La SEF, un modelo solidario. (Caso de estudio)

Corrían los años sesenta, época de grandes inquietudes y espíritu de cambio. En una de las cálidas y agradables tardes de la ciudad de Cali, un grupo de dirigentes universitarios y empresariales, deseosos de ofrecer a la comunidad posibilidades económicas para mejorar sus niveles de educación, dan origen a una nueva empresa, la SEF, y es así como nace en el Valle del Cauca una empresa con filosofía solidaria. La idea se cristalizó al crear una organización que sirviera como agencia de promoción de esfuerzos a favor de la educación superior, a través de la universidad de la región. Jurídicamente la SEF nace el 29 de diciembre de 1964, como institución de servicio social de carácter privado, sin ánimo de lucro y regulada por el derecho privado. De conformidad con los estatutos iniciales la Fundación dedicaría sus esfuerzos a buscar el apoyo de los sectores comunitarios en favor de la universidad regional.

Método de obtención de oxido de material pregrafítico, oxido de grafeno o grafeno a partir de materiales pregrafíticos y productos obtenidos por dicho método

Método de obtención de óxido de material pregrafítico, óxido de grafeno o grafeno a partir de materiales pregrafíticos y productos obtenidos por dicho método. Método de obtención de un producto seleccionado del grupo que consiste en óxido de material pregrafítico, óxido de grafeno y grafeno, caracterizado porque comprende transformar al menos un material pregrafítico en el producto sin tratamiento de grafitización. Preferiblemente, el material pregrafítico es coque (comercial o preparado a partir de breas, tanto de petróleo como de carbón o sintéticas)Peer reviewedConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasB1 Patente sin examen previ

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Genetic association study in a cohort of spanish children

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a strong genetic component. The study is aimed to test the association of 34 polymorphisms with ADHD symptomatology considering the role of clinical subtypes and sex in a Spanish population. Methods: A cohort of ADHD 290 patients and 340 controls aged 6–18 years were included in a case–control study, stratified by sex and ADHD subtype. Multivariate logistic regression was used to detect the combined effects of multiple variants. Results: After correcting for multiple testing, we found several significant associations between the polymorphisms and ADHD (p value corrected ≤0.05): (1) SLC6A4 and LPHN3 were associated in the total population; (2) SLC6A2, SLC6A3, SLC6A4 and LPHN3 were associated in the combined subtype; and (3) LPHN3 was associated in the male sample. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the influence of these variables for the total sample, combined and inattentive subtype, female and male sample, revealing that these factors contributed to 8.5, 14.6, 2.6, 16.5 and 8.5 % of the variance respectively. Conclusions: We report evidence of the genetic contribution of common variants to the ADHD phenotype in four genes, with the LPHN3 gene playing a particularly important role. Future studies should investigate the contribution of genetic variants to the risk of ADHD considering their role in specific sex or subtype, as doing so may produce more predictable and robust modelsThis study was supported by the following research grants: Fundacion Alicia Koplowitz (4019-004), Biobank of Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Hospital (RD09/0076/00101, Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases -CIBERER (06/07/0036). The work of CG-S is supported by a Fundacion Conchita Rabago Gran

Analizando el sesgo implícito de género en Óptica y Fotónica en la etapa predoctoral en España

Gender biases play a very significant role in areas related to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The association of gender with certain attributes, behaviors or professions leads to a lower proportion of women in STEM. In the field of Optics and Photonics, we can identify a gender disparity between technical or bio-clinical approaches within the same area when examining the authorship of the defended thesis. In this work, we quantify the impact of implicit gender bias in the Ph.D. programs related to Optics and Photonics in Spain. Here we present an exhaustive study about the UNESCO descriptors of the theses defended within 2015-2020 through the open-access repository TESEO, where all the doctoral theses of Spanish universities are compiled. The doctorate program of each thesis is considered and classified into a technical or bio-clinical category. With this classification, we quantify the number of male and female authors within each category, and the results show up a clear unbalance in most of the evaluated descriptors: men are more likely to choose technical doctorate programs, while women are mostly present in clinical or biological programs. This difference is seen even in descriptors where both genders are equally represented. On one side, women’s underrepresentation is higher in “Physics”, “Astronomy and Astrophysics”, “Earth and Space Sciences”, and “Technological Sciences”. Oppositely, the areas of “Chemistry”, “Life Sciences”, and “Medical Sciences” show a greater gender-balanced distribution for most of the descriptors.Los prejuicios de género desempeñan un papel muy importante en áreas relacionadas con la ciencia, la tecnología, la ingeniería y las matemáticas (STEM). La asociación del género con determinados atributos, comportamientos o profesiones conduce a una menor proporción de mujeres en STEM. En el campo de la Óptica y la Fotónica, podemos identificar una disparidad de género entre enfoques técnicos o bioclínicos dentro de la misma área al examinar la autoría de la tesis defendida. En este trabajo, cuantificamos el impacto del sesgo implícito de género en los programas de doctorado relacionados con la Óptica y Fotónica en España. Aquí presentamos un estudio exhaustivo sobre los descriptores UNESCO de las tesis defendidas en el periodo 2015-2020 a través del repositorio de acceso abierto TESEO, donde se recopilan todas las tesis doctorales de las universidades españolas. Se considera el programa de doctorado de cada tesis y se clasifica en una categoría técnica o bioclínica. Con esta clasificación, cuantificamos el número de autores y autoras dentro de cada categoría, y los resultados muestran un claro desequilibrio en la mayoría de los descriptores evaluados: los hombres son más propensos a elegir programas de doctorado técnicos, mientras que las mujeres están mayoritariamente presentes en programas clínicos o biológicos. Esta diferencia se observa incluso en los descriptores en los que ambos sexos están representados por igual. Por un lado, la infrarrepresentación femenina es mayor en "Física", "Astronomía y Astrofísica", "Ciencias de la Tierra y del Espacio" y "Ciencias Tecnológicas". Por el contrario, las áreas de "Química", "Ciencias de la Vida" y "Ciencias Médicas" muestran una distribución más equilibrada entre hombres y mujeres en la mayoría de los descriptores

Humoral and cellular immune response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents with rheumatic diseases

Background: Data about safety and efficacy of the mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adolescents with rheumatic diseases (RD) is scarce and whether these patients generate a sufficient immune response to the vaccine remains an outstanding question. Objective: To evaluate safety and humoral and cellular immunity of the BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents 12 to 18 years with RD and immunosuppressive treatment compared with a healthy control group. Methods: Adolescents from 12 to 18 years with RD followed at Hospital La Paz in Madrid (n = 40) receiving the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination were assessed 3 weeks after complete vaccination. Healthy adolescents served as controls (n = 24). Humoral response was measured by IgG antiSpike antibodies, and cellular response by the quantity of IFN-γ and IL-2 present in whole blood stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 Spike and M proteins. Results: There were no differences in spike-specific humoral or cellular response between groups (median IFN-γ response to S specific protein; 528.80 pg/ml in controls vs. 398.44 in RD patients, p 0.78, and median IL-2 response in controls: 635.68 pg/ml vs. 497.30 in RD patients, p 0.22. The most frequent diagnosis was juvenile idiopathic arthritis (26/40, 65%) followed by Lupus (6/40, 15%). 60% of cases (23/40) received TNF inhibitors and 35% (14/40) methotrexate. 40% of patients (26/64) had previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, 9 in the control group and 17 in the RD patients without differences. Of note, 70% of infections were asymptomatic. A higher IFN-γ production was found in COVID-19 recovered individuals than in naive subjects in both groups (controls: median 859 pg/ml in recovered patients vs. 450 in naïve p 0.017, and RD patients: 850 in recovered vs. 278 in naïve p 0.024). No serious adverse events or flares were reported following vaccination. Conclusions: We conclude that standard of care treatment for adolescents with RD including TNF inhibitors and methotrexate did not affect the humoral and the cellular immunity to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination compared to a healthy control group. The previous contact with SARS-CoV-2 was the most relevant factor in the immune response.This work has been partially supported by a grant from Merck & Co (USA) MISP Call, Reference # 60465.S

Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Serranía de Ronda (Málaga-Cádiz),southern Spain

As a result of a field trip organised by the Spanish Lichen Society in Serranía de Ronda, south Spain, a catalogue of 360 taxa is presented (336 lichens, 24 lichenicolous fungi). The list includes three new records for the Iberian Peninsula: Arthonia paretinaria, Micarea myriocarpa and Niesslia keissleri, 51new ones for the Autonomous Andalusian Community, and three and 81 new ones for the province of Cádiz and of Málaga, respectively. After these results, the total updated number of the province of Málaga rises to 556 lichens and lichenicolous fungi. The best represented lichen genus is Cladonia (18) with the most species, unlike Lecanora (15), Pertusaria (12), Physconia (12) and Collema (9). As regard habitat, most lichen species are mainly corticolous (55%), as opposed to saxicolous (24%), terricolous (14%) as the species growing on other lichens as lichenicolous fungi (7%). The percentages of lichen growth forms are mainly foliose (50%) and crustose (31%), while fruticose (7%), crustose squamulose (6%) and dimorphic (6%) are less represented. The lichen with a green photobiont (Chlorophyta 84%) predominates, while the cyanobacteria photobiont (15%) is less represented

Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Serranía de Ronda (Málaga-Cádiz), southern Spain

As a result of a field trip organised by the Spanish Lichen Society in Serranía de Ronda, south Spain, a catalogue of 360 taxa is presented (336 lichens, 24 lichenicolous fungi). The list includes three new records for the Iberian Peninsula: Arthonia paretinaria, Micarea myriocarpa and Niesslia keissleri, 51new ones for the Autonomous Andalusian Community, and three and 81 new ones for the province of Cádiz and of Málaga, respectively. After these results, the total updated number of the province of Málaga rises to 556 lichens and lichenicolous fungi. The best represented lichen genus is Cladonia (18) with the most species, unlike Lecanora (15), Pertusaria (12), Physconia (12) and Collema (9). As regard habitat, most lichen species are mainly corticolous (55%), as opposed to saxicolous (24%), terricolous (14%) as the species growing on other lichens as lichenicolous fungi (7%). The percentages of lichen growth forms are mainly foliose (50%) and crustose (31%), while fruticose (7%), crustose squamulose (6%) and dimorphic (6%) are less represented. The lichen with a green photobiont (Chlorophyta 84%) predominates, while the cyanobacteria photobiont (15%) is less represented

Semillas en el tiempo : el latinoamericanismo filosófico contemporáneo

Los trabajos que conforman este Iibro giran en torno a un eje: los filósofos latinoamericanistas contemporáneos, desde 1950 en adelante. Todos ellos pensadores que han reflexionado desde adentro, desde el continente acerca de la identidad cultural y social de América Latina: ¿qué es América, qué es ser americano, cuál es su historia, cuáles son sus contribuciones, qué problemas se derivan de sus relaciones con el Occidente, qué problemas del pasado inciden en su presente, de qué modo debe asumir ese pasado, qué conflictos se desprenden de su estructura de clases? Éstas son algunas de las preguntas que vertebran el nuevo movimiento, que se cuestiona fuertemente la identidad latinoamericana. La relevancia especial de "Semillas en el tiempo" reside en que los autores de los estudios son destacados especialistas en la materia, tanto por sus conocimientos acerca de la Filosofía, como por su dedicación al estudio de la problemática latinoamericana