4,933 research outputs found
Subsidiary capability upgrading and parent-subsidiary relationship: insights from a Chinese acquisition in the UK
Purpose: - This study aims to explore capability upgrading of EMNE’s subsidiaries in developed countries and how the parent-subsidiary relationship influences such upgrading. Design/methodology/approach: - The study adopts an interdisciplinary approach to capability upgrading of EMNEs subsidiaries in developed countries. It employs a single case study to explore this under-research area. Finding: - the analysis challenges the orthodox view and suggests broad based capability upgrading has taken place in the EMNE acquired subsidiaries ranging from product, process, functional to intersectoral. In addition, the capability upgrading was contingent on the degree of subsidiary autonomy and subsidiary mandates. Originality/value: - This study represents one of the first to examine capability upgrading and parent-subsidiary relationship in the context of EMNEs’ internationalisation activities
Neutron Scattering and magnetization studies of BaCuCoOCl: A decorated two-dimensional antiferromagnet
BaCuOCl has two inter-penetrating square Cu sublattices, one
with square root 2 times the in-plane spacing of the other. Isotropic magnetic
interactions between the two sublattices are completely frustrated. Quantum
fluctuations resolve the intrinsic degeneracy in the ordering direction of the
more weakly coupled sublattice in favor of collinear ordering. We present
neutron scattering and magnetization studies of the magnetic structure when the
Cu ions are substituted with Co. The Co spins create new magnetic interactions
between the two sublattices. The ordering behavior of both Cu sublattices is
retained largely unmodified. Between the phase transitions of the two
sublattices spin-glass behavior is observed. Magnetization results show a
strong enhancement to the ferromagnetic aspect of the magnetic structure. The
combination of glassy behavior and large moments strongly suggest that the Co
moments induce the formation of local canted states.Comment: 4 figure
Delivering speech and language therapy services to young people in custody
Introduction: When a caregiver is fully present with a person with intellectual disability, it leads to a rich relationship of greater understanding. The purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of Presence through an exposure experience.
Methods: The researcher engaged in an exposure experience of 1 month at a centre for adults with intellectual disability to experience the interaction between caregivers (n = 4) and residents (n = 10) and have reflective conversations with caregivers regarding their experience of providing care. She also kept a reflective journal and had several reflective conversations with a mentor, an expert in Presence. Thematic data analysis was employed.
Results: Two main themes emerged, namely, ‘engaging in an exposure’ and ‘insights on Presence’. An exposure is a meaningful process of becoming aware. Presence is about recognising, awareness, perspective, connecting and attuning. Presence leads to good care but requires readiness in the caregiver. Management through relationship is important.
Implications: The understanding gained from this research can be used to further refine the concept Presence, as experienced in the context of care for adults with intellectual disability. An in‐service training programme is offered for the caregivers at the centre regarding being present for one another and for the resident
Colloidal templating at a cholesteric - oil interface: Assembly guided by an array of disclination lines
We simulate colloids (radius m) trapped at the interface between
a cholesteric liquid crystal and an immiscible oil, at which the helical order
(pitch p) in the bulk conflicts with the orientation induced at the interface,
stabilizing an ordered array of disclinations. For weak anchoring strength W of
the director field at the colloidal surface, this creates a template, favoring
particle positions eitheron top of or midway between defect lines, depending on
. For small , optical microscopy experiments confirm this
picture, but for larger no templating is seen. This may stem from the
emergence at moderate W of a rugged energy landscape associated with defect
reconnections.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
A New Look At Carbon Abundances In Planetary Nebulae. III. DDDM1, IC 3568, IC4593, NGC 6210, NGC 6720, NGC 6826, & NGC 7009
This paper is the third in a series reporting on a study of carbon abundances
in a carefully chosen sample of planetary nebulae representing a large range in
progenitor mass and metallicity. We make use of the IUE Final Archive database
containing consistently-reduced spectra to measure line strengths of C III]
1909 along with numerous other UV lines for the planetary nebulae DDDM1, IC
3568, IC 4593, NGC 6210, NGC 6720, NGC 6826, & NGC 7009. We combine the IUE
data with line strengths from optical spectra obtained specifically to match
the IUE slit positions as closely as possible, to determine values for the
abundance ratios He/H, O/H, C/O, N/O, and Ne/O. The ratio of C III] 1909/C II
4267 is found to be effective for merging UV and optical spectra when He II
1640/4686 is unavailable. Our abundance determination method includes a 5-level
program whose results are fine-tuned by corrections derived from detailed
photoionization models constrained by the same set of emission lines. All
objects appear to have subsolar levels of O/H, and all but one show N/O levels
above solar. In addition, the seven planetary nebulae span a broad range in C/O
values. We infer that many of our objects are matter bounded, and thus the
standard ionization correction factor for N/O may be inappropriate for these
PNe. Finally, we estimate C/O using both collisionally-excited and
recombination lines associated with C+2 and find the well established result
that abundances from recombination lines usually exceed those from
collisionally-excited lines by several times.Comment: 36 pages, 7 tables, 2 figures, latex. Tables and figures supplied as
two separate postscript files. Accepted for publication in Ap
C/C ratio in planetary nebulae from the IUE archives
We investigated the abundance ratio of C/C in planetary nebulae
by examining emission lines arising from \ion{C}{3} 2s2p ^3P_{2,1,0} \to 2s^2
^1S_0. Spectra were retrieved from the International Ultraviolet Explorer
archives, and multiple spectra of the same object were coadded to achieve
improved signal-to-noise. The C hyperfine structure line at 1909.6 \AA
was detected in NGC 2440. The C/C ratio was found to be
1.2. In all other objects, we provide an upper limit for the flux
of the 1910 \AA line. For 23 of these sources, a lower limit for the
C/C ratio was established. The impact on our current
understanding of stellar evolution is discussed.
The resulting high signal-to-noise \ion{C}{3} spectrum helps constrain the
atomic physics of the line formation process. Some objects have the measured
1907/1909 flux ratio outside the low-electron density theoretical limit for
C. A mixture of C with C helps to close the gap somewhat.
Nevertheless, some observed 1907/1909 flux ratios still appear too high to
conform to the presently predicted limits. It is shown that this limit, as well
as the 1910/1909 flux ratio, are predominantly influenced by using the standard
partitioning among the collision strengths for the multiplet --
according to the statistical weights. A detailed calculation for the fine
structure collision strengths between these individual levels would be
valuable.Comment: ApJ accepted: 19 pages, 3 Figures, 2 Table
A realistic assessment of methods for extracting gene/protein interactions from free text
Background: The automated extraction of gene and/or protein interactions from the literature is one of the most important targets of biomedical text mining research. In this paper we present a realistic evaluation of gene/protein interaction mining relevant to potential non-specialist users. Hence we have specifically avoided methods that are complex to install or require reimplementation, and we coupled our chosen extraction methods with a state-of-the-art biomedical named entity tagger. Results: Our results show: that performance across different evaluation corpora is extremely variable; that the use of tagged (as opposed to gold standard) gene and protein names has a significant impact on performance, with a drop in F-score of over 20 percentage points being commonplace; and that a simple keyword-based benchmark algorithm when coupled with a named entity tagger outperforms two of the tools most widely used to extract gene/protein interactions. Conclusion: In terms of availability, ease of use and performance, the potential non-specialist user community interested in automatically extracting gene and/or protein interactions from free text is poorly served by current tools and systems. The public release of extraction tools that are easy to install and use, and that achieve state-of-art levels of performance should be treated as a high priority by the biomedical text mining community
Pillared two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks based on a lower-rim acid appended calix[4]arene
Solvothermal reactions of the lower-rim functionalized diacid calix[4]arene 25,27-bis(methoxycarboxylic acid)-26,28-dihydroxy-4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene (LH₂) with Zn(NO₃)₂•6H₂O and the dipyridyl ligands 4,4/-bipyridyl (4,4/-bipy), 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (DPE) or 4,4/-azopyridyl (4,4/-azopy) afforded a series of 2-D structures of the formulae {[Zn(4,4/-bipy)(L)]•2¼DEF}n (1), {[Zn₂(L)(DPE)]•DEF}n (2) and {[Zn(OH₂)₂(L)(4,4/-azopy)]•DEF}n (3) (DEF = diethylformamide)
Hierarchical assembly of discrete copper(ii) metallo-structures from pre-assembled dinuclear (bis-beta-diketonato)metallocycles and flexible difunctional co-ligands
The sequential interaction of preformed [Cu(L) (THF)] (where HL is 1,1-(1,3-phenylene)-bis(4,4-dimethylpentane-1,3-dione incorporating a 1,3-phenylene linker between its two β-diketone domains) and [Cu (L)]·2HO (where H L is 1,1-(4,4′-oxybiphenylene)-bis(4,4- dimethylpentane-1,3-dione) incorporating a flexible oxybiphenylene linkage between the two β-diketone groups) with the potentially difunctional aliphatic non-planar co-ligands, N-methylpiperazine (mpip), N,N′- dimethylpiperazine (dmpip) and 1,4-thiomorpholine (thiomorph) is reported. A series of extended molecular assemblies exhibiting a range of di- and tetranuclear assemblies were obtained and their X-ray structures determined. Dinuclear [Cu(L)(mpip)] ·2mpip incorporates two 5-coordinate, square pyramidal metal centres as does tetranuclear [{Cu(L)} (dmpip)]·2dmpip. In contrast, dinuclear [Cu (L)(dmpip)]·dmpip and [{Cu(L)}(thiomorph) ]·3thiomorph each contain two 5-coordinate and two 6-coordinate centres. Each of [Cu(L)(THF) ]·2THF and Cu(L)(mpip) ]·HO incorporate only 5-coordinate metal centres, with the latter complex forming a one-dimensional hydrogen bonded ribbon-like structure directed along the crystallographic a-axis. In keeping with the documented tendency for the smallest, least strained assembly to form in supramolecular self-assembly processes, the incorporation of the flexible "oxy" linkage between the 4,4′-linked phenylene rings of H L results in generation of a dinuclear [Cu L] species rather than a trinuclear (triangular) [CuL] species of the type formed by the more rigid bis-β-diketonato ligand analogue in which the biphenylene rings separating the β-diketone domains are directly coupled in their 4,4′ positions
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