Projeto Robôt Cedri Melo

O trabalho que se apresenta foi realizado na unidade curricular de Investigação em Design da Licenciatura de Arte e Design Minor de Design da ESE, sob a orientação da Professora Jacinta Costa, e parte da reflexão do trabalho realizado na UC de Design Produto II, orientado pelos docentes Teresa Tavares e Carlos Costa, em colaboração com o Centro de Investigação CEDRI. Consistiu em conceber o design de um robot com interface amigável, com o objetivo de interagir e informar a comunidade académica do IPB. Metodologicamente, iniciou-se o processo pela análise de vários modelos de robot existentes e filmes onde as temáticas da robótica e da tecnologia estivessem presentes, por forma a obter referências de inspiração. Para o desenvolvimento de ideias e conceitos, desenvolveu-se o Moodboard e mapa mental com várias características do robot, como a estética, textura, ergonomia, tipologia, segurança e interface. Os principais parâmetros que guiaram a conceção do robot foram: a estética, a relação e interação com o utilizador e a sua mobilidade no espaço. Foi de igual forma realizado um levantamento sobre os possíveis materiais a usar no protótipo final tais como: plástico polipropileno reciclado, alumínio anodizado e aço. Com base na estrutura idealizada, foram realizados esboços à escala 1:8, que corresponde a uma escala mínima para analisar a forma e desenhos técnicos para auxiliar a realização de modelos físicos. Foram elaboradas três maquetes bidimensionais (digitais) e tridimensionais produzidas com plasticina, barro e esferovite. Após a sua análise foi selecionada a forma que melhor respondiam aos objetivos propostos que posteriormente foi impressa em PLA.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

REMOÇÃO DE CORANTES TÊXTEIS POR COAGULAÇÃO-FLOCULAÇÃO-SEDIMENTAÇÃO E ADSORÇÃO.

Textile effluents when discharged into water bodies without proper treatment cause damage to the water quality of the receiving bodies, mainly due to the large amount of dyes used for dyeing tissues, being necessary to conduct research aiming to improve the treatment efficiency of these effluents. Thus, the objective of this work is to evaluate the removal of Copper phthalocyanine pigment dispersion by fixed bed. For this, the synthetic effluent with pigment dispersion of Copper phthalocyanine was prepared, and the treatments used were coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation using polyaluminium hydroxychloride as coagulant, followed by fixed bed adsorption and the treatment efficiency was evaluated by the following parameters: pH, conductivity, turbidity and pigment concentration. The results indicated the best coagulation condition with pH of 7.41 and 10 mg.L-1 dosage of coagulant resulting in 95,0% turbidity and 90,0% color removal. The best adsorbent for adsorption sampled in this work presented Methylene blue index of 328,12 mg.g-1 and useful Qe of 44.57 mg g-1. Coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation treatment removed 75,29% of the pigments and after adsorption treatment, the removal of the pigments reached 97,30%.Os efluentes têxteis quando lançados nos corpos hídricos sem o tratamento adequado provocam prejuízos a qualidade da água dos corpos receptores, devido, a grande quantidade de corantes utilizados para o tingimento dos tecidos, sendo necessária a realização de pesquisas visando melhorar a eficiência do tratamento destes efluentes. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar a remoção da dispersão pigmentária de Ftalocianina de cobre em escala de bancada. Para isso, foi preparado um efluente sintético com dispersão pigmentária de Ftalocianina de cobre, e os tratamentos utilizados foram coagulação-floculação e sedimentação, utilizando Hidroxicloreto de Polialumínio como coagulante, seguido de adsorção em leito fixo. A eficiência do tratamento foi avaliada pelos parâmetros pH, condutividade, turbidez e concentração residual de pigmento. Os resultados indicaram a melhor condição de coagulação com pH de 7,41, e dosagem de 10 mg.L-1 de coagulante resultando em remoções de 95,0% da turbidez e 90,0% de cor. O melhor adsorvente amostrado neste trabalho apresentou Índice de Azul de Metileno de 328,12 mg.g-1 e Qe útil para adsorção da dispersão pigmentária de 44,57 mg g-1. O tratamento por coagulação-floculação e sedimentação foi capaz de remover 75,2% dos pigmentos e com o pós tratamento por adsorção a remoção dos pigmentos chegou a 97,3%

Clinical and Nutritional Follow-up of Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease Fed with a Renal Prescription Diet

Background: The use of prescription diets for cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the main management approach of this disease in cats, and is considered a renoprotective strategy that may promote increased survival and/or improve quality of life, according to the stage of CKD. Besides that, nutritional assessment is important to monitor the maintenance of quality of life of the patients and their response to disease, especially those with chronic conditions. The aim of this study was to follow the clinical and nutritional status of cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) IRIS stages II, III and IV fed with a renal prescription diet, followed for 12 months. Materials, Methods & Results: Patients were fed exclusively with a dry renal prescription diet and medications for the management of CKD were prescribed when needed. Exclusion criteria were cats that already received a renal prescription diet or medications for the treatment of CKD. Cats were evaluated every 2 months, considering body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), muscle mass score (MMS), clinical and laboratory parameters. In all assessments, a complete blood count and biochemistry were performed by conventional methods with the patient fasted for 12 h. In addition, urinalysis, urinary protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) and urine culture were performed from a urine sample collected by cystocentesis. The quantitative variables were tested for their stability on consecutive assessments using the non-parametric Friedman test, and did not present significant variation during follow-up, except for systolic blood pressure (SBP). Eight cats with a diagnosis of CKD were included in the study and 6 of them remained in the same CKD stage during follow-up. On cat died due to an unrelated CKD cause. Regarding nutritional assessment, 5 of 7 cats maintained BW during the 12 months. Of these, 4 also maintained MMS and BCS. Three of 7 cats presented a decrease in MMS, 2 of which presented also a decreased BW and one maintained BW.Discussion: IRIS staging results combined with Friedman’s analysis demonstrated that the diet and the clinical management were effective in the non-progression of CKD in this study. As renal injury is not expected to be reversed in CKD, the maintenance of cats in the same IRIS stages and the minimum variation of the parameters is considered a positive result in this study. Hypertensive cats started on antihypertensive therapy during the study, achieving adequate control of SBP in most cases, what can justify the variation of this clinical parameter over the 12 months. Hyperphosphatemia was a frequent alteration, included stage II cats, and presented a positive response to nutritional and medical therapy. Despite CKD staging progression was not observed in most cats using serum creatinine as a single parameter, some cats presented BW and MMS reduction, which may have influenced this result. Weight loss and muscle wasting may have occurred by several reasons, including periods of hyporexia, presence of concomitant diseases, aging process or reduced protein content on renal prescription diets. This study enhances the importance of the association of clinical and nutritional management in the maintenance of cats with CKD. We suggest that other studies are done during longer periods of time and with a larger sample to support the results found. We also suggest new studies to evaluate the protein requirements for cats with CKD

Clinical and nutritional follow-up of cats with chronic kidney disease fed with a renal prescription diet

Background: The use of prescription diets for cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the main management approach of this disease in cats, and is considered a renoprotective strategy that may promote increased survival and/or improve quality of life, according to the stage of CKD. Besides that, nutritional assessment is important to monitor the maintenance of quality of life of the patients and their response to disease, especially those with chronic conditions. The aim of this study was to follow the clinical and nutritional status of cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) IRIS stages II, III and IV fed with a renal prescription diet, followed for 12 months. Materials, Methods & Results: Patients were fed exclusively with a dry renal prescription diet and medications for the management of CKD were prescribed when needed. Exclusion criteria were cats that already received a renal prescription diet or medications for the treatment of CKD. Cats were evaluated every 2 months, considering body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), muscle mass score (MMS), clinical and laboratory parameters. In all assessments, a complete blood count and biochemistry were performed by conventional methods with the patient fasted for 12 h. In addition, urinalysis, urine protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) and urine culture were performed from a urine sample collected by cystocentesis. The quantitative variables were tested for their stability on consecutive assessments using the non-parametric Friedman test, and did not present significant variation during follow-up, except for systolic blood pressure (SBP). Eight cats with a diagnosis of CKD were included in the study and 6 of them remained in the same CKD stage during follow-up. On cat died due to an unrelated CKD cause. Regarding nutritional assessment, 5 of 7 cats maintained BW during the 12 months. Of these, 4 also maintained MMS and BCS. Three of 7 cats presented a decrease in MMS, 2 of which presented also a decreased BW and one maintained BW. Discussion: IRIS staging results combined with Friedman’s analysis demonstrated that the diet and the clinical management were effective in the non-progression of CKD in this study. As renal injury is not expected to be reversed in CKD, the maintenance of cats in the same IRIS stages and the minimum variation of the parameters is considered a positive result in this study. Hypertensive cats started on antihypertensive therapy during the study, achieving adequate control of SBP in most cases, what can justify the variation of this clinical parameter over the 12 months. Hyperphosphatemia was a frequent alteration, included stage II cats, and presented a positive response to nutritional and medical therapy. Despite CKD staging progression was not observed in most cats using serum creatinine as a single parameter, some cats presented BW and MMS reduction, which may have influenced this result. Weight loss and muscle wasting may have occurred by several reasons, including periods of hyporexia, presence of concomitant diseases, aging process or reduced protein content on renal prescription diets. This study enhances the importance of the association of clinical and nutritional management in the maintenance of cats with CKD. We suggest that other studies are done during longer periods of time and with a larger sample to support the results found. We also suggest new studies to evaluate the protein requirements for cats with CKD

PARASITIC INFESTATIONS AND INFECTIONS IN MARINE FISH (ACTINOPTERYGII: LUTJANIDAE AND MULLIDAE) MARKETED IN BRAZIL – AN ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH ISSUE

The objective of this study was to identify the parasitic fauna, the impact of the parasite-host relationship and the potential risk of transmission of zoonotic parasites in fish marketed in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (Northeastern of Brazil). Ectoparasites and endoparasites were collected in Pseudupeneus maculatus (n=34), Lutjanus synagris (n=23), and Ocyurus chrysurus (n=20). Organs and/or tissues with and without parasites were processed by routine histological techniques. Overall, 43 (55.8%) specimens were parasitized by: Rocinela signata; Lernanthropus sp.; Lernaeolophus sultanus; Goussia sp.; Haliotrema sp.; Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris) sp.; Cucullanus sp.; larvae of Pseudoterranova sp., Contracaecum sp., Anisakis sp., and Trypanorhyncha.Macroscopic and/or histological alterations were associated with Lernantrhopus sp. (gills) and Pseudoterranova sp. (liver) in O. chrysurus; R. signata (gills) in P. maculatus; and Lernaeolophus sultanus (maxilla) of L. synagris. Histological analysis was shown to be a tool that provides important knowledge about the impact of the parasites on the health of studied marine fish. New records of parasites are presented (Lernanthropus sp. in O. chrysurus, Goussia sp. in P. maculatus, L. sultanus in L. synagris) and parasites of importance in Public Health are registered (Anisakis sp., Pseudoterranova sp., Contracaecum sp., and Trypanorhyncha), emphasizing the need for measures to avoid the risk of transmission to consumer. The information contributes to the knowledgeabout the parasitic fauna of fish and its distribution along the coast of Brazil

PÓS-TRATAMENTO DE LIXIVIADO ESTABILIZADO POR CICLO COMPLETO, ADSORÇÃO E OXIDAÇÃO QUÍMICA

The leachate has high concentrations of organic matter, humic and nitrogenous compounds, heavy metals and inorganic salts, which requires proper treatment for its final destination and does not cause damage to the environment. Studies show that the biologically treated effluent requires an association of physical-chemical techniques.This study aimed to evaluate the application of complementary techniques to the biological treatment such as coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) and Fenton's reaction oxidation (FR), followed by adsorption. The CFS with ferric chloride and FR post-treatments isolated had 100% and 87,9%,  organic matter correlated with true color removal  and 53,6% and 67,0% of COD removal,​​which meet with the requirements of CONAMA 357/05 e 430/11 for disposal in water bodies. The adsorption after Fenton reaction resulted in 84,5% organic matter correlated with true color removal and 67,0% of COD removal. Adsorption after coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation was able to reduce 76,9% of COD. CFS showed higher removal efficiency of organic matter correlated to the true color, while RF obtained higher removal efficiency of NKT, N-ammoniacal and COD parameters. The biologically treated leachate did not show significant toxicity, but the coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation and Fenton reaction post-treatments showed toxicity, although they fit the limits set by CEMA 81/10.  O lixiviado possui elevadas concentrações de matéria orgânica, compostos húmicos, nitrogenados, metais pesados e sais inorgânicos, requerendo um tratamento adequado para sua destinação final para que não cause danos ao meio ambiente. Estudos demonstram que o efluente tratado biologicamente necessita de associação de técnicas físico-químicas de tratamento. Esse trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a aplicação de técnicas complementares ao tratamento biológico, coagulação-floculação-sedimentação (CFS) com cloreto férrico, oxidação por reação de Fenton (RF), seguidos de adsorção. Os pós-tratamentos CFS e RF empregados isoladamente apresentaram eficiência de remoção de matéria orgânica correlacionada à cor verdadeira de 100,0% e 87,9%, e 53,6% e 67% de DQO, enquadrando às exigências do CONAMA 357/05 e 430/11 de descarte em corpos hídricos. A adsorção após a reação de Fenton obteve remoção de 84,5% de matéria orgânica correlacionada à cor verdadeira 67,0% de DQO. Já a adsorção após a CFS reduziu 76,9% da DQO. A CFS apresentou maior eficiência de remoção de matéria orgânica correlacionada à cor verdadeira, enquanto o tratamento com Fenton obteve maior eficiência de remoção dos parâmetros de NKT, N-amoniacal e DQO. O lixiviado tratado biologicamente não apresentou toxicidade, no entanto, após os pós-tratamentos testadosidentificou-se toxicidade, porém, dentro doslimites estabelecidos pela CEMA 81/10

Clinical Presentation and Risk Factors for Molar-Incisor and Second Primary Molar Hypomineralization: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To identify the clinical presentation of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and hypomineralization of second primary molars (HSPM), including the distribution patterns of presence and severity of lesions, and to investigate the association of risk factors during the pre-and postnatal period with the presence of lesions. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 160 individuals (72 with MIH/HSPM and 88 without lesions). The symmetry analysis regarding the presence and severity of MIH/HSPM was evaluated in pairs of homologous and opposite teeth. Sociodemographic and medical information was obtained using a detailed questionnaire. Data were analyzed by means of chi-square tests, Student’s t-test, and logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: Symmetry of presence and severity of hypomineralization lesions were present in homologous permanent teeth in 53.8% and 70.5% of cases, respectively, with statistically significant results only for the symmetrical pattern of severity of MIH lesions in the maxillary first molars (p=0.016) and mandibular first molars (p=0.02). Otherwise, a non-symmetric presence was statistically significant in homologous second primary molars (p=0.002) and opposite primary and permanent teeth (p≤0.001). An association between MIH/HSPM and systemic diseases during pregnancy and children medication was found (p<0.05); however, no evidence was found between these and MIH/HSPM severity. Conclusion: The symmetric pattern of severity of MIH lesions was statistically significant in permanent homologous teeth. Risk factors during pre and postnatal periods may be related to MIH/HSPM; however, these do not seem to interact with severity

Estrutura das Farmácias de medicamentos especiais do RS: uma análise para o programa Farmácia Cuidar +

Objetivos: Este artigo tem o objetivo de realizar uma análise inicial dos resultados do diagnóstico do eixo estrutura, realizado junto às Farmácias de Medicamentos Especiais (FME) dos municípios que aderiram ao Programa Farmácia Cuidar+. Métodos: É um estudo descritivo, transversal, que parte de uma análise de banco de dados, com informações obtidas através de um questionário enviado às FME, com intuito de realizar um diagnóstico da estrutura destas farmácias nos municípios que aderiram ao Programa. Resultados: Dos 496 municípios do RS aptos para adesão, 446 aderiram ao Programa e 412 responderam ao diagnóstico correspondendo a 82,9% das FME do estado. Quanto à acessibilidade com corrimão para acesso ao local, 144 das FME possuem, 153 não contam com o corrimão e 115 responderam que a questão não se aplica. Observou-se que 41,3% não possui sinalização externa na farmácia. Para 37,4% das FME o número de cadeiras não é suficiente para o fluxo de atendimento do local. Em apenas 21,8% das FME os usuários sentam para o atendimento. Destaca-se ainda que 74,3% não possui atendimento preferencial.Conclusões: Identificamos elementos que destacam a necessidade de avanços em aspectos relacionados à ambiência e a acessibilidade das FME, adequando a estrutura e viabilizando a implementação dos serviços farmacêuticos. Os resultados foram encaminhados para as Coordenadorias Regionais de Saúde do estado para que contribuam com a decisão dos gestores para a alocação de recursos do Programa Farmácia Cuidar+

Facetas em cerâmica vs facetas em resina composta

As facetas estéticas são restaurações parciais que visam recobrir superfícies vestibulares e proximais. Dessa forma, o objetivo da pesquisa é identificar as vantagens, desvantagens, indicações e contraindicações das facetas de porcelana e de resina composta no processo de reabilitação estética e funcional através de uma revisão de literatura. As bases de dados utilizadas foram Google Acadêmico, Pubmed, Periódicos Capes e BVS e incluíram estudos publicados na língua inglesa e portuguesa, entre os anos de 2014 e 2024. Os critérios de exclusão utilizados consistiram em estudos não disponíveis na íntegra, artigos duplicados e/ou em desacordo com os objetivos. Os resultados incluíram 31 artigos que tratavam acerca de relatos clínicos e revisões de literatura com o uso das facetas de resina composta e de porcelana de forma isolada ou comparativa. Constatou-se que as facetas são uma excelente alternativa de restauração estética e funcional e os dois tipos analisados demonstraram diversos benefícios, bem como algumas desvantagens, assim como qualquer outro procedimento

Saúde e Imigração na pandemia da COVID-19

O surgimento do novo coronavírus denominado SARS-CoV-2 em Wuhan, na China, no final de 2019, proporcionou cenário adverso e de incerteza tanto para a sociedade quanto para o meio científico. As informações obtidas e apuradas revelam enorme discriminação e carência que a população extraditada tem sido alvo, principalmente nos Estados Unidos, mas também em nações de outros continentes. Trata-se de aspectos básicos de Saúde Individual e Comunitária que influenciam e são influenciados por políticas públicas, tanto quanto às condições sanitárias de centros de detenção quanto à qualidade de vida dessa população nos países que migraram para morar. Comum a todas estas situações distintas, encontram-se igualmente graves os danos coletivos de natureza psicossocial cujo alcance parece imprevisível. Dessa forma, há o reconhecimento da necessidade de que os governos e nações assumam, como base, tal qual a atual gestão de Biden nos Estados Unidos, posicionamento de flexibilização das leis e condutas referentes às populações consideradas