Afeto, memória, luta, participação e sentidos de comunidade

O texto tem como objetivo central promover uma discussão acerca da produção dos sentidos de comunidade a partir dos afetos, da memória coletiva e da luta comunitária, considerando diferentes formas de participação social e seus elementos potencializadores. Utiliza de forma ilustrativa para a discussão duas experiências distintas (um grupo de integrantes de uma OnG e um grupo de pescadores artesanais). A reflexão se conduz em torno das potências comunitárias geradas, evidenciadas e fortalecidas pelos processos grupais de produção de sentidos de comunidade. As experiências de afetos, das memórias individuais e coletivas, das lutas, das intrigas e desavenças, das coesões e das coerções, da cotidianidade e da participação social apoiam a produção de movimentos coletivos – não sem embates e enfrentamentos internos. A perspectiva da comunidade é compreendida a partir da inevitável correlação de forças que atuam em um coletivo, produzindo tensões, negociações, convergências e divergências, aglutinações duradouras e temporárias. Os sentidos de comunidade, portanto, se compõem a partir da permeabilidade e fluidez do grupo, por um lado, e da coesão e força, por outro, favorecendo a identificação de problemas em comum e a luta coletiva por soluções

Occurrence of Sturnira tildae De La Torre, 1959 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in the state of Maranhão, Brazil

The bat genus Sturnira is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, from northwestern Mexico to northern Argentina, and four species occur in Brazil: Sturnira lilium, Sturnira giannae, Sturnira magna, and Sturnira tildae. The present study is the first to record Sturnira tildae in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, based on morphological and molecular diagnoses. The specimen was identified based on its cranial and morphometric traits. The diagnostic traits include discreetly bilobed inner upper incisors with a broad base, lower first and second molars with lingual cusps separated by shallow grooves, and forearm longer than 45 mm. The molecular sequences of Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI) and 16S rRNA genes confirmed the morphological identification and thus the occurrence of Sturnira tildae in the Amazon biome of Maranhão. This record represents an eastward extension of the known distribution of the species in the Amazonia, to Cândido Mendes, Maranhão, within an area dominated by dense rainforest and influenced by tides

A interação na construção do sujeito e da prática da terapia ocupacional

This study aims to discuss the power of the interaction and its gestural niceties as triggering of structured actions, in Occupational Therapy practice, in light of the brief framework exposure by Maturana and Varela about the collective meeting and autopoiesis; and by Leroi-Gourhan about operational chains. In order to illustrate the discussion that seeks to undertake, diary excerpts field, built during the stage of occupational therapy service in a special social protection directed to homeless population in the city of Santos/SP, were used. From this theoretical and practical articulation, sees the meeting as a possible and valid interventional strategy. Based on the discussions developed in this study, it was concluded that the interaction is powerful source ofnew ways of acting in the world, contributes to the empowerment of the individual, the collective organization of wills and triggering of planned interventions.O presente estudo se dispõe a discutir a potência da interação e suas sutilezas gestuais como disparadoras de ações estruturadas, na prática profi ssional em Terapia Ocupacional, à luz da breve exposição dos referenciais formulados por Maturana e Varela sobre a autopoiese e o encontro coletivo; e de Leroi-Gourhan sobre cadeias operatórias. A fim de ilustrar a discussão que se busca empreender, foram utilizados trechos do diário de campo, construído durante o estágio de terapia ocupacional em um serviço de proteção social especial, direcionado à população em situação de rua, na cidade de Santos/SP. A partir desta articulação teoria e prática, vê-se o encontro como uma estratégia interventiva possível e válida. Com base nas discussões desenvolvidas neste trabalho, conclui-se que a interação é fonte potente de novas formas de agir no mundo, contribui para o empoderamento do sujeito, a organização coletiva de vontades e disparadora de intervenções planejadas

First record of Eumops glaucinus (Wager, 1843) (Chiroptera, Molossidae) to the Brazilian state of Maranhão

The study provides the first record of Eumops glaucinus in the Maranhão state, located in the northern region of Brazil. The collected specimen was a non-lactating adult female, with grayish pelage, broad ears, smooth face, a well-developed and squarish tragus, and elongated snout. The combined analysis of the morphological and molecular data (COI, Cyt b, and rRNA 16S genes) confirmed the occurrence of E. glaucinus in the state of Maranhão. This record extends the known species range area by 660 km easternward from the closest locality, Belém, Pará

The Continuing Distance Education Program M@tmídias: Contributions to the teaching of trigonometry

This article presents a clipping of research on a Continuing Distance Learning Program for 600 High School Math Teachers working in public schools of São Paulo state, Brazil. The formative Program entitled M@tmídias aimed to discuss the use of Learning Objects in the Mathematics teaching process. The research objective was to identify contributions of the use of technology for teaching Trigonometry. The theoretical base was developed by Imbernón’s ideas on continuing teachers’ education, as well as the ones of Mishra and Koehler regarding pedagogical technological content knowledge (TPACK). The research was documentary, and the methodological procedures were: 1) Collection of curricula documents and historical data of the investigated Program; 2) Selection and organisation of materials related to the Trigonometry content, stored in the Program VLE; 3) Treatment and data analysis. The analysis was interpretative and of content, according to Bardin. As a result, in the M@tmídias Program’s historical documents, it was verified that all the Mathematics contents from the High School curriculum of São Paulo State were discussed and, in the first module of the course M@tmídias 2, Trigonometry was studied. Evidence of participants' construction was verified of mathematical content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and technological content knowledge, showing possibilities to the construction of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) of the participants

Histological aspects of the mucosa of the spermaceti chamber of a dwarf sperm whale

O sistema de produção sonora do cachalote-anão (Kogia sima) apresenta uma complexa estrutura anatômica composta por melão, espermacete, lábios fônicos, “vocal cap”, “case”, papilas, câmara do espermacete e outros espaços aéreos, além de músculos faciais envolvidos na produção sonora. A câmara do espermacete localiza-se na porção caudal da pré-maxila, apresentando parte de sua mucosa recoberta por estruturas esférico-ovaladas de aproximadamente 1 a 2 mm de diâmetro, compatíveis com vesículas (previamente denominadas “papilas”). Ao exame macroscópico de um espécime de K. sima encalhado no litoral de Santos (sudeste da costa brasileira), foi identificada mucosa esbranquiçada e firme ao corte, ampla e irregularmente distribuída na porção pré-maxilar da câmara do espermacete. Ao exame microscópico foram observadas vesículas compostas por abundante tecido conectivo de colágeno tipo I, dando origem a um espaço interno ou cavidade, contendo pequena quantidade de substância eosinófila, compatível com fluido mucoprotêico. Estruturas glandulares foram observadas em tecido conjuntivo na base das vesículas, provavelmente responsáveis pela produção do fluido observado no interior das mesmas. Esse estudo caracteriza histologicamente a mucosa da câmara do espermacete de um espécime de K. sima e as glândulas relacionadas a sua produção secretória.The sound producing apparatus of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) presents a complex anatomic structure composed of melon, spermaceti, phonic lips, vocal cap, case, papillae, spermaceti chamber and other airspaces, as well as facial muscles involved in sound production. The spermaceti chamber rests on the caudal portion of the premaxilla, with part of its mucosa covered with spherical/oval-shaped structures (approximately 1 to 2 mm in diameter), compatible with vesicles (previously referred to as “papillae”). Macroscopical examination revealed whitish, firm, widely and irregularly distributed vesicular mucosa on the premaxillary portion of the spermaceti chamber of a K. sima specimen stranded on the coast of Santos (southeastern Brazilian coast). Upon microscopic examination, walls of connective tissue with abundant type I collagen forming vesicles with an internal space or cavity filled with a small amount of eosinophilic substance compatible with mucoproteic fluid were observed. The base of such vesicles presented glands within the connective tissue, probably responsible for fluid production. This study describes the histology of the mucosa of the spermaceti chamber of a K. sima specimen and characterizes the glands associated with fluid production.

Chemical composition and biological activities of mono- and heterofloral bee pollen of different geographical origins

Recent research shows variations in pollen chemical constituents and, consequently, in their therapeutic properties. Mono and multifloral bee pollen extracts were investigated for antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity properties, phenolic compounds and fatty acid composition. Generally, Eucalyptus spp. and multifloral extracts exhibited potent inhibitory activity against -amylase, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, lipoxygenase, lipase and hyaluronidase. On the other hand, Miconia spp. demonstrated higher antihemolytic activity. Cocos nucifera and Miconia spp. extracts exhibited important antioxidant properties in the different assays (ABTS, DPPH, -carotene/linoleic acid and reducing power). Moreover, these extracts had greater amounts of total phenols and flavonoids in comparison to others. The increase in antioxidant activity (decrease in EC50 values) was accompanied by an increase in the amount of total phenols in the extracts. The pollen extracts contained linoleic acid and -linolenic acid as major fatty acids, followed by palmitic acid, and oleic acid. In this study, differences were observed in both chemical constituents and biological activities of the samples related to the geographical and botanical origin of bee pollen.We thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-CAPES) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-CNPq) for a scholarship granted to Jucilene Silva Araújo (CAPES), for a research scholarship granted to Carlos Alfredo Lopes de Carvalho (CNPq), financial support for the project and scholarship (CAPES) granted to Emerson Dechechi Chambó, Leticia M. Estevinho and Samira Maria Peixoto Cavalcante da Silva. We thank beekeeper Márcio Brazil for the pollen samples. This work was supported by the strategic programmer UID/BIA/04050/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569) funded by national funds through the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal and by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psicossociologia com comunidades: abordagens sentipensantes como emergência na América Latina

En el campo de la Psicosociología se aboga por la reorientación de los procesos intervencionistas, así como por formulaciones psicosociológicas acordes con las exigencias de la situación actual. A través de una revisión bibliográfica, el artículo pretende ensayar perspectivas teóricas y conceptuales sobre los caminos latinoamericanos tomados por Maritza Montero, Maria Inácia D’Ávila Neto, Ignacio Martín-Baró, Paulo Freire y Orlando Fals Borda. Visualizamos la propuesta de un marco donde la Psicosociología no sería una ciencia “de” comunidades, sino más bien “con” comunidades porque se compromete a crear conexiones entre lo individual-psicológico-singular-subjetivo con lo colectivo-social-popular-político, con el fin de abarcar las diferentes influencias existentes en las interacciones comunitarias. Por ello, este trabajo propone reflexionar sobre una lógica contrahegemónica y descolonizante al caminar por senderos suleadoras, sentipensantes y liberadores. En este sentido, reforzamos una “Psicosociología con comunidades” debe buscar fortalecer los encuentros y promover confluencias, engendrando procesos de producción colectiva de conocimiento contextualizado y crítico sobre las realidades comunitarias

Psicossociologia com comunidades: abordagens sentipensantes como emergência na América Latina

En el campo de la Psicosociología se aboga por la reorientación de los procesos intervencionistas, así como por formulaciones psicosociológicas acordes con las exigencias de la situación actual. A través de una revisión bibliográfica, el artículo pretende ensayar perspectivas teóricas y conceptuales sobre los caminos latinoamericanos tomados por Maritza Montero, Maria Inácia D’Ávila Neto, Ignacio Martín-Baró, Paulo Freire y Orlando Fals Borda. Visualizamos la propuesta de un marco donde la Psicosociología no sería una ciencia “de” comunidades, sino más bien “con” comunidades porque se compromete a crear conexiones entre lo individual-psicológico-singular-subjetivo con lo colectivo-social-popular-político, con el fin de abarcar las diferentes influencias existentes en las interacciones comunitarias. Por ello, este trabajo propone reflexionar sobre una lógica contrahegemónica y descolonizante al caminar por senderos suleadoras, sentipensantes y liberadores. En este sentido, reforzamos una “Psicosociología con comunidades” debe buscar fortalecer los encuentros y promover confluencias, engendrando procesos de producción colectiva de conocimiento contextualizado y crítico sobre las realidades comunitarias

The Burden Of Eclampsia: Results From A Multicenter Study On Surveillance Of Severe Maternal Morbidity In Brazil.

Maternal mortality (MM) is a core indicator of disparities in women's rights. The study of Near Miss cases is strategic to identifying the breakdowns in obstetrical care. In absolute numbers, both MM and occurrence of eclampsia are rare events. We aim to assess the obstetric care indicators and main predictors for severe maternal outcome from eclampsia (SMO: maternal death plus maternal near miss). Secondary analysis of a multicenter, cross-sectional study, including 27 centers from all geographic regions of Brazil, from 2009 to 2010. 426 cases of eclampsia were identified and classified according to the outcomes: SMO and non-SMO. We classified facilities as coming from low- and high-income regions and calculated the WHO's obstetric health indicators. SPSS and Stata softwares were used to calculate the prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess maternal characteristics, clinical and obstetrical history, and access to health services as predictors for SMO, subsequently correlating them with the corresponding perinatal outcomes, also applying multiple regression analysis (adjusted for cluster effect). Prevalence of and mortality indexes for eclampsia in higher and lower income regions were 0.2%/0.8% and 8.1%/22%, respectively. Difficulties in access to health care showed that ICU admission (adjPR 3.61; 95% CI 1.77-7.35) and inadequate monitoring (adjPR 2.31; 95% CI 1.48-3.59) were associated with SMO. Morbidity and mortality associated with eclampsia were high in Brazil, especially in lower income regions. Promoting quality maternal health care and improving the availability of obstetric emergency care are essential actions to relieve the burden of eclampsia.9e9740