Telemedicine Volunteering Experience as a Medical Student During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has strongly affected Brazil and many universities canceled in-person classes for an indefinite period. Many Brazilian medical students enrolled themselves as volunteers in telemedicine services across the country. This text will share the authors’ experience in telemedicine and their insights into the topic as volunteer medical students in Brazil

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM URIC ACID AND BLOOD GLUCOSE IN YOUNG ADULTS: CROSS-SECTIONAL FINDINGS FROM A BIRTH COHORT

Introduction: Serum uric acid (SUA) has been positively associated with diabetes. Most of the studies carried out take into account older adults and there are still few studies in young individuals. Thus, it’s necessary to study the association between SUA and glucose in young people to better understand this relationship’s trajector

Evaluación de parámetros físicos y sensoriales de radicchios (Chichorium intybus L. var. foliosum) envasados en IV Gama

[SPA] El presente trabajo evalúa el comportamiento del radicchio (Chichorium intybus L. var. foliosum), procesado en IV gama. Los objetivos del ensayo fueron determinar la vida útil del radicchio, al ser envasado en dos tipos de bolsas (HYC y SJI) y en distintas concentraciones de gases (T0: 0,03% CO2-21% O2, T1: 25% CO2-10% O2 y T2: 16% CO2-12% O2). Los radicchios fueron primeramente lavados, picados y desinfectados por dos minutos en 50 ppm de Hipoclorito de Sodio, luego centrifugados por 2 minutos y envasados en bolsas de 150g en las bolsas HYC y SJI. Se efectuó una evaluación sensorial al final del almacenamiento de 20 días a 2°C y 95% HR para medir sus atributos organolépticos y la aceptabilidad del radicchio por 13 panelistas entrenados. Se analizaron los parámetros: peso de la bolsa, concentraciones de gases, color y aparición de patógenos. La evaluación sensorial se efectuó sobre el sabor, color, olor, textura, apariencia y aceptabilidad. Los resultados indican que el tratamiento T2, resultó el mejor para conservar el radicchio en IV gama, y en la evaluación de apariencia y aceptabilidad, obtuvo los mayores puntajes, indicando que a los panelistas les gustó moderadamente. Sin embargo, el tratamiento T1 fue mejor evaluado en los atributos organolépticos, y los panelistas identificaron y reconocieron los atributos sabor amargo, color púrpura, olor insípido y textura suave. En éste sentido, el tratamiento testigo T0 recibió la peor valoración. [ENG] This study evaluated the behavior of packaging of radicchio (Chichorium intybus L. var. foliosum), with the system of the IV range. This vegetable was donated by the Company Vital Berry S.A. and the packages by HYC. The study was completed in the Laboratories of the Universidad Católica del Maule, Curicó and the Universidad de Chile’s Center for Postharvest Studies, Santiago. The objectives of the study where to determine the shelf life of radicchio, which were to be packaged in two types of bags (HYC and SJI) and in different concentrations of gases (T0:0,03%CO2-21%O2, T1:25%CO2-10%O2 and T2:16%CO2-12%O2 ). A sensory evaluation at the end of the refrigerated storage with 2°C and 95% H.R. to measure different organic attributes and the acceptability of the packaged radicchio by 13 trained panelists. The following parameters were analyzed: Weight of the bags, concentration of gases, color of the vegetable, the appearance of pathogens. In the sensory evaluation, the following attributes were measured: Flavor, color, smell, texture, appearance, and acceptability. The results indicate that the treatment T2B1 with 16% CO2 and 12% O2, resulted to be the largest concentration to conserve the radicchio packaged with the IV range technique. In the sensory evaluation of appearance and acceptability, the panelist granted the best points to the T2B1 treatment, indicating that the sample was moderately pleasing. In the sensory evaluation of the organic attributes, the best evaluated treatment was T1B1 with 25% CO2 and 10% of O2, in which the panelists identified and favorably recognized the bitter flavor, purple color, bland smell, and smooth texture

Varicela perinatal: presentación de un caso

Realizamos una revisión actualizada sobre varicela perinatal, a propósito de la presentación en un neonato en el Hospital Gineco-obstétrico “Enrique C. Sotomayor” que inicia exantema variceloso el primer día de vida; el antecedente de varicela materna 8 días antes del parto sugieren infección materna. Abogamos por la utilización precoz de inmmunoglobulina específica y aciclovir dada la potencial gravedad de la varicela perinatal

Sexualidade em adolescentes de uma escola pública do interior do Rio Grande do Sul / Sexuality in adolescents from a public school in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul

A sexualidade encontra na adolescência momento de grande descoberta. Nesse sentido, realizou-se um estudo transversal descritivo com base de dados primários, por meio da aplicação de questionários. Foram incluídos 31 escolares com idade média de 15,8 anos. A maioria dos adolescentes mostrou ter algum conhecimento em relação às ISTs mais prevalentes e a escola foi o principal meio de adquirir conhecimento sobre sexualidade. Dentre os que já tiveram a primeira relação sexual (N=21), 42,9% (N=9) haviam consumido bebida alcoólica antes de alguma relação. Devido a uma maior vulnerabilidade a fatores de risco, é preocupante que 30% dos adolescentes já tenham experimentado relação sexual concomitante ao uso de bebida alcoólica. O estudo reforça a necessidade de ampliar projetos que desenvolvam esse tema junto aos escolares para estimular um comportamento sexual mais seguro e consciente

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, municipios de bogotá, sopo, soacha y Fusagasugá

En el abordaje de este diplomado de profundización acompañamiento psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, se hizo un recorrido por la memoria histórica de nuestras raíces, de los lugares donde vivimos, y retrocedimos a nuestros primeros detonantes de violencia, aquellos que formaron los territorios en los que vivimos ahora, los pueblos, y ciudades que habitamos después de varias décadas, incluso siglos; así se inicia el manejo de una sociedad en medio de temores y violencia. Nuestros antepasados forjaron un carácter y algunos vacíos que no dejan de juzgar el presente por los errores que atropellaron las vidas humanas de diferentes formas. El abordaje mediante el ejercicio de foto voz, nos ha dado la pausa para entender que la subjetividad, va ligada a una imagen que narra los acontecimientos en la voz de quien entiende el desafío del pasado. El país enfrenta a un momento que pareciera no tener mayor significado, excepto cuando parte de su población queda siendo voces invisibles entendiendo el dolor y sufrimiento que decenas de miles han tenido que vivir, porque así es como se logra el enfoque narrativo de las historias. Masacres, como la del Salado, donde muchas personas perdieron todo y sus derechos vulnerados por mucho tiempo. Hoy se puede hacer un acompañamiento, luego de identificar la realidad que vivieron, mediante estrategias que apoyen la reivindicación de ese lapsus de dolor que se volvió insensible para el gobierno y cuya afectación, termino en los impactos Bio, Psico socio culturales.In approaching this diploma to deepen psychosocial accompaniment in scenes of violence, we took a tour of the historical memory of our roots, of the places where we live, and we went back to our first triggers of violence, those that formed the territories in which we live now, the towns and cities we inhabit after several decades, even centuries; This is how the management of a society begins amid fear and violence. Our ancestors forged a character and some gaps that do not stop judging the present for the mistakes that have run over human lives in different ways. The approach through the photo voice exercise has given us the pause to understand that subjectivity is linked to an image that narrates the events in the voice of someone who understands the challenge of the past. The country is facing a moment that seems to have no greater meaning, except when part of its population remains invisible Voices understand the pain and suffering that tens of miles have had to experience because that is how the narrative focus of the stories is achieved. Massacres, like the one in El Salado, where many people lost everything and their rights were violated for a long time. Today an accompaniment can be made, after identifying the reality they lived through, through strategies that support the claim of that lapse of pain that became insensitive to the government and whose affectation ended in Bio, Psycho-sociocultural impacts

Hospitalizações por Diabetes Mellitus no Sistema Único de Saúde: um panorama da última década / Diabetes Mellitus Hospitalizations in the Brazilian National Health System: an overview of the last decade

O diabetes mellitus é uma doença crônica não transmissível que assola grande parte da população mundial e que vem aumentando cada vez mais sua incidência no Brasil e no mundo. A maior parte dos casos podem ser manejados na Atenção Básica, melhorando a qualidade de vida e diminuindo a mortalidade dos doentes. Foi realizado um estudo por meio dos dados do DATASUS que avalia a flutuação do número de internações por diabetes no Sistema Único de Saúde. O estudo mostra que apesar do aumento crescente do número de casos as internações não aumentaram, o que se concluiu que deve-se ao aumento da eficácia das estratégias da Atenção Básica.

Schwannoma in a pet rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

El heterogéneo grupo de los tumores de nervios periféricos, puede originarse tanto de células de Schwann, de fibroblastos como de células perineurales. La literaratura oncológica veterinaria los clasificó confusamente dividiéndolos en neurofibromas, neurofibrosarcomas, schwannomas, neurinomas o neurilemmomas. Esta clasificación es extremedamente arbitraria ya que está basada en una extrapolación para tumores de nervios periféricos de medicina humana. Recientemente fue estimada su prevalencia en un 4,2 % dentro de los tumores cutáneos en conejos mascota.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Guía Mexicana para el Diagnóstico y el Tratamiento de la Urticaria

La urticaria es una enfermedad que padece una quinta parte de la población en algún momento de su vida. Las guías inter- nacionales recientes han propuesto unos cambios de fondo en su diagnóstico y tratamiento, por lo que había la necesidad de crear una guía nacional y multidisciplinaria, con base amplia en los gremios de especialistas y médicos de primer contacto en México. ABSTRACT Urticaria is a disease that a fifth of the population shall suffer once in a lifetime. Recent clinical guidelines have proposed some fundamental changes in the diagnosis and treatment of urticaria, making the development of a national, multidisciplinary guideline, with wide acceptability among different professional groups –both specialists and primary health care workers–, necessary in Mexico

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030