32,108 research outputs found
A study of fatigue crack closure using electric potential and compliance techniques
Compared are closure data produced on the same specimen by the crack tip compliance gage and electric potential techniques. Experiments on 7075-T651 aluminum center cracked panels produced equivalent results on closure using the two techniques. The results also indicated that closure is a function of stress ratio, specimen thickness and maximum applied stress intensity. Maximum stress intensity had a strong effect on closure in the range of applied stresses used. This dependence of closure on specimen thickness and maximum stress intensity accounts for many of the discrepencies in closure behavior reported in the literature
Periodic photometric variability of the brown dwarf Kelu-1
We have detected a strong periodicity of 1.80+/-0.05 hours in photometric
observations of the brown dwarf Kelu-1. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the
variation is ~1.1% (11.9+/-0.8 mmag) in a 41nm wide filter centred on 857nm and
including the dust/temperature sensitive TiO & CrH bands. We have identified
two plausible causes of variability: surface features rotating into- and
out-of-view and so modulating the light curve at the rotation period; or,
elliposidal variability caused by an orbiting companion. In the first scenario,
we combine the observed vsin(i) of Kelu-1 and standard model radius to
determine that the axis of rotation is inclined at 65+/-12 degrees to the line
of sight.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Standardized field testing of assistant robots in a Mars-like environment
Controlled testing on standard tasks and within standard environments can provide meaningful performance comparisons between robots of heterogeneous design. But because they must perform practical tasks in unstructured, and therefore non-standard, environments, the benefits of this approach have barely begun to accrue for field robots. This work describes a desert trial of six student prototypes of astronaut-support robots using a set of standardized engineering tests developed by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), along with three operational tests in natural Mars-like terrain. The results suggest that standards developed for emergency response robots are also applicable to the astronaut support domain, yielding useful insights into the differences in capabilities between robots and real design improvements. The exercise shows the value of combining repeatable engineering tests with task-specific application-testing in the field
The role of the energy equation in the fragmentation of protostellar discs during stellar encounters
In this paper, we use high-resolution smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH)
simulations to investigate the response of a marginally stable self-gravitating
protostellar disc to a close parabolic encounter with a companion discless
star. Our main aim is to test whether close brown dwarfs or massive planets can
form out of the fragmentation of such discs. We follow the thermal evolution of
the disc by including the effects of heating due to compression and shocks and
a simple prescription for cooling and find results that contrast with previous
isothermal simulations. In the present case we find that fragmentation is
inhibited by the interaction, due to the strong effect of tidal heating, which
results in a strong stabilization of the disc. A similar behaviour was also
previously observed in other simulations involving discs in binary systems. As
in the case of isolated discs, it appears that the condition for fragmentation
ultimately depends on the cooling rate.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, accepted in MNRA
Confined coherence and analytic properties of Green's functions
A simple model of noninteracting electrons with a separable one-body
potential is used to discuss the possible pole structure of single particle
Green's functions for fermions on unphysical sheets in the complex frequency
plane as a function of the system parameters. The poles in the exact Green's
function can cross the imaginary axis, in contrast to recent claims that such a
behaviour is unphysical. As the Green's function of the model has the same
functional form as an approximate Green's function of coupled Luttinger liquids
no definite conclusions concerning the concept of "confined coherence" can be
drawn from the locations of the poles of this Green's function.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure
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What is the impact of psychiatric decision units on mental health crisis care pathways? Protocol for an interrupted time series analysis with a synthetic control study
Background
The UK mental health system is stretched to breaking point. Individuals presenting with mental health problems wait longer at the ED than those presenting with physical concerns and finding a bed when needed is difficult â 91% of psychiatric wards are operating at above the recommended occupancy rate. To address the pressure, a new type of facility â psychiatric decision units (also known as mental health decision units) â have been introduced in some areas. These are short-stay facilities, available upon referral, targeted to help individuals who may be able to avoid an inpatient admission or lengthy ED visit. To advance knowledge about the effectiveness of this service for this purpose, we will examine the effect of the service on the mental health crisis care pathway over a 4-year time period; the 2 years proceeding and following the introduction of the service. We use aggregate service level data of key indicators of the performance of this pathway.
Methods
Data from four mental health Trusts in England will be analysed using an interrupted time series (ITS) design with the primary outcomes of the rate of (i) ED psychiatric presentations and (ii) voluntary admissions to mental health wards. This will be supplemented with a synthetic control study with the same primary outcomes, in which a comparable control group is generated for each outcome using a donor pool of suitable National Health Service Trusts in England. The methods are well suited to an evaluation of an intervention at a service delivery level targeting population-level health outcome and the randomisation or âtrialabilityâ of the intervention is limited. The synthetic control study controls for national trends over time, increasing our confidence in the results. The study has been designed and will be carried out with the involvement of service users and carers.
Discussion
This will be the first formal evaluation of psychiatric decision units in England. The analysis will provide estimates of the effect of the decision units on a number of important service use indicators, providing much-needed information for those designing service pathways
Identification of Coulomb blockade and macroscopic quantum tunneling by noise
The effects of Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling (MQT) and Coulomb Blockade (CB)
in Josephson junctions are of considerable significance both for the
manifestations of quantum mechanics on the macroscopic scale and potential
technological applications. These two complementary effects are shown to be
clearly distinguishable from the associated noise spectra. The current noise is
determined exactly and a rather sharp crossover between flux noise in the MQT
and charge noise in the CB regions is found as the applied voltage is changed.
Related results hold for the voltage noise in current-biased junctions.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, epl.cls include
A search for electron cyclotron maser emission from compact binaries
Unipolar induction (UI) is a fundamental physical process, which occurs when
a conducting body transverses a magnetic field. It has been suggested that UI
is operating in RX J0806+15 and RX J1914+24, which are believed to be
ultra-compact binaries with orbital periods of 5.4 min and 9.6 min
respectively. The UI model predicts that those two sources may be electron
cyclotron maser sources at radio wavelengths. Other systems in which UI has
been predicted to occur are short period extra-solar terrestrial planets with
conducting cores. If UI is present, circularly polarised radio emission is
predicted to be emitted. We have searched for this predicted radio emission
from short period binaries using the VLA and ATCA. In one epoch we find
evidence for a radio source, coincident in position with the optical position
of RX J0806+15. Although we cannot completely exclude that this is a chance
alignment between the position of RX J0806+15 and an artifact in the data
reduction process, the fact that it was detected at a significance level of 5.8
sigma and found to be transient, suggests that it is more likely that RX
J0806+15 is a transient radio source. We find an upper limit on the degree of
circular polarisation to be ~50%. The inferred brightness temperature exceeds
10^18 K, which is too high for any known incoherent process, but is consistent
with maser emission and UI being the driving mechanism. We did not detect radio
emission from ES Cet, RX J1914+24 or Gliese 876.Comment: Accepted for publication MNRA
Post-Foucauldian governmentality: what does it offer critical social policy analysis?
This article considers the theoretical perspective of post-Foucauldian governmentality, especially the insights and challenges it poses for applied researchers within the critical social policy tradition. The article firstly examines the analytical strengths of this approach to understanding power and rule in contemporary society, before moving on to consider its limitations for social policy. It concludes by arguing that these insights can be retained, and some of the weaknesses overcome, by adopting a ârealist governmentalityâ approach (Stenson 2005, 2008). This advocates combining traditional discursive analysis with more ethnographic methods in order to render visible the concrete activity of governing, and unravel the messiness, complexity and unintended consequences involved in the struggles around subjectivity
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