La letra pequeña del contrato social. Legitimidad del poder, resistencia popular y criminalización de la defensa de los derechos

«La soberanía reside en el pueblo». En este precepto descansa el sistema democrático; sin embargo, en sociedades con una elevada desigualdad social, la participación del pueblo en la toma de decisiones mediante canales institucionales es casi inexistente. Las acciones colectivas y los movimientos sociales surgen, en estos contextos, como la única oportunidad de quienes han sido excluidos del debate político para hacer escuchar su voz. La protesta social ha conseguido en Ecuador la inclusión o ampliación de derechos en la Constitución y la ley, detener la agenda neoliberal e inclusive revocar de facto el mandato a tres presidentes de la república. La participación popular no institucional en la conducción de los asuntos públicos fue reconocida en la Constitución mediante el derecho a la resistencia. Sin embargo, la otra cara es la criminalización de la protesta. Sucesivos gobiernos han utilizado al derecho penal como herramienta de amedrentamiento y desmovilización de los movimientos sociales. El presente trabajo analiza la interrelación del derecho a la resistencia y la criminalización. En él se defiende que la constitucionalización del derecho a la resistencia genera consecuencias jurídicas que alteran el sistema de fuentes del derecho, la aplicación del derecho penal e inclusive la forma en que se conciben los conceptos de participación política y democracia

Un estudio de la cosntrucción social del conocimiento matemático en el cotidiano

Diversas investigaciones se interesan por la inserción de los “conocimientos previos” de los estudiantes en el proceso de aprendizaje de las matemáticas, considerándolos como bases iniciales de significados que deben ser sustituidos por medio de la instrucción “formal”. A diferencia de lo anterior, el propósito de la investigación es legitimar los saberes que se encuentran en el cotidiano. Para ello, se conforma, desde la socioepistemología, la categoría del cotidiano del ciudadano que resalta una función social particular del conocimiento matemático. Para la conformación de la evidencia empírica, se da cuenta de los usos de las gráficas en talleres de divulgación científica, evidenciando cómo el cotidiano brinda elementos funcionales que podrían conformar parte de un rediseño del discurso matemático escolar

Los usos de las gráficas en la resignificación de lo estable en un escenario de difusión de la ciencia

Se presenta una investigación en la cual reportamos los usos de las gráficas en diferentes escenarios de divulgación de la ciencia cuando se trabajan ideas gráficas relacionadas con la estabilidad de las soluciones de una ecuación diferencial lineal con coeficientes constantes. En dichos escenarios de difusión se propone una situación de modelación del movimiento(SMM) que, con ayuda de calculadoras y sensores de movimiento, genera discusiones en la que los participantes hacen un uso de las gráficas que se generan con la calculadora o que ellos proponen. Dichos usos tienen un carácter funcional y un sentido específico que no dependen de las propiedades analíticas de la función que ahí interviene. En el desarrollo de dichos “usos” entre los participantes consideraremos la resignificación de lo estable cuando se pone en juego el momento en el que el comportamiento asintótico generado por las calculadoras o propuesto por los participantes alude a la forma de la tendencia dada

Mitochondrial dysfunction promoted by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide as a possible link between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis

Oxidative stress is one of the factors that could explain the pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory conditions that occur in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and periodontitis. Such inflammatory response is often evoked by specific bacteria, as the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Porphyromonas gingivalis is a key factor in this process. The aim of this research was to study the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from periodontitis patients and to evaluate the influence of LPS on fibroblasts to better understand the pathophysiology of periodontitis and its relationship with CVD. PBMCs from patients showed lower CoQ10 levels and citrate synthase activity, together with high levels of ROS production. LPS-treated fibroblasts provoked increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction by a decrease in mitochondrial protein expression, mitochondrial mass, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Our study supports the hypothesis that LPS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction could be at the origin of oxidative stress in periodontal patients. Abnormal PBMC performance may promote oxidative stress and alter cytokine homeostasis. In conclusion, mitochondrial dysfunction could represent a possible link to understanding the interrelationships between two prominent inflammatory diseases: periodontitis and CV

Uma análise dos usos dos gráficos no cotidiano das pessoas

This paper addresses the issue of the lack of connection between people’s knowledge and school mathematics. It is stated that this issue generates a phenomenon of opacity in People’s Daily Life and the uses of mathematical knowledge; this means that other social functions of the mathematical knowledge apart from school environments are not considered. To highlight this phenomenon, empirical evidence is built from the analysis of cultural forms of knowledge concerning the uses of graphs in a movement situation; this evidence is overshadowed by school mathematics because they are immerse in non-conventional argumentations. A reference framework of the uses of graphs that resignifies trajectory and curve is then conformed; in this framework the search for permanence and invariants when things vary conforms a proper argumentation of people’s mathematical knowledge that is, however, obscured in school mathematics.En el presente artículo se aborda como problemática, la falta de vinculación que existe entre los saberes de la gente y la matemática escolar. Se afirma que lo anterior genera un fenómeno de opacidad del Cotidiano de la Gente y sus usos del conocimiento matemático; esto es, no se consideran otras funciones sociales del conocimiento matemático en escenarios diferentes al escolar. Para evidenciar dicho fenómeno, se construye evidencia empírica a partir del análisis de formas culturales de saberes relativas al uso de las gráficas en una situación de movimiento, que la matemática escolar opaca, al encontrarse contenidas en argumentaciones no convencionales. Se conforma así un marco de referencia del uso de la gráfica que resignifica a la trayectoria y a la curva y donde la búsqueda de la permanencia y de invariantes en las cosas que varían, conforma la argumentación propia de los saberes matemáticos de la gente y, sin embargo, opaco en la matemática escolar.Neste artigo, a ausência de diálogo entre saberes populares e a matemática da escola, são abordadas como uma problemática. Afirma-se que o exposto, gera um fenômeno de opacidade em relação ao conhecimento matemático na cotidianidade, na medida em que, outras funções sociais deste conhecimento não são consideradas em cenários diferentes da escola. Para evidenciar esse fenômeno, a evidência empírica é trabalhada e desenvolvida em uma análise de formas culturais relacionadas ao uso de gráficos matemáticos implementados em uma situação de movimento. No entanto, a matemática da escola turva tal evidência, porque essas formas são encontradas em argumentos não convencionais. Assim, forma-se um quadro de referência para o uso do gráfico que ressignifica a trajetória e a curva, onde a busca de permanência e de invariáveis nas coisas que variam, formando a argumentação própria dos conhecimentos matemáticos populares, embora, estes sejam ofuscados pela matemática da escola.

Replication and discovery of musculoskeletal QTLs in LG/J and SM/J advanced intercross lines

AR056280 awarded to DAB and AL. AIHC supported by IMS and Elphinstone Scholarship from the University of Aberdeen. GRV supported by Medical Research Scotland (Vac-929-2016).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

GVLiDAR: an interactive web-based visualization framework to support geospatial measures on lidar data

[Abstract] In recent years lidar technology has experienced a noticeable increase in its relevance and usage in a number of scientific fields. Therefore, software capable of handling lidar data becomes a key point in those fields. In this article, we present GPU-based viewer lidar (GVLiDAR), a novel web framework for visualization and geospatial measurement of lidar data point sets. The design of the framework is focused on achieving three key objectives: performance in terms of real-time interaction, functionality, and online availability for the lidar datasets. All lidar files are pre-processed and stored in a lossless data structure, which minimizes transfer requirements and offers an on-demand lidar data web framework.Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; GRC2013 / 055Galicia. Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria; R2014/049Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; TIN2013-42148-PMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad; TIN2016-75845-

High multiplicity processes at NLO with BlackHat and Sherpa

In this contribution we review recent progress with fixed-order QCD predictions for the production of a vector boson in association with jets at hadron colliders, using the programs BlackHat and SHERPA. We review general features of next-to-leading-order (NLO) predictions for the production of a massive vector boson in association with four jets. We also discuss how precise descriptions of vector-boson production can be applied to the determination of backgrounds to new physics signals. Here we focus on data-driven backgrounds to a missing-energy-plus-jets search performed by CMS. Finally, we review recent progress in developing theoretical tools for high-multiplicity loop-computation within the BlackHat-library. In particular, we discuss methods for handling the color degrees of freedom in multi-jet predictions at NLO.Comment: 12 pages, contribution to the proceedings of Loops and Legs 201

A Microarray study of Carpet-Shell Clam (Ruditapes decussatus) shows common and organ-specific growth-related gene expression Differences in gills and digestive gland

Growth rate is one of the most important traits from the point of view of individual fitness and commercial production in mollusks, but its molecular and physiological basis is poorly known. We have studied differential gene expression related to differences in growth rate in adult individuals of the commercial marine clam Ruditapes decussatus. Gene expression in the gills and the digestive gland was analyzed in 5 fast-growing and five slow-growing animals by means of an oligonucleotide microarray containing 14,003 probes. A total of 356 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were found. We tested the hypothesis that differential expression might be concentrated at the growth control gene core (GCGC), i. e., the set of genes that underlie the molecular mechanisms of genetic control of tissue and organ growth and body size, as demonstrated in model organisms. The GCGC includes the genes coding for enzymes of the insulin/ insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS), enzymes of four additional signaling pathways (Raf/ Ras/ Mapk, Jnk, TOR, and Hippo), and transcription factors acting at the end of those pathways. Only two out of 97 GCGC genes present in themicroarray showed differential expression, indicating a very little contribution of GCGC genes to growth-related differential gene expression. Forty eight DEGs were shared by both organs, with gene ontology (GO) annotations corresponding to transcription regulation, RNA splicing, sugar metabolism, protein catabolism, immunity, defense against pathogens, and fatty acid biosynthesis. GO termenrichment tests indicated that genes related to growth regulation, development and morphogenesis, extracellular matrix proteins, and proteolysis were overrepresented in the gills. In the digestive gland overrepresented GO terms referred to gene expression control through chromatin rearrangement, RAS-related small GTPases, glucolysis, and energy metabolism. These analyses suggest a relevant role of, among others, some genes related to the IIS, such as the ParaHox gene Xlox, CCAR and the CCN family of secreted proteins, in the regulation of growth in bivalves.Direccion General de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica of the Spanish Government [AGL2010-16743, AGL2013-49144-C3-3-R]; COMPETE Program; Portuguese National Funds [PEst-255 C/MAR/LA0015/2011]; Portuguese FCT [UID/Multi/04326/2013]; Generalitat Valenciana; Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports of the Spanish Government; Association of European Marine Biology Laboratoriesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio