Inferring the post-merger gravitational wave emission from binary neutron star coalescences

We present a robust method to characterize the gravitational wave emission from the remnant of a neutron star coalescence. Our approach makes only minimal assumptions about the morphology of the signal and provides a full posterior probability distribution of the underlying waveform. We apply our method on simulated data from a network of advanced ground-based detectors and demonstrate the gravitational wave signal reconstruction. We study the reconstruction quality for different binary configurations and equations of state for the colliding neutron stars. We show how our method can be used to constrain the yet-uncertain equation of state of neutron star matter. The constraints on the equation of state we derive are complimentary to measurements of the tidal deformation of the colliding neutron stars during the late inspiral phase. In the case of a non-detection of a post-merger signal following a binary neutron star inspiral we show that we can place upper limits on the energy emitted.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, final published versio

Stereoselective synthesis of medium-sized cyclic ethers by sequential ring-closing metathesis and Tsuji–Trost allylation

Fully functionalized medium-sized cyclic ethers, of the type found in fused polyether natural products, have been prepared by sequential ring-closing diene metathesis, conversion of the resulting cyclic enone into an allylic enol carbonate, and Tsuji–Trost allylation using a chiral palladium complex. Very high levels of diastereocontrol, favoring the diastereomer in which there is a cis relationship between the allyl group at C-2 of the medium-ring ether and the substituent at C-7/C-8, are obtained in cases where catalyst control and substrate control are matched

Inferring the Post-Merger Gravitational Wave Emission from Binary Neutron Star Coalscences

We present a robust method to characterize the gravitational wave emission from the remnant of a neutron star coalescence. Our approach makes only minimal assumptions about the morphology of the signal and provides a full posterior probability distribution of the underlying waveform. We apply our method on simulated data from a network of advanced ground-based detectors and demonstrate the gravitational wave signal reconstruction. We study the reconstruction quality for different binary configurations and equations of state for the colliding neutron stars. We show how our method can be used to constrain the yet-uncertain equation of state of neutron star matter. The constraints on the equation of state we derive are complimentary to measurements of the tidal deformation of the colliding neutron stars during the late inspiral phase. In the case of a nondetection of a post-merger signal following a binary neutron star inspiral we show that we can place upper limits on the energy emitted

Enzymatic hydrolysis of waste fats, oils and greases (FOGs) : Status, prospective, and process intensification alternatives

The increasing global generation of waste fats, oils, and greases (FOGs) is resulting in a cascade of economic, environmental, and public health issues as mismanagement is a common practice worldwide. Hence industrial exploitation and valorization is required towards a circular economy within the oleochemical industry. FOGs suitable for further oleochemical exploitation include used cooking oils, trap greases, mill effluents, rendering fats, spent earths from filtration and bleaching, deodorization distillates, soapstocks, and sewage sludges, among others. However main challenge for FOGs harnessing are their heterogeneity and the high content of impurities, acidity, and water. Alternatively, waste FOGs could be subjected to complete hydrolysis to recover free fatty acids (FFAs), which are widely used oleochemical feedstocks. Different catalysts have been explored for this process, however, lipases are of particular interest because they are able to work on low-quality feedstocks under milder operating conditions. This paper reviews most recent investigations on the enzymatic hydrolysis of waste FOGs, describing main processes characteristics, operating conditions, challenges, current attempts to improve enzymes performance, the use of combined chemical processes to improve feedstock utilization, and the implementation of intensified processing technologies. Potential for industrial implementation and future research possibilities in the process intensification field are identified

Highly photoluminescent copper carbene complexes based on prompt rather than delayed fluorescence

Linear two-coordinate copper complexes of cyclic (alkyl)(amino)-carbenes (CAAC)CuX (X = halide) show photoluminescence with solid-state quantum yields of up to 96%; in contrast to previously reported Cu photoemitters the emission is independent of temperature over the range T = 4 – 300 K and occurs very efficiently by prompt rather than delayed fluorescence, with lifetimes in the sub-nanosecond range

Catalytic Enantioselective [2,3]-Rearrangements of Allylic Ammonium Ylides: A Mechanistic and Computational Study

The research leading to these results (T. H. W., J. E. T., G. C. L.-J. and A.D.S) has received funding from the ERC under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / E.R.C. grant agreements n° 279850 and n° 340163. A.D.S. thanks the Royal Society for a Wolfson Research Merit Award. P.H.-Y.C. is the Bert and Emelyn Christensen Professor and gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Stone Family of OSU. Financial support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) (CHE-1352663) is acknowledged. D.M.W. acknowledges the Bruce Graham and Johnson Fellowships of OSU. A.C.B. acknowledges the Johnson Fellowship of OSU. D.M.W., A.C.B., and R.C.J. and P.H.-Y.C. also acknowledge computing infrastructure in part provided by the NSF Phase2 CCI, Center for Sustainable Materials Chemistry (CHE1102637).A mechanistic study of the isothiourea-catalyzed enantioselective [2,3]-rearrangement of allylic ammonium ylides is described. Reaction kinetic analyses using 19F NMR and density functional theory computations have elucidated a reaction profile and allowed identification of the catalyst resting state and turnover-rate limiting step. A catalytically-relevant catalyst-substrate adduct has been observed, and its constitution elucidated unambiguously by 13C and 15N isotopic labeling. Isotopic entrainment has shown the observed catalyst-substrate adduct to be a genuine intermediate on the productive cycle towards catalysis. The influence of HOBt as an additive upon the reaction, catalyst resting state, and turnover-rate limiting step has been examined. Crossover experiments have probed the reversibility of each of the proposed steps of the catalytic cycle. Computations were also used to elucidate the origins of stereocontrol, with a 1,5-S•••O interaction and the catalyst stereodirecting group providing transition structure rigidification and enantioselectivity, while preference for cation-π interactions over C-H•••π is responsible for diastereoselectivity.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe