Tópica e discurso: reflexões sobre o direito como prática social

Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra.Localização na estante: 340.12 T674eOrganizado por: Claudia Roesler, Isaac Reis e Celso R. L. dos Santo

Understanding the gastrointestinal tract of the elderly to develop dietary solutions that prevent malnutrition

Although the prevalence of malnutrition in the old age is increasing worldwide a synthetic understanding of the impact of aging on the intake, digestion, and absorption of nutrients is still lacking. This review article aims at filling the gap in knowledge between the functional decline of the aging gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the consequences of malnutrition on the health status of elderly. Changes in the aging GIT include the mechanical disintegration of food, gastrointestinal motor function, food transit, chemical food digestion, and functionality of the intestinal wall. These alterations progressively decrease the ability of the GIT to provide the aging organism with adequate levels of nutrients, what contributes to the development of malnutrition. Malnutrition, in turn, increases the risks for the development of a range of pathologies associated with most organ systems, in particular the nervous-, muscoskeletal-, cardiovascular-, immune-, and skin systems. In addition to psychological, economics, and societal factors, dietary solutions preventing malnutrition should thus propose dietary guidelines and food products that integrate knowledge on the functionality of the aging GIT and the nutritional status of the elderly. Achieving this goal will request the identification, validation, and correlative analysis of biomarkers of food intake, nutrient bioavailability, and malnutrition.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A experiência do grupo PET - políticas públicas e agroecologia na campanha contra o uso de agrotóxicos e pela vida

O Programa de Educação Tutorial – PET/ Conexões de Saberes - Políticas Públicas e Agroecologia - da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – UFFS, Campus Laranjeiras do Sul – PR tem desenvolvido projetos de extensão objetivando difundir o conhecimento sobre a Agroecologia e esclarecimentos sobre agrotóxicos. Um dos projetos foi a elaboração de uma cartilha com os desenhos dos concursos realizados nas escolas da região, nos anos de 2012 e 2013. Essa cartilha explorou conceitos através de um jogo didático com foco em crianças de 8 a 12 anos. O projeto de capina química em áreas urbanas, realizado em 2014, buscou denunciar para a comunidade essa prática ilegal que ainda ocorre na região. Os trabalhos culminaram em uma oficina, oferecida durante a III Feira Regional de Economia Solidária e Agroecologia – FESA, em 2015, onde foi possível alertar a comunidade sobre os problemas gerados pelos agrotóxicos.Eje: B6 Desarrollo rural, movimientos sociales, Estado y agroecología (Relatos de experiencias)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

A experiência do grupo PET - políticas públicas e agroecologia na campanha contra o uso de agrotóxicos e pela vida

O Programa de Educação Tutorial – PET/ Conexões de Saberes - Políticas Públicas e Agroecologia - da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – UFFS, Campus Laranjeiras do Sul – PR tem desenvolvido projetos de extensão objetivando difundir o conhecimento sobre a Agroecologia e esclarecimentos sobre agrotóxicos. Um dos projetos foi a elaboração de uma cartilha com os desenhos dos concursos realizados nas escolas da região, nos anos de 2012 e 2013. Essa cartilha explorou conceitos através de um jogo didático com foco em crianças de 8 a 12 anos. O projeto de capina química em áreas urbanas, realizado em 2014, buscou denunciar para a comunidade essa prática ilegal que ainda ocorre na região. Os trabalhos culminaram em uma oficina, oferecida durante a III Feira Regional de Economia Solidária e Agroecologia – FESA, em 2015, onde foi possível alertar a comunidade sobre os problemas gerados pelos agrotóxicos.Eje: B6 Desarrollo rural, movimientos sociales, Estado y agroecología (Relatos de experiencias)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Genome-wide analyses reveal a highly conserved Dengue virus envelope peptide which is critical for virus viability and antigenic in humans.

Targeting regions of proteins that show a high degree of structural conservation has been proposed as a method of developing immunotherapies and vaccines that may bypass the wide genetic variability of RNA viruses. Despite several attempts, a vaccine that protects evenly against the four circulating Dengue virus (DV) serotypes remains elusive. To find critical conserved amino acids in dengue viruses, 120 complete genomes of each serotype were selected at random and used to calculate conservation scores for nucleotide and amino acid sequences. The identified peptide sequences were analysed for their structural conservation and localisation using crystallographic data. The longest, surface exposed, highly conserved peptide of Envelope protein was found to correspond to amino acid residues 250 to 270. Mutation of this peptide in DV1 was lethal, since no replication of the mutant virus was detected in human cells. Antibodies against this peptide were detected in DV naturally infected patients indicating its potential antigenicity. Hence, this study has identified a highly conserved, critical peptide in DV that is a target of antibodies in infected humans

Transcriptional profiling of leukocytes in critically ill COVID19 patients: implications for interferon response and coagulation

BACKGROUND: COVID19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and has been associated with severe inflammation leading to organ dysfunction and mortality. Our aim was to profile the transcriptome in leukocytes from critically ill patients positive for COVID19 compared to those negative for COVID19 to better understand the COVID19-associated host response. For these studies, all patients admitted to our tertiary care intensive care unit (ICU) suspected of being infected with SARS-CoV-2, using standardized hospital screening methodologies, had blood samples collected at the time of admission to the ICU. Transcriptome profiling of leukocytes via ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNAseq) was then performed and differentially expressed genes as well as significantly enriched gene sets were identified. RESULTS: We enrolled seven COVID19 + (PCR positive, 2 SARS-CoV-2 genes) and seven age- and sex-matched COVID19- (PCR negative) control ICU patients. Cohorts were well-balanced with the exception that COVID19- patients had significantly higher total white blood cell counts and circulating neutrophils and COVID19 + patients were more likely to suffer bilateral pneumonia. The mortality rate for this cohort of COVID19 + ICU patients was 29%. As indicated by both single-gene based and gene set (GSEA) approaches, the major disease-specific transcriptional responses of leukocytes in critically ill COVID19 + ICU patients were: (i) a robust overrepresentation of interferon-related gene expression; (ii) a marked decrease in the transcriptional level of genes contributing to general protein synthesis and bioenergy metabolism; and (iii) the dysregulated expression of genes associated with coagulation, platelet function, complement activation, and tumour necrosis factor/interleukin 6 signalling. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that critically ill COVID19 + patients on day 1 of admission to the ICU display a unique leukocyte transcriptional profile that distinguishes them from COVID19- patients, providing guidance for future targeted studies exploring novel prognostic and therapeutic aspects of COVID19

DESAFIOS DOS ESTUDOS “ESTADO DA ARTE”: ESTRATÉGIAS DE PESQUISA NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO

Os estudos do estado da arte permitem sistematizar um determinado campo do conhecimento,mapear e reconhecer as produções, identificando temáticas e abordagens dominantes eemergentes, bem como lacunas e campos inexplorados abertos à pesquisa, num recorte temporaldefinido. Este artigo apresenta caminhos percorridos por acadêmicas de doutorado do Programade Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM/RS) naprodução do estado da arte de cada uma das temáticas a serem desenvolvidas em suas teses. Nosresultados, discutimos diferentes estratégias adotadas, possibilidades e desafios deste tipo deestudo, destacando aspectos como: a delimitação do olhar face ao grande número de trabalhosrealizados e publicados, o estabelecimento de metas e categorias de análise, a relatividade e aincompletude inerente às pesquisas desse cunho

Being physically active leads to better recovery prognosis for people diagnosed with COVID-19: A cross-sectional study

The regular practice of physical activity helps in the prevention and control of several non-communicable diseases. However, evidence on the role of physical activity in mitigating worsening clinical outcomes in people with COVID-19 is still unclear. The aim of this study was to verify whether different levels of physical activity provide protection for clinical outcomes caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 509 adults (43.8 +/- 15.71 years; 61.1% female) with a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 residing in Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants were interviewed by telephone to determine the severity of the infection and the physical activity performed. Binary logistic regression was used to indicate the odds ratio (OR) of active people reporting less harmful clinical outcomes from COVID-19. Active people had a lower chance of hospitalization, fewer hospitalization days, less respiratory difficulty and needed less oxygen support. The results suggest that active people, compared to sedentary people, have a lower frequency of hospitalization, length of stay, breathing difficulty and need for oxygen support. These results corroborate the importance of public policies to promote the practice of physical activity, in order to mitigate the severity of the clinical outcomes of COVID-19.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio