Aportes de las prácticas en la formación inicial de maestros: Licenciatura en Educación Infantil - UPN.

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo dar respuesta a los aportes específicos de la práctica a la formación inicial de maestros, en el programa de Licenciatura en Educación Infantil de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, a partir de la Expedición por las Prácticas en la Formación de Maestros en el año 2011, retomando cuatro escenarios: Centro Aeiotu Orquídeas de Suba, Institución Educativa República de Colombia, Fundación Creciendo Unidos y Escuela Rural – el Hato – la Calera. El enfoque investigativo usado para la indagación es a través de las Narrativas, donde los actores se convierten en los personajes reconocidos dentro de la investigación y se tiene en cuenta sus subjetividades (Bolívar, 2002. p.4)

Prueba de habilidades Practicas CCNA.

Descripción del escenario propuesto para la prueba de habilidades Escenario: Una empresa de Tecnología posee tres sucursales distribuidas en las ciudades de Bogotá, Medellín y Bucaramanga, en donde el estudiante será el administrador de la red, el cual deberá configurar e interconectar entre sí cada uno de los dispositivos que forman parte del escenario, acorde con los lineamientos establecidos para el direccionamiento IP, protocolos de enrutamiento y demás aspectos que forman parte de la topología de red.Description of the proposed scenario for the skills test Scenario: A Technology company has three branches distributed in the cities of Bogotá, Medellín and Bucaramanga, where the student will be the administrator of the network, which must configure and interconnect each of the devices that are part of the scenario, in accordance with the guidelines established for IP addressing, routing protocols and other aspects that are part of the network topology

Settled immigrants in the city of Malaga: local host context and crime.

Spain is one of the European countries where the immigrant population has grown the most during the first years of this century. However, crime rates have remained constant in this period, even have decreased slightly, so the evolution of both phenomena does not allow to establish a positive relationship between them. Nevertheless, empirical evidence has shown that the immigration experiences differ according to local host conditions. In this way, the context would facilitate the involvement of immigrants in criminal activities. Empirical studies that address the family and social circumstances of immigrants at the local level and from a criminological perspective have not been carried out in Spain. To fill this gap, 173 immigrants were interviewed between 2017 and 2018, in order to study the relationship between local host conditions and self-reported crime, victimisation, and the perception about social control. Findings indicate that a troubled neighbourhood explains the crime committed by immigrants and their victimisation, that committing crimes and being a victim is related, and that immigrants who have committed a crime or have been victim of crime do not have a good opinion about the police and criminal justice system

Settled immigrants in the city of Malaga: local host context and crime

Spain is one of the European countries where the immigrant population has grown the most during the first years of this century. However, crime rates have remained constant in this period, even have decreased slightly, so the evolution of both phenomena does not allow to establish a positive relationship between them. Nevertheless, empirical evidence has shown that the immigration experiences differ according to local host conditions. In this way, some contexts would facilitate the involvement of immigrants in criminal activities. Empirical studies that address the family and social circumstances of immigrants at the local level and from a criminological perspective have not been carried out in Spain. To fill this gap, an approach has been made to the self-reported crime of settled immigrants, the conditions of their environment and their perceptions on social control. 174 structured interviews were conducted between 2017 and 2018 to a convenience sample of immigrants, who have lived three or more years in the city of Málaga, to study the relationship between local host conditions and crime, and the perception on social control. Findings grouped by country of origin show that some factors strengthen the integration of certain groups and allow us to know the level of legitimacy given to the police and the justice system. All this contributes to obtain a better knowledge of the settled immigrant population and the needs required in terms of local public policies.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Efecto de los ciclos de hidratación y deshidratación en la germinación de nueve especies del Desierto Chihuahuense

"Plants from drylands have developed strategies to germinate even in places where available humidity is sporadic with large periods of drought. Previous works determined germination of cacti species as a response to discontinuous humidity events (“seed hydration memory”). This study is aimed at assessing whether species of the Chihuahuan Desert show a seed hydration memory. Our hypothesis is that seeds of desert species can tolerate periods of dehydration after single or multiple hydration events and subsequently germinate more and faster. We evaluated nine species: Sartwellia mexicana, Echinocactus platyacanthus, Cucurbita foetidissima, Lepidium virginicum, Lesquerella berlandieri, Yucca filifera, Atriplex canescens, Nassella tenuissima, and Ferocactus pilosus, using four treatments: T1 = 24 hours hydration/5 days dehydration (HD), T2 = Three consecutive cycles of 24 hours hydration/5 days dehydration, T3 = 72 hours hydration /5 d dehydration, and T4 = Control. Echinocactus platyacanthus, Nassella tenuissima, Ferocactus pilosus, and Lepidium virginicum showed higher germination with HD treatments than the control. Ferocactus pilosus and Lepidium virginicum had the highest germination in T2, Nassella tenuissima in T3, Echinocactus platyacanthus in any HD treatment while Yucca filifera in the control and T2. Yucca filifera and F. pilosus had the lowest germination rate (t50) in T2; E. platyacanthus in T1 and T2. The remaining species didn’t show differences in t50 between treatments. These results indicate that at least some desert species germinate more and faster after single or multiple hydration- dehydration events evincing the ability of those seeds to retain, during dehydration, the physiological changes produced from seed hydration.""Las especies de zonas áridas han desarrollado estrategias para germinar con poca humedad disponible y prolongadas sequías. Se ha reportado que algunas cactáceas responden a eventos de humedad discontinuos (“memoria de hidratación”). Aquí se evaluó si semillas de especies del Desierto Chihuahuense presentan “memoria de hidratación”. Nuestra hipótesis es que las semillas de especies del desierto pueden tolerar periodos de deshidratación después de eventos de hidratación simples o múltiples y germinar más y más rápido. Se evaluaron nueve especies: Atriplex canescens, Cucurbita foetidissima, Echinocactus platyacanthus, Ferocactus pilosus, Lepidium virginicum, Lesquerella berlandieri, Nassella tenuissima, Sartwellia mexicana, y Yucca flifera, con los siguientes tratamientos: T1 = 24 horas hidratación/5 días deshidratación (HD), T2 = Tres ciclos consecutivos de 24 horas hidratación/5 días deshidratación, T3 = 72 h hidratación/5 días deshidratación y T4 = Testigo. Echinocactus platyacanthus, N. tenuissima, F. pilosus y L. virginicum presentaron mayor germinación con HD que con el testigo. Ferocactus pilosus y L. virginicum tuvieron la mayor germinación con T2, N. tenuissima con T3, E. platyacanthus con cualquiera de los tratamientos de HD y Y. flifera con el testigo y T2. Yucca flifera y F. pilosus mostraron la menor tasa de germinación (t50) en T2 y E. platyacanthus con T1 y T2. El resto de las especies no presentaron diferencias. Estos resultados indican que al menos algunas especies del desierto germinan más y más rápido después de eventos simples o múltiples de hidratación-deshidratación evidenciando su habilidad para mantener, durante la deshidratación, los cambios fsiológicos producidos por la hidratación.

The thyroid hormone receptors inhibit hepatic interleukin-6 signaling during endotoxemia

Decreased thyroidal hormone production is found during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic shock in animals as well as in critically ill patients. Here we studied the role of the thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) in activation of STAT3, NF-ΰ B and ERK, which play a key role in the response to inflammatory cytokines during sepsis. TR knockout mice showed down-regulation of hepatic inflammatory mediators, including interleukin 6 (IL-6) in response to LPS. Paradoxically, STAT3 and ERK activity were higher, suggesting that TRs could act as endogenous repressors of these pathways. Furthermore, hyperthyroidism increased cytokine production and mortality in response to LPS, despite decreasing hepatic STAT3 and ERK activity. This suggested that TRs could directly repress the response of the cells to inflammatory mediators. Indeed, we found that the thyroid hormone T3 suppresses IL-6 signalling in macrophages and hepatocarcinoma cells, inhibiting STAT3 activation. Consequently, the hormone strongly antagonizes IL-6-stimulated gene transcription, reducing STAT3 recruitment and histone acetylation at IL-6 target promoters. In conclusion, TRs are potent regulators of inflammatory responses and immune homeostasis during sepsis. Reduced responses to IL-6 should serve as a negative feedback mechanism for preventing deleterious effects of excessive hormone signaling during infections.This work was supported by Grants: BFU2011-28058, BFU2014-53610P and SAF2015-71878-REDT from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; S2011/BMD-2328 from the Comunidad de Madrid and RD12/0036/0030 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos II

The Thyroid Hormone Receptors Modulate the Skin Response to Retinoids

[Background]: Retinoids play an important role in skin homeostasis and when administered topically cause skin hyperplasia, abnormal epidermal differentiation and inflammation. Thyroidal status in humans also influences skin morphology and function and we have recently shown that the thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are required for a normal proliferative response to 12-O-tetradecanolyphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mice. [Methodology/Principal Findings]: We have compared the epidermal response of mice lacking the thyroid hormone receptor binding isoforms TRα1 and TRβ to retinoids and TPA. Reduced hyperplasia and a decreased number of proliferating cells in the basal layer in response to 9-cis-RA and TPA were found in the epidermis of TR-deficient mice. Nuclear levels of proteins important for cell proliferation were altered, and expression of keratins 5 and 6 was also reduced, concomitantly with the decreased number of epidermal cell layers. In control mice the retinoid (but not TPA) induced parakeratosis and diminished expression of keratin 10 and loricrin, markers of early and terminal epidermal differentiation, respectively. This reduction was more accentuated in the TR deficient animals, whereas they did not present parakeratosis. Therefore, TRs modulate both the proliferative response to retinoids and their inhibitory effects on skin differentiation. Reduced proliferation, which was reversed upon thyroxine treatment, was also found in hypothyroid mice, demonstrating that thyroid hormone binding to TRs is required for the normal response to retinoids. In addition, the mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 and the chemotactic proteins S1008A and S1008B were significantly elevated in the skin of TR knock-out mice after TPA or 9-cis-RA treatment and immune cell infiltration was also enhanced. [Conclusions/significance]: Since retinoids are commonly used for the treatment of skin disorders, these results demonstrating that TRs regulate skin proliferation, differentiation and inflammation in response to these compounds could have not only physiological but also therapeutic implications.This work was supported by grants BFU2007-62402 and SAF2008-00121 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, RD06/0020/0036 and RD06/0020/0029 from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias and by the European Grant CRESCENDO (FP-018652).Peer reviewe

Perfiles resilientes de estudiantes de los grados 6° y 7° de una institución educativa del sector rural del municipio de Belén de Umbría (Risaralda).

Maestría en Educación desde la Diversidad, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas.Esta investigación se orientó con el propósito de reconocer los perfiles resilientes de estudiantes de los grados 6° y 7° de una Institución Educativa del sector rural del municipio de Belén de Umbría (Risaralda), a partir del análisis de los niveles de resiliencia de los estudiantes y las percepciones de las docentes, relacionadas con sus fortalezas personales. Metodológicamente el diseñó corresponde a un estudio de casos, ya que éste favorece la indagación y la observación de un fenómeno educativo en su contexto real. Los instrumentos empleados para la recolección de la información fueron la entrevista semiestructurada y el Inventario de anomia Asiliente y resiliencia nómica (IAR). Los resultados del estudio permiten identificar que los estudiantes comparten características asociadas a resiliencia, dando lugar a los siguientes perfiles: a) el primero, corresponde a los estudiantes que se ubican en los niveles alto y muy alto de resiliencia, caracterizados por su conciencia y sociabilidad. b) un segundo perfil, que incluye estudiantes que se ubican en un nivel medio, caracterizados por su autoestima, esperanza, responsabilidad y tolerancia a la frustración. Por supuesto, esto no significa que los otros pilares no se interpreten como rasgos resilientes en los estudiantes, pues, en ellos también se percibió afrontamiento y autonomía en menor grado