Creative thinking and design

A criatividade, uma qualidade que vem sendo revalorizada, principalmente no âmbito da formação de equipes de trabalho trabalho, mostra-se ainda como um ponto de tensão no campo do design. Ao mesmo tempo em que é entendida como elemento fundamental para os processos de design, a criatividade ainda é mistificada pela maior parte dos designers como algo indecifrável e inatingível. Assim, este artigo faz uma aproximação entre a concepção jungiana sobre criatividade, advinda da área da psicologia, e os processos de design. Somando-se a isso, são destacadas algumas ferramentas e técnicas sobre criatividade, as quais podem contribuir com a atividade do designer.Abstract: The creativity is a quality that has been revalued, especially in the training of work teams work, but still shows up as a point of tension in the design field. While it is understood as a fundamental element for the design process, creativity is still mystified by most designers as something indecipherable and unattainable. This article makes a connection between the Jungian concept of creativity and design process, highlighting some tools and techniques on creativity, which may contribute to the activity designer

Performance of sheep grazing Panicum maximum cv. Massai and supplemented with protein sources during the dry season

The low quality of tropical grasses in the dry season justifies the use of dietary supplements to meet the nutritional needs of sheep. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with high-protein feed on mutton sheep performance and yield in Massai grass pastures during the dry season. The treatments corresponded to four supplements, namely Leucaena leucocephala leaf hay, Gliricidia sepium leaf hay, soybean meal, and a treatment that received only multiple mixture (protein salt) ad libitum. The pasture was evaluated for canopy height, forage supply, and chemical composition of leaf blade, stem and dead material. Average daily gain, weight gain per area, and the stocking rate were also evaluated. There were four grazing cycles because the grazing method was rotational stocking with seven days of occupation and 35 days of rest. The interaction between supplements and grazing cycles was not significant, and no effects of the supplements were found for any of the variables. The highest forage and leaf blade offerings were observed in the first grazing cycle. The highest levels of crude protein and lower neutral detergent fibre and lignin of pasture components were observed in cycles 3 and 4. The highest average daily gains per animal and per area were observed in cycles 1 and 2. Protein supplementation of sheep in Massai grass pastures promotes satisfactory gains during the dry season, and Leucaena and Gliricidia hays can be used as protein sources instead of soybean meal. Keywords: Gliricidia sepium, leguminous, Leucaena leucocephala, pastur

Anadenanthera colubrina vell brenan : anti-candida and antibiofilm activities, toxicity and therapeutical action

We evaluated the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of bark from Anadenanthera colubrina (vell.) Brenan, known as Angico, against Candida spp. Antifungal activity was evaluated using the microdilution technique through the Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicide Concentrations (MIC and MFC). The antibiofilm potential was tested in mature biofilms formed by Candida species and analyzed through the counting of CFU/mL and scanning electron micrograph (SEM). In vivo toxicity and therapeutic action was evaluated in the Galleria mellonella model. The treatment with the extract, in low doses, was able to reduce the growth of planktonic cells of Candida species. MIC values range between 19.5 and 39 µg/mL and MFC values range between 79 and 625 µg/mL. In addition was able to reduce the number of CFU/mL in biofilms and to cause structural alteration and cellular destruction, observed via SEM. A. colubrina showed low toxicity in the in vivo assay, having not affected the viability of the larvae at doses below 100mg/kg and high potential in the treatment of C. albicans infection. Considering its high antifungal potential, its low toxicity and potential to treatment of infections in in vivo model, A. colubrina extract is a strong candidate for development of a new agent for the treatment of oral candidiasis33CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ552562/2011-

Water intake in sheeps fed different levles of prickly pear (Opuntia Ficus Indica) in Brazil

En 45 ovinos machos Santa Inés (peso vivo medio de 27,50 ± 0, 48 kg) se evaluó el consumo de agua, al consumir raciones con niveles crecientes (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) de nopal (Opuntia fícus indica Mill) en sustitución al maíz molido. El diseño fue en bloques al azar con nueve repeticiones. El consumo de materia seca respondió de modo cuadrático, perjudicando el peso final, que disminuyó, con el aumento del nopal en la dieta. Aumentó el consumo de materia natural disminuyendo el de agua, el consumo total de agua aumentó en el tratamiento con mayor cantidad de nopal. La relación de consumos: agua voluntaria/ materia seca, disminuyó al aumentar el nopal. El nopal constituye una reserva de agua para ovinos Santa Inés en condiciones semiáridas de Brasil.The water intake in 45 male (27.50 ± 0.48 kg of mena body weight) Santa Ines sheep fed with increasing levels (0, 25, 50, 75, 100% DM basis) of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica Mill) to replace corn was studied. A completely randomized block design with nine replications per treatment was used. Quadratic behavior was observed for the intake of dry matter, hitting the final weight, which decreased with increasing the cactus in the diet. There was an increase in the intake of natural material and a decrease in voluntary water intake; total water intake increased, and the ratio of intakes: water/dry matter, decreased in the treatment with larger cactus proportion. The pryckly pear constitues a water reservoir for Santa Inês sheep in Brazilian semiarid conditions

Histology of the skin of the blanca serrana goat bred in different production systems

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la piel de caprinos de raza Blanca Serrana Andaluza, criados en sistemas de producción intensivo y extensivo. Fueron sacrificados 31 animales de la raza Blanca Serrana Andaluza (16 en extensivo y 15 en intensivo) con 20 kg de peso vivo. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (p0,05) entre los dos sistemas de producción analizados. Las características de la piel de los chivos revelaron pieles de primera calida

Lymphocyte ceruloplasmin and Behçet's disease

Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology. However, it has been postulated that a dysregulation of the prooxidant/antioxidant balance may be important to its pathogenesis. Ceruloplasmin (CP) is an acute phase protein expressed at the surface of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with antioxidant properties and with a relevant role in iron (Fe) metabolism

Leptospirosis in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil : 2007-2014

Analisar a distribuição de casos e óbitos humanos por leptospirose, segundo características sociodemográficas, epidemiológicas, clínicas, tempo de atendimento, pluviosidade e distribuição espacial em Campinas, São Paulo, no período de 2007 a 2014. Estudo ecológico utilizando informações dos casos confirmados de leptospirose. Realizou-se análise descritiva dos casos, segundo variáveis selecionadas. A relação entre casos autóctones e pluviosidade foi verificada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Georreferenciaram-se casos/óbitos por áreas classificadas segundo indicadores socioambientais. Dos 264 casos, 76,1% eram homens e 58,4% tinham entre 20 e 49 anos. Cerca de 55% foram hospitalizados. Prevaleceu o diagnóstico clínico-laboratorial (89,4%) e a letalidade foi de 10,6%. Na área urbana, ocorreram 74,2% dos casos e, 48,9%, no domicílio. O principal fator de risco foi o local com sinal de roedores. Houve forte correlação entre a incidência de casos e a pluviosidade (p < 0,05) nos anos de 2010 a 2012. Observou-se maior concentração de casos na região centro-sudoeste. A distribuição espacial dos casos/óbitos mostrou aglomerados em regiões classificadas como de menor nível socioeconômico. Os padrões de ocorrência de leptospirose em Campinas, São Paulo, mostraram similaridade com outras cidades brasileiras. A identificação de áreas com maior incidência de casos/óbitos contribui para a adoção de estratégias específicas de intervenção e priorização de recursos na redução do risco de infecção e tratamento precoce dos acometidos pela doença22To analyze the distribution of leptospirosis according to sociodemographic, epidemiologic, and clinical characteristics, assistance time, rainfall and spatial distribution in Campinas/SP in the period from 2007 to 2014. This is an ecological study using information from the confirmed cases. A descriptive analysis was carried out according to the selected variables. The relationship between the cases and rainfall was verified through the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. The cases/deaths were georeferenced per areas classified according to socioenvironmental deprivation indexes in Campinas. From the 264 cases, 76.1% occurred in men, 58,4% in the 20 to 49 years old age range. Approximately 55% were hospitalized, with a prevalence of clinical-laboratorial diagnoses of 89.4%, and the lethality was 10.6%. The urban area concentrated 74.2% of the cases, and 48,9% occurred in the household environment. The main risk factor was evidence of the presence of rodents at the site. There was strong correlation between the incidence of cases and rainfall (p < 0.05) in 2010 to 2012. A higher concentration of the cases was observed in the Center-Southwest region. Spatial distribution of cases/deaths showed clusters in regions classified at lower socioeconomic levels. The patterns of occurrence of leptospirosis in Campinas showed similarity with other Brazilian municipalities. The identification of areas with higher incidence of cases/deaths contributes to the adoption of strategies for intervention and prioritization of resources aiming at the reduction of the risk of infection and at early treatment for those affecte

Concerns and adjustments: How the Portuguese population met COVID-19

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has led to disruptive changes worldwide, with different implications across countries. The evolution of citizens’ concerns and behaviours over time is a central piece to support public policies. Objective To unveil perceptions and behaviours of the Portuguese population regarding social and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, allowing for more informed public policies. Methods Online panel survey distributed in three waves between March 13th and May 6th 2020. Data collected from a non-representative sample of 7,448 respondents includes socio-demographic characteristics and self-reported measures on levels of concern and behaviours related to COVID-19. We performed descriptive analysis and probit regressions to understand relationships between the different variables. Results Most participants (85%) report being at least very concerned with the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and social isolation reached a high level of adherence during the state of emergency. Around 36% of the sample anticipated consumption decisions, stockpiling ahead of the state of emergency declaration. Medical appointments suffered severe consequences, being re-rescheduled or cancelled. We find important variation in concerns with the economic impact across activity sectors. Conclusion We show that high level of concern and behaviour adaptation in our sample preceded the implementation of lockdown measures in Portugal around mid-March. One month later, a large share of individuals had suffered disruption in their routine health care and negative impacts in their financial status

Cloning and sequence analysis of the gene encoding Methylophilus methyltrophus cytochrome c: a unique protein with a perpendicular orientation of the histidinyl ligands

Metals in Catalysis, Biomimetics & Inorganic Material