебная история болезни по внутренним болезням и военно-полевой терапии

ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИВОЕННО-ПОЛЕВАЯ ТЕРАПИЯИСТОРИЯ БОЛЕЗНИМЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯМетодические указания учат студентов правильно оформлять историю болезни пациента

Synthesis of accelerograms compatible with the Chinese GB 50011-2001 design spectrum via harmonic wavelets: artificial and historic records

A versatile approach is employed to generate artificial accelerograms which satisfy the compatibility criteria prescribed by the Chinese aseismic code provisions GB 50011-2001. In particular, a frequency dependent peak factor derived by means of appropriate Monte Carlo analyses is introduced to relate the GB 50011-2001 design spectrum to a parametrically defined evolutionary power spectrum (EPS). Special attention is given to the definition of the frequency content of the EPS in order to accommodate the mathematical form of the aforementioned design spectrum. Further, a one-to-one relationship is established between the parameter controlling the time-varying intensity of the EPS and the effective strong ground motion duration. Subsequently, an efficient auto-regressive moving-average (ARMA) filtering technique is utilized to generate ensembles of non-stationary artificial accelerograms whose average response spectrum is in a close agreement with the considered design spectrum. Furthermore, a harmonic wavelet based iterative scheme is adopted to modify these artificial signals so that a close matching of the signals’ response spectra with the GB 50011-2001 design spectrum is achieved on an individual basis. This is also done for field recorded accelerograms pertaining to the May, 2008 Wenchuan seismic event. In the process, zero-phase high-pass filtering is performed to accomplish proper baseline correction of the acquired spectrum compatible artificial and field accelerograms. Numerical results are given in a tabulated format to expedite their use in practice

Size Doesn't Matter: Towards a More Inclusive Philosophy of Biology

notes: As the primary author, O’Malley drafted the paper, and gathered and analysed data (scientific papers and talks). Conceptual analysis was conducted by both authors.publication-status: Publishedtypes: ArticlePhilosophers of biology, along with everyone else, generally perceive life to fall into two broad categories, the microbes and macrobes, and then pay most of their attention to the latter. ‘Macrobe’ is the word we propose for larger life forms, and we use it as part of an argument for microbial equality. We suggest that taking more notice of microbes – the dominant life form on the planet, both now and throughout evolutionary history – will transform some of the philosophy of biology’s standard ideas on ontology, evolution, taxonomy and biodiversity. We set out a number of recent developments in microbiology – including biofilm formation, chemotaxis, quorum sensing and gene transfer – that highlight microbial capacities for cooperation and communication and break down conventional thinking that microbes are solely or primarily single-celled organisms. These insights also bring new perspectives to the levels of selection debate, as well as to discussions of the evolution and nature of multicellularity, and to neo-Darwinian understandings of evolutionary mechanisms. We show how these revisions lead to further complications for microbial classification and the philosophies of systematics and biodiversity. Incorporating microbial insights into the philosophy of biology will challenge many of its assumptions, but also give greater scope and depth to its investigations

National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = −0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics.publishedVersio

PAPAGENO: A Parallel Parser Generator for Operator Precedence Grammars

In almost all language processing applications, languages are parsed employing classical algorithms (such as the LR(1) parsers generated by Bison), which are sequential due to their left-to-right state-dependent nature. Although early theoretical studies on parallel parsing algorithms delineated potential speed- ups on abstract parallel machines using a data-parallel approach, practical devel- opments have not materialized, except in recent experiments on ad hoc parsers for large XML files. We describe a general-purpose practical generator (PA- PAGENO) able to produce efficient deterministic parallel parsers, which exhibit significant speedups when parsing large texts on modern multi-core machines, while not penalizing sequential operation. The generated parser relies on the properties of Floyd’s operator precedence grammars, to provide a naturally paral- lel implementation of the parsing process. Parsing of each text portion proceeds in parallel and independently, without communication and synchronization, until all partial parse stacks are recombined into the final result. Since Floyd’s grammars can express most syntaxes with little adaptation, we have performed extensive ex- periments, on both synthetically generated texts and real JSON documents. The effective parallel code portion in the generated parsers exceeds 80% for most of the tested scenarios

Parallel parsing of operator precedence grammars

Operator precedence grammars, introduced by Floyd several decades ago, enjoy properties that make them very attractive to face problems and to exploit technologies highly relevant in these days. In this paper we focus on their local parsability property, i.e., the fact that any substring s of a longer one x.s. y can be parsed independently of its context without the risk of invalidating the partial parsing when analyzing another portion of the whole string. We exploit this distinguishing property by developing parallel algorithms and suggest its further application to error recovery and incremental analysis. Great savings in terms of computational complexity are theoretically proved and have been reached in practice by first prototype tools

Accesibilidad y turismo, ¿un binomio posible en cualquier recurso patrimonial? El caso de los mercados de abastos

[spa] La discapacidad como variable no depende exclusivamente de la persona que la padece, sino también del ambiente y organización social en la que vive y en el caso turístico del entorno que va a visitar (Bieles, 2008). En los destinos maduros la adaptación está siendo lenta y no se da siempre del mismo modo en todas las infraestructuras y recursos turísticos del destino que se visita. En estas últimas décadas los mercados de abastos se han añadido como un recurso más a ser visitado por los turistas, pero, ¿puede todos los turistas visitarlos? Uno de los objetivos principales en el ámbito turístico radica en dotar a las infraestructuras y a los recursos patrimoniales de las estructuras necesarias para poder ejercer el derecho de 'turismo para todos'. En este estudio se han escogido dos ciudades: Barcelona y Palma de Mallorca y sus mercados de abastos. El objetivo es poder entender cómo se convierten en recursos turísticos y ver si la premisa 'turismo para todos' también se cumple en estos espacios pensados inicialmente como elementos funcionales y que sirven actualmente como un aporte patrimonial turístico más en las ciudades