Therapeutic potential of essential oil of Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) in a rat model of ethanol-induced peptic ulcer

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of M. quinquenervia extract on ethanol-induced peptic ulcer in rats. Methods: The following three groups of (n = 6) Sprague Dawley rats were included in this study: vehicle (C), ethanol-administered (E) and ethanol + M. quinquenervia-treated (MQ). MQ group rats received 100 μg/mL M. quinquenervia essential oil just before 96 % ethanol induction (1 ml/kg). One hour after ulcer induction, the animals were euthanized, and gastric and duodenal tissues were removed. Tissue samples were analysed for myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, and histopathological examinations were performed by light microscopy. Results: Gastric and duodenal GSH levels that decreased in the ethanol-administered ulcer groups (p < 0.001), rose following MQ treatment (p < 0.5). Moreover, elevated MPO and MDA levels (p < 0.5) in gastric tissues decreased after MQ-treatment. Similarly, the MQ-treated group showed recovery and control-like morphology compared to the ethanol group in both gastric and duodenal tissues when examined by microscopy. Conclusion: The results indicate that M. quinquenervia extract has a positive impact on gastric injury in rats due to its antioxidant activity. Thus, the plant has a potential for the clinical management of gastric ulcer

Food in Society and Culture Conference Research across the Social Sciences and the Humanities

Conference Note

The Relationshıp Between Pre-Service Class Teachers' Self-Efficacy in Mathematical Literacy and Their Attitudes towards Mathematics

Teachers' perceptions of self-efficacy in mathematical literacy and their attitudes are influential in the development of cognitive and affective skills of students during the educational process. The research aims to examine the relationship between pre-service class teachers' self-efficacy in mathematical literacy and their attitudes towards math and to determine the relationship between them. The research was designed in relational screening model. The sample of the research is composed of 274 pre-service class teachers who were determined purposefully. Non-parametric analyzes were used because the scores were not normally distributed during the analysis phase of the data. In conclusion of the researchclass teachers' self-efficacy in mathematical literacy and their attitudes towards math were found to be at a medium level. There was a significant difference between self-efficacy in mathematical literacy and attitude towards mathematics and grade level, and no significant difference was found between gender and academic average. There was a high positive and significant relationship between self-efficacy in mathematical literacy and attitude towards mathematics. Keywords: Class teacher, Mathematics Education, Mathematical Literacy, Self-efficacy, Attitud

Adhesion of conventional and self-adhesive resin cements to indirect resin composite using different surface conditioning methods

This study evaluated the adhesion of conventional and self-adhesive resin cements to indirect resin composite (IRC) using different surface conditioning methods. Cylindrical IRC specimens (N = 192) were randomly assigned to four surface conditioning methods (n = 8 per group): (a) Control group, (b) Hydrofluoric acid, (c) Tribochemical silica-coating, and (d) 50 μm Al2O3 air-abrasion. Specimen surfaces were finished using silicon carbide papers up to 600 grit under water irrigation, rinsed and dried. Direct composite blocks were bonded to IRC specimens using three conventional resin cements (Multilink, Panavia F2.0, and Resicem) and three self-adhesive resin cements (RelyX U100, Gcem, Speed Cem). Specimens were subjected to shear bond strength test in a Universal Testing Machine (0.5 mm/min). Failure types were categorized as mixed, adhesive and cohesive. Data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. Two-parameter Weibull modulus, scale (m) and shape (0) were calculated. The bond strength results (MPa) were significantly affected by the surface conditioning method (p < 0.0001) and cement type (p < 0.001). For Panavia F2.0, Resicem, air-abrasion with 50 μm Al2O3 significantly increased the results (22.6 ± 6.5, 26.2 ± 6.5, respectively) compared to other conditioning methods (13.6 ± 1.4–21.9 ± 3.1) but for Multilink, hydrofluoric acid etching (20.5 ± 3.5) showed significantly higher results (p < 0.01). For the self-adhesive resin cements, air-abrasion with 50 μm Al2O3 significantly increased the results compared to other conditioning methods, except for RelyX U100 (p < 0.05). After air-abrasion with Al2O3, Gcem, (11.64), RelyX U100 (9.05), and SpeedCem (8.29) presented higher Weilbul moduli. Exclusively cohesive failure in the IRC was observed with RelyX U100 and Speedcem after Al2O3 air-abrasion

The association of malocclusion and trumpet performance

Objective:  To determine whether trumpet performance skills are associated with malocclusion. Materials and Methods:  Following institutional review board approval, 70 university trumpet students (54 male, 16 female; aged 20–38.9 years) were consented. After completing a survey, the students were evaluated while playing a scripted performance skills test (flexibility, articulation, range, and endurance exercises) on their instrument in a soundproof music practice room. One investigator (trumpet teacher) used a computerized metronome and a decibel meter during evaluation. A three-dimensional (3D) cone-beam computerized tomography scan (CBCT) was taken of each student the same day as the skills test. Following reliability studies, multiple dental parameters were measured on the 3D CBCT. Nonparametric correlations (Spearman), accepting P < .05 as significant, were used to determine if there were significant associations between dental parameters and the performance skills. Results:  Intrarater reliability was excellent (intraclass correlations; all r values > .94). Although associations were weak to moderate, significant negative associations (r ≤ −.32) were found between Little's irregularity index, interincisal inclination, maxillary central incisor rotation, and various flexibility and articulation performance skills, whereas significant positive associations (r ≤ .49) were found between arch widths and various skills. Conclusions:  Specific malocclusions are associated with trumpet performance of experienced young musicians

The Effect of Anterior Tooth Position on Trumpet Performance Quality

poster abstractObjective: Music teachers contend that the arrangement of anterior teeth affects trumpet performance by influencing the embouchure. Since there is little quantitative data to support this claim, the purpose of this study was to determine whether trumpet performance skills are associated with the malalignment of anterior teeth. Methods: Following IRB approval, 70 trumpet students (55M:15F; aged 20-38.9 yrs.) from 11 universities were consented to complete a survey concerning dental history and trumpet playing habits. The students were asked to play a scripted performance skill test (flexibility, range, endurance, and articulation exercises) on their instrument in a soundproof music practice room while being audio and video recorded. A threedimensional (3D) cone beam computerized tomograph (CBCT) was taken of each student the same day as the skill test. Following reliability studies, overjet, overbite, and degree of anterior tooth irregularity (Little’s Index) were measured on the 3D CBCT. Nonparametric correlations, accepting p0.8). Significant (p<0.05), but weak (r<0.30) associations were found only between Little’s Index of the mandibular anterior dentition and the performance skills: flexibility (exercises a, c and avg) and articulation (double tongue). No other associations were significant. Conclusions: University trumpet students with mandibular anterior teeth that are smoothly aligned have significantly better performance skills than those with misaligned mandibular anterior teeth; however, the association is weak

Thermo-mechanical behavior of titanium beryllide pebble beds at elevated temperatures

The thermomechanical behavior of titanium beryllide pebble beds was investigated experimentally at temperatures between 200 and 500°C in helium atmosphere at atmospheric pressure. The pebbles consist of a mixture of TiBe12 and Ti2Be17 titanate beryllide phases and a small residual amount of Be phase, denominated as Be-7.7Ti. Like previous experiments at ambient temperature [1], the pebble beds were compressed uniaxially up to 4.5MPa and the effective thermal conductivity k was measured using the hot wire technique. Compared to ambient temperature, the stress-strain curves do not differ significantly in investigated temperature range. Because the thermal conductivity of solid TiBe12 is fairly constant in a wide temperature range [2], k increases moderately with increasing temperature because of the increasing thermal conductivity of helium. Compared to beryllium pebble beds, the k of the Be-7.7Ti pebble beds increases again much lesser because of the significantly smaller thermal conductivity of the solid material and the mechanically harder behavior resulting in smaller contact surfaces

Seismic Behaviour of Water Front Structures with Tyre Chip Backfill

Water front structures have suffered significant damage in many of the recent earthquakes. One of the primary causes for the poor performance of these classes of structures is the liquefaction of the foundation soil and in some instances liquefaction of the backfill soil. The liquefaction of the soil in-front of the quay wall tends to cause large lateral displacements and rotation of the wall. Full or partial liquefaction of the backfill can result in the increase of lateral earth pressure exerted on the wall that can cause additional lateral displacement of the wall. In this paper numerical analyses of a gravity wall type water front structure will be considered. Often such gravity walls are placed on rubble mound that is deposited onto the sea bed. The problem will be based on a generic model although the simplifications in the generic model were derived based on observed failures of quay walls following the 1995 Kobe earthquake. The paper presents finite element analyses of such a problem in which strength degradation of the foundation soil and the backfill material will be modelled using PZ mark III constitutive relationship. At the Port and Airport Research Institute (PARI) in Japan the possibility of using tyre chips from used car tyres as the backfill material is being researched using 1G underwater shaking table and dynamic centrifuge modelling. The finite element analyses will be repeated by including a zone of backfill consisting of the tyre chips. The properties of this material will be derived from the element tests carried out at PARI. Finally the results from the analyses of the gravity wall founded rubble mound with liquefiable foundation soil and backfill will be compared to those with tyre chip backfill. The improvement in the performance of the wall in terms of decreased lateral displacements and/or reduction in the rotation suffered by the wall will be compared

On Newton's method applied to real polynomials

Agraïments: The first author would also like to thank the Ministerio de Ciencia y Innovacion of Spain for the financial support when visiting Boston University.It is known that if we apply Newton's method to the complex function F(z) = P(z)e Q(z), with deg(Q) > 2, then the immediate basin of attraction of the roots of P has finite area. In this paper we show that under certain conditions on P, if deg(Q) = 1, then there is at least one immediate basin of attraction having infinite area