52 research outputs found

    Structural Characterisation of Printable Noble Metal/Poly(Vinyl-­Alcohol) Nanocomposites for Optical Applications

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    This work was conducted under the aegis of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the United Kingdom (EP/I004173/1). Amin Abdolvand is an EPSRC Career Acceleration Fellow at the University of Dundee.In order to enable exploitation of noble metal/poly(vinyl-alcohol) nanocomposites for device fabrication, solutions of poly(vinyl-alcohol) suitable for piezo-driven inkjet printing techniques are identified and discussed in terms of their material properties. The printable poly(vinyl-alcohol) medium is then exploited as a host material through the formation of silver or gold nanoparticles in order to create nanocomposites that exhibit a surface plasmon resonance behaviour associated with the small metallic inclusions. To mitigate some of the material redistribution effects associated with the drying of printed droplets containing finely divided materials, the metallic nanoparticles are formed after the printing and drying process is completed, by way of an in-situ reduction of an appropriate metal salt by the poly(vinyl-alcohol)-host matrix itself, which takes place at modest temperatures compatible with most substrate materials. An obvious application for such nanocomposites is in optical elements whereby the surface plasmon resonance associated with the metal is the functional aspect of devices such as sensors or active optical elements. High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy was used to examine the dimensions, distribution, morphology and crystal structure of the silver and gold nanoparticles in detail allowing discussion of their suitability for these applications and what further optimisation may be necessary to adequately control their formation.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

    Genome-wide mapping of sister chromatid exchange events in single yeast cells using Strand-seq

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    Homologous recombination involving sister chromatids is the most accurate, and thus most frequently used, form of recombination-mediated DNA repair. Despite its importance, sister chromatid recombination is not easily studied because it does not result in a change in DNA sequence, making recombination between sister chromatids difficult to detect. We have previously developed a novel DNA template strand sequencing technique, called Strand-seq, that can be used to map sister chromatid exchange (SCE) events genome-wide in single cells. An increase in the rate of SCE is an indicator of elevated recombination activity and of genome instability, which is a hallmark of cancer. In this study, we have adapted Strand-seq to detect SCE in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We provide the first quantifiable evidence that most spontaneous SCE events in wild-type cells are not due to the repair of DNA double-strand breaks

    Évaluation et prise en charge de la douleur aiguĂ« chez l'enfant aux Urgences de Salon de Provence. Étude comparative aprĂšs mise en place d'un protocole

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    Introduction : l’évaluation et la prise en charge de la douleur chez l’enfant est une obligation souvent mal rĂ©alisĂ©e ou insuffisamment rĂ©alisĂ©e. Notre objectif sera d’analyser l’évaluation et la prise en charge de la douleur chez les enfants aux urgences de Salon de Provence avant et aprĂšs mise en place d’un protocole.MĂ©thode : nous avons rĂ©alisĂ© une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective comparative sur l’évaluation et la prise en charge de la douleur chez l’enfant aprĂšs instauration d'EVENDOL dans le SAU de Salon de Provence (SdP). La population inclue Ă©tait tous les enfants de moins de 15 ans et 3 mois consultants aux urgences gĂ©nĂ©rales de SdP, non orientĂ©s en pĂ©diatrie, pour un motif mĂ©dical ou chirurgical relatif Ă  une douleur potentielle. Nos recueils de donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ© Ă  l’aide de TU et DxCare sur les pĂ©riodes du 1er au 22 mars 2018 puis du 1er au 22 juillet 2018. EVENDOL a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©butĂ© dĂšs juin 2018.RĂ©sultats : il y a eu respectivement 168 et 155 patients inclus dans chaque partie de l’étude. La mise en place du protocole EVENDOL a entraĂźnĂ© une amĂ©lioration de l’évaluation de la douleur passant de 60%,12 Ă  84,52% particuliĂšrement notable pour les enfants de 0 Ă  3 ans inclus (de 29,03% Ă  84,25%) et de 4 Ă  6 ans inclus (de 52,78% Ă  81,08%). L’utilisation d’une Ă©chelle adaptĂ©e s’est amĂ©liorĂ©e aprĂšs protocole augmentant Ă  94,66% contre 80,20% initialement. L’utilisation d’EVENDOL, nulle au cours du premier recueil, est passĂ©e aprĂšs instauration du protocole respectivement Ă  87,50% et 46,67% des enfants de 0 Ă  3 ans inclus et de 4 Ă  6 ans inclus. Le protocole a permis une augmentation de 44,74% Ă  74,36% sur l’administration d’un traitement antalgique lorsque celui‐ci Ă©tait nĂ©cessaire.Conclusions : la mise en place d’un protocole EVENDOL a entraĂźnĂ© une amĂ©lioration notable sur l’évaluation et la prise en charge antalgique de la douleur en particulier des tous petits aux urgences de Salon de Provence. Il serait intĂ©ressant de poursuivre le travail par la mise en place d’un protocole thĂ©rapeutique dĂšs l’IOA conformĂ©ment aux recommandations HAS pour un soulagement de l’enfant plus prĂ©coce et optimale

    Quand la voix de l’album touche aux marges de la langue. Le petit Roi de RĂȘvolie de Marie-Sabine Roger et Aline Bureau

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    L’album peut ĂȘtre dĂ©fini comme mariant texte et images, oscillant entre poĂ©sie et narration. A travers l’exemple prĂ©cis du Petit Roi de RĂȘvolie – rĂ©cit de rĂȘve foisonnant de nĂ©ologismes –, nous nous interrogeons sur la place de la voix dans l’album : peut-on la dissocier du medium, de l’objet-livre ? Dans quelle mesure l’album se prĂȘte-t-il Ă  une mise en voix indĂ©pendante des illustrations ? Quels sont les dispositifs les plus aptes Ă  donner accĂšs Ă  la crĂ©ativitĂ©, Ă  la poĂ©ticitĂ© de l’album choisi 

    The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Regulates the Phosphorylation State of a Subset of DNA Checkpoint Proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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    The DNA and the spindle assembly checkpoints play key roles in maintaining genomic integrity by coordinating cell responses to DNA lesions and spindle dysfunctions, respectively. These two surveillance pathways seem to operate mostly independently of one another, and little is known about their potential physiological connections. Here, we show that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint triggers phosphorylation changes in two components of the DNA checkpoint, Rad53 and Rad9. These modifications are independent of the other DNA checkpoint proteins and are abolished in spindle checkpoint-defective mutants, hinting at specific functions for Rad53 and Rad9 in the spindle damage response. Moreover, we found that after UV irradiation, Rad9 phosphorylation is altered and Rad53 inactivation is accelerated when the spindle checkpoint is activated, which suggests the implication of the spindle checkpoint in the regulation of the DNA damage response
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