Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 42, No. 2

• Charles E. Starry, Adams County Chair Maker • Lewis Miller\u27s Chronicle of York: A Picture of Life in Early America • Family Anecdotes from a Georges Creek Home • The Pennsylvania-German Schrank • The Barns of Towamensing Township • A Review of Robert F. Ensminger\u27s The Pennsylvania Barnhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/1136/thumbnail.jp

Association between testosterone, semen parameters, and live birth in men with unexplained infertility in an intrauterine insemination population

To determine whether men with unexplained infertility and low total T (TT) have abnormal spermatogenesis and lower fecundity. Secondary analysis of the prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial, Assessment of Multiple Intrauterine Gestations from Ovarian Stimulation (AMIGOS). Infertility clinics. Nine hundred couples with unexplained infertility enrolled in AMIGOS. Semen analysis with an ejaculate of at least 5 million total motile sperm was required for enrollment. For inclusion in this secondary analysis, a fasting TT was required. None. Logistic regression, adjusted for age and body mass index, assessed the association between low TT (defined as <264 ng/dL), semen parameters, and pregnancy outcome. Seven hundred eighty-one men (mean age, 34.2 ± 5.7 years) with a median (interquartile range) TT of 411 (318–520) ng/dL were included. Men with TT 264 ng/dL. The odds of live birth decreased by 40% in couples whose male partner had low TT (unadjusted OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36, 1.00; adjusted OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.38, 1.12). In couples with unexplained infertility, low TT in the male partner was associated with abnormal sperm morphology and lower live birth rates. NCT01044862. Asociación entre la testosterona, los parámetros seminales, y los nacidos vivos en hombres con infertilidad inexplicable en una población de inseminación intrauterina Determinar si los hombres con infertilidad inexplicable y testosterona total (TT) baja tienen espermatogénesis anormal y menor fecundidad. Análisis secundario del ensayo clínico prospectivo, aleatorizado, multicéntrico, Evaluación de Gestaciones Intrauterinas Múltiples a partir de Estimulación Ovárica (AMIGOS). Clínicas de infertilidad. Novecientas parejas con infertilidad inexplicada inscritas en AMIGOS. Análisis de semen con una eyaculación con al menos 5 millones de espermatozoides móviles totales para la participación en el estudio. Para su inclusión en este análisis secundario, se requirió una muestra en ayunas de TT. Ninguna. Regresión logística, ajustada por edad e índice de masa corporal, evaluando la asociación entre TT baja (definido como <264 ng/dL), parámetros del semen y resultado del embarazo. Se incluyeron setecientos ochenta y un hombres (edad media, 34.2 ± 5.7 años) con una mediana (rango intercuartil) de TT de 411 (318–520) ng / dL. Los hombres con TT 264 ng/dL. Las probabilidades de nacidos vivos disminuyeron en un 40% en las parejas cuyo compañero masculino tenía TT baja (OR no ajustada, 0.60; IC del 95%, 0.36; 1.00; OR ajustada, 0.65; IC del 95%, 0.38; 1.12). En parejas con infertilidad inexplicable, la TT baja en la pareja masculina se asoció con una morfología anormal de los espermatozoides y menores tasas de nacidos vivos

Differential daytime and night-time stomatal behavior in plants from North American deserts

Night-time stomatal conductance (g night) occurs in many ecosystems, but the g night response to environmental drivers is relatively unknown, especially in deserts. Here, we conducted a Bayesian analysis of stomatal conductance (g) (N=5013) from 16 species in the Sonoran, Chihuahuan, Mojave and Great Basin Deserts (North America). We partitioned daytime g (g day) and g night responses by describing g as a mixture of two extreme (dark vs high light) behaviors. Significant g night was observed across 15 species, and the g night and g day behavior differed according to species, functional type and desert. The transition between extreme behaviors was determined by light environment, with the transition behavior differing between functional types and deserts. Sonoran and Chihuahuan C4 grasses were more sensitive to vapor pressure difference (D) at night and soil water potential (ψ soil) during the day, Great Basin C3 shrubs were highly sensitive to D and ψ soil during the day, and Mojave C3 shrubs were equally sensitive to D and ψ soil during the day and night. Species were split between the exhibition of isohydric or anisohydric behavior during the day. Three species switched from anisohydric to isohydric behavior at night. Such behavior, combined with differential D, ψ soil and light responses, suggests that different mechanisms underlie g day and g night regulation