'Silence bleeds': Hamlet across borders : The Shakespearean Adaptations of Sulayman Al-Bassam

Original article can be found at: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713734315~db=all Copyright Informa / Taylor and FrancisThis article addresses the writing and performance work of Anglo-Kuwaiti director Sulayman Al-Bassam, tracing the development of his various adaptations of Shakespeare's Hamlet into English and Arabic 'cross-cultural' versions between 2001 and 2007. Al-Bassam's work presents English as a 'language in translation'. His works move from early modern to modern English, from Arabized English to Arabic, from one linguistic and geographical location to another, their forms moulded and remoulded by complex cultural pressures. The study focuses on specific examples from three adaptations to show in practice how in these works English is 'constantly crossed, challenged and contested'Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

К вопросу построения малогабаритных фильтров для телекоммуникационных систем

В данной работе рассмотрены результаты численного моделирования фильтра, основанного на двух LC- резонаторах в сочетании с коаксиальными линиями. Все элементы фильтра интегрированы в подложку, причем предлагается новый метод интеграции, в котором необходим, только один слой печатной платы. Кроме того, он не требует высокого разрешения травления металлических слоев. Такой метод построения основан на внедрении емкостных проводников в виде сосредоточенных конденсаторов или разомкнутого коаксиального шлейфа

Fibroblast-dependent cell invasion is regulated by β1-dependent modulation of RhoA activity.

<p>(A) Example confocal images of cells plated in cell-derived matrices (CDM) and stained for phalloidin-Alexa488 (green) and (P)MLC-Alexa568 (red). Bottom panels show (P)MLC channel only. Scale bars are 10 µm. (B) Example confocal images of organotypic cultures stained with antibodies to (P)MLC (left panels). MDA MB 231 (GFP) cells are shown in right panels. Scale bars are 50 µm. (C) Example projected images of >15 confocal z-slices of control or knockdown cells expressing GFP-lifeact. Scale bars are 10 µm. (D) Quantification of protrusion area as a function of total cell area calculated from images as in (C). Bars represent mean % protrusion area per cell +/−SEM from 50 cells over 3 independent experiments. ** = p<0.01, * = p<0.005. (E) Quantification of invasion of shCon cells or β 1kd cells expressing ROCK or p190RhoGEF in organotypic assays in the absence of HDF (as in (B). Bars represent invasion index+/−SEM from 25 images over 2 independent experiments. ** = p<0.01, * = p<0.005.</p

Enhanced invasion in β1-silenced cells is regulated by attenuated FAK activity.

<p>(A) Western blot of lysates from specified cells either untreated or treated with 1 µM PF228 (FAK inhibitor) for 2 hours. Blot is probed for active (P-397) or total FAK. GAPDH serves as a loading control. Numbers below represent average active FAK levels as a % of control as quantified by densitometry from 4 independent experiments +/−SEM. (B) Western blot of lysates from shCon or β1kd cells treated with vehicle control or PF-228 at 100 nM (FAKi) and probed for P-FAK (Y-397) or total FAK. (C) Example images of shCon or β1kd cells expressing FAK FERM FRET biosensor embedded in 3D gels. Images in left panel show F-actin (phalloidin) and right panels show FRET efficiency heatmaps according to pseudocolour scale bar indicated. Graph shows quantification of >30 cells per specified condition. Bars represent mean FRET efficiency+/−SEM across 5 independent experiments. ** = p<0.01, * = p<0.005. (D) Quantification of protrusion area/cell of control or β1kd cells expressing GFP-lifeact and embedded in 3D gels. Cells were treated with DMSO or PF228 at 100 nM prior to analysis. Bars represent mean+/−SEM of 45 cells each over 2 experiments. * = p<0.01 (E) Quantification of invasion of specified cells into 3D gels treated with DMSO (vehicle control) or PF-228 at specified concentrations. Bars represent mean+/−SEM or 35 images across 3 independent experiments. ** = p<0.01, * = p<0.05.</p

Silencing β3 integrins results in increased fibroblast-dependent cell invasion.

<p>(A) Example phase contrast images from time-lapse movies of specified cells plated on fibronectin or CDM. Graph shows quantification of migration speed from time-lapse movies of cells on specified ECM proteins. Bars are mean speed (μm/min) +/− SEM, n =  at least 110 cells over 3 independent experiments. (B) Example fluorescence confocal images of organotypic cultures either containing human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) or not. MDA MB 231 cells are represented in green (blue  =  DAPI). Scale bars are 50μm. Graph shows quantification of invasion of cells in organotypic cultures. Bars represent mean invasion index +/− SEM from at least 40 different images per cell type over 4 independent experiments. *  =  p<0.01 throughout compared to equivalent control values. (C) Analysis of metastasis of control or β1kd cells in nude mice. MDA-MB-231 cells were pre-labeled with fluorescent cell trackers and intravenously injected (5×10⁵ green and 5×10⁵ red cells together) into mice. After 48 hours the cells remaining in the vasculature were stained with mouse anti-human HLA-antibody for 5 min. Cells from one lung per mouse were isolated, stained with Alexa-647 secondary antibody and quantified based on fluorescence. Results are expressed as (mean±SEM) percentage of specified cells from all cells isolated (n = 10 mice; *, p = 0.05).</p

β1 and β3 integrins differentially contribute to RhoA activation during invasion.

<p>(A) Z-projections of >25 confocal z-stack images of specified cells expressing GFP-lifeact embedded in 3D ECM gels. Scale bar is 10 µm. Graphs show mean cell area and % of cell area occupied by membrane protrusions quantified from reconstructed confocal z-stack images of GFP-lifeact cells as shown. At least 35 cells quantified for each, error bars are SEM. * denotes p<0.01. (B) Example images and quantification of FRET analysis of RhoA activation in each cell type. Cells cultured in 3D gels either in presence or absence of human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Bars show mean FRET efficiency (%) +/−SEM, n =  24 for each over 3 independent experiments. (D) Quantification of RhoA activation using analysis of RhoA FRET biosensor in control cells treated with control or integrin function blocking antibodies (left graph) or integrin knockdown cells plated in 3D gels in the presence of control media or conditioned media from human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Bars are mean FRET efficiency +/−SEM, n = 30 cells over 3 independent experiments. * = p<0.01.</p