Punctuated Multi-Layered Liminality in Digital Transformation: The Case of an Automotive Platform

Digital transformation is often characterized as a liminal process as organizations move from established practices to new ways of organizing afforded by digital technology. Two contrasting views exist, however, on the liminality of digital transformation. One view sees liminality as a discrete transient process, while the other sees it as an on-going continuous transition. Building on a case study around a digital innovation initiative of an incumbent automotive car manufacturer, we offer a third view. We find that digital innovation triggers a phase of punctuated, multi-layered liminality that has a material, structural and temporal layer. We explain how material, temporal and structural tensions unfold at the level of practice, triggering new forms of liminal practices. We further develop three mechanisms (boundary testing, temporal bridging, and structural recoupling) that underpin punctuated multi-layered liminality. We contribute by unpacking the relationship between digital innovation and digital transformation

Detection of Broken Outer-Cage Bars for Double-Cage Induction Motors Under the Startup Transient

(c) 2009 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.[EN] Unlike single-cage rotor fault detection, fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based steady-state spectrum analysis techniques can fail to detect outer-cage faults in double-cage induction motors due to the small outer-cage current under running conditions. Double-cage motors are typically employed in applications that require loaded starts. This makes the outer cage vulnerable to fatigue failure since it must withstand the high starting current and long startup time frequently. However, there are only a few publications that investigate detection techniques specifically for double-cage motors. In this paper, considering that the influence of the faulty outer cage is strong at startup due to the large outer-cage current, detection of outer-cage faults under the startup transient is investigated. A discrete-wavelet-transform-based method is proposed as a viable solution to the detection of outer-cage faults for double-cage motors. An experimental study on fabricated copper double-cage induction motors shows that the proposed method provides sensitive and reliable detection of double-cage rotor faults compared to FFT.This work was supported in part by the Spanish “Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia,” in the framework of the “Programa Nacional de Proyectos de Investigación Fundamental,” under Project Reference DPI2008-06583/DPI, and in part by the Human Resources Development of Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning under Grant 20114010203010 funded by the Korean Government Ministry of Knowledge EconomyAntonino-Daviu, J.; Riera-Guasp, M.; Pons Llinares, J.; Park, J.; Lee, SB.; Yoo, J.; Kral, C. (2012). Detection of Broken Outer-Cage Bars for Double-Cage Induction Motors Under the Startup Transient. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 48(5):1539-1548. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2012.2210173S1539154848

Comprehensive analysis of proteins of pH fractionated samples using monolithic LC/MS/MS, intact MW measurement and MALDI-QIT-TOF MS

A comprehensive platform that integrates information from the protein and peptide levels by combining various MS techniques has been employed for the analysis of proteins in fully malignant human breast cancer cells. The cell lysates were subjected to chromatofocusing fractionation, followed by tryptic digestion of pH fractions for on-line monolithic RP-HPLC interfaced with linear ion trap MS analysis for rapid protein identification. This unique approach of direct analysis of pH fractions resulted in the identification of large numbers of proteins from several selected pH fractions, in which approximately 1.5 µg of each of the pH fraction digests was consumed for an analysis time of ca 50 min. In order to combine valuable information retained at the protein level with the protein identifications obtained from the peptide level information, the same pH fraction was analyzed using nonporous (NPS)-RP-HPLC/ESI-TOF MS to obtain intact protein MW measurements. In order to further validate the protein identification procedures from the fraction digest analysis, NPS-RP-HPLC separation was performed for off-line protein collection to closely examine each protein using MALDI-TOF MS and MALDI-quadrupole ion trap (QIT)-TOF MS, and excellent agreement of protein identifications was consistently observed. It was also observed that the comparison to intact MW and other MS information was particularly useful for analyzing proteins whose identifications were suggested by one sequenced peptide from fraction digest analysis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55964/1/1163_ftp.pd

Automated integration of monolith-based protein separation with on-plate digestion for mass spectrometric analysis of esophageal adenocarcinoma human epithelial samples

A unique approach of automating the integration of monolithic capillary HPLC-based protein separation and on-plate digestion for subsequent MALDI-MS analysis has been developed. All liquid-handling procedures were performed using a robotic module. This automated high-throughput method minimizes the amount of time and extensive labor required for traditional in-solution digestion followed by exhaustive sample cleanup and analysis. Also, precise positioning of the droplet from the capillary HPLC separation onto the MALDI plate allows for preconcentration effects of analytes for improved sensitivity. Proteins from primary esophageal Barrett's adenocarcinoma tissue were prefractionated by chromatofocusing and analyzed successfully by this automated configuration, obtaining rapid protein identifications through PMF and sequencing analyses with high sequence coverage. Additionally, intact protein molecular weight values were obtained as a means to further confirm protein identification and also to identify potential sequence modifications of proteins. This simple and rapid method is a highly versatile and robust approach for the analysis of complex proteomes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55811/1/3643_ftp.pd

Time delays in PG1115+080: new estimates

We report new estimates of the time delays in the quadruple gravitationally lensed quasar PG1115+080, obtained from the monitoring data in filter R with the 1.5-m telescope at the Maidanak Mountain (Uzbekistan, Central Asia) in 2004-2006. The time delays are 16.4 days between images C and B, and 12 days between C and A1+A2, with image C being leading for both pairs. The only known estimates of the time delays in PG1115 are those based on observations by Schechter et al. (1997) -- 23.7 and 9.4 days between images C and B, C and A1+A2, respectively, as calculated by Schechter et al., and 25 and 13.3 days as revised by Barkana (1997) for the same image components with the use of another method. The new values of time delays in PG 1115+080 may be expected to provide larger estimates of the Hubble constant thus decreasing a diversity between the H_0 estimates taken from gravitationally lensed quasars and with other methods.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter

Transparent organic light-emitting diodes with different bi-directional emission colors using color-conversion capping layers

We report a study on transparent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with different bidirectional emission colors, enabled by color-conversion organic capping layers. Starting from a transparent blue OLED with an uncapped Ag top electrode exhibiting an average transmittance of 33.9%, a 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl- 6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4Hpyran (DCM)-doped tris-(8-hydroxy-quinolinato)-aluminium (Alq3) capping layer is applied to achieve color-conversion from blue to orange-red on the top side while maintaining almost unchanged device transmittance. This color-conversion capping layer does not only change the color of the top side emission, but also enhances the overall device efficiency due to the optical interaction of the capping layer with the primary blue transparent OLED. Top white emission from the transparent bi-directional OLED exhibits a correlated color temperature around 6,000K-7,000K, with excellent color stability as evidenced by an extremely small variation in color coordinate of ∆(x,y) = (0.002, 0.002) in the forward luminance range of 100-1000 cd m-2. At the same time, the blue emission color of bottom side is not influenced by the color conversion capping layer, which finally results in different emission colors of the two opposite sides of our transparent OLEDsPostprintPeer reviewe

Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus with macroglossia diagnosed by methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR)

Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) has been associated with paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6, paternally inherited duplication of 6q24, or a methylation defect at a CpG island of the ZAC or HYMAI gene. We experienced a case of TNDM in which the patient presented with hyperglycemia, macroglossia, and intrauterine growth retardation, caused by a paternally derived HYMAI. An 18-day-old female infant was admitted to the hospital because of macroglossia and recurrent hyperglycemia. In addition to the macroglossia, she also presented with large fontanelles, micrognathia, and prominent eyes. Serum glucose levels were 200&amp&#59;#8211&#59;300 mg/dL and they improved spontaneously 2 days after admission. To identify the presence of a maternal methylated allele, bisulfite-treated genomic DNA from peripheral blood was prepared and digested with BssHII after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with methylation-specific HYMAI primers. PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed that the patient had only the paternal origin of the HYMA1 gene. TNDM is associated with a methylation defect in chromosome 6, suggesting that an imprinted gene on chromosome 6 is responsible for this phenotype

Chemoradiotherapy-induced increase in Th17 cell frequency in cervical cancer patients is associated with therapy resistance and early relapse

Cervical cancer therapy is still a major clinical challenge, as patients substantially differ in their response to standard treatments, including chemoradiotherapy (CRT). During cervical carcinogenesis, T-helper (Th)-17 cells accumulate in the peripheral blood and tumor tissues of cancer patients and are associated with poor prognosis. In this prospective study, we find increased Th17 frequencies in the blood of patients after chemoradiotherapy and a post-therapeutic ratio of Th17/CD4+ T cells > 8% was associated with early recurrence. Furthermore, Th17 cells promote resistance of cervical cancer cells toward CRT, which was dependent on the AKT signaling pathway. Consistently, patients with high Th17 frequencies in pretherapeutic biopsies exhibit lower response to primary CRT. This work reveals a key role of Th17 cells in CRT resistance and elevated Th17 frequencies in the blood after CRT correspond with early recurrence. Our results may help to explain individual treatment responses of cervical cancer patients and suggest evaluation of Th17 cells as a novel predictive biomarker for chemoradiotherapy responses and as a potential target for immunotherapy in cervical cancer

PG 1115+080: variations of the A2/A1 flux ratio and new values of the time delays

We report the results of our multicolor observations of PG 1115+080 with the 1.5-m telescope of the Maidanak Observatory (Uzbekistan, Central Asia) in 2001-2006. Monitoring data in filter R spanning the 2004, 2005 and 2006 seasons (76 data points) demonstrate distinct brightness variations of the source quasar with the total amplitude of almost 0.4 mag. Our R light curves have shown image C leading B by 16.4d and image (A1+A2) by 12d that is inconsistent with the previous estimates obtained by Schechter et al. in 1997 - 24.7d between B and C and 9.4d between (A1+A2) and C. The new values of time delays in PG 1115+080 must result in larger values for the Hubble constant, thus reducing difference between its estimates taken from the gravitational lenses and with other methods. Also, we analyzed variability of the A2/A1 flux ratio, as well as color changes in the archetypal "fold" lens PG 1115+080. We found the A1/A2 flux ratio to grow during 2001-2006 and to be larger at longer wavelengths. In particular, the A2/A1 flux ratio reached 0.85 in filter I in 2006. We also present evidence that both the A1 and A2 images might have undergone microlensing during 2001-2006, with the descending phase for A1 and initial phase for A2. We find that the A2/A1 flux ratio anomaly in PG 1115 can be well explained both by microlensing and by finite distance of the source quasar from the caustic fold.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRA

Mid‐IR supercontinuum noise reduction using a short piece of normal dispersion fiber ‐ a general mechanism

Mid-infrared (IR) supercontinuum (SC) lasers are important in applications such as pollution detection, stand-off detection, and non-destructive testing. The performance in many applications is limited by the noise level of the supercontinuum laser. High noise typically results in low sensitivities or a need for long integration times. In this paper, a simple technique to reduce the noise of high noise soliton-based SC sources is introduced by adding a short piece of normal dispersion fiber to force the spectrally distributed solitons to spectrally broaden through self-phase modulation and thereby overlap to average out the noise. The noise reduction is demonstrated experimentally and numerically using a ZBLAN fiber based mid-IR SC source and adding a short piece of highly nonlinear arsenic-sulfide fiber. However, the method is generally applicable to any soliton-based near-IR or mid-IR SC source. Its efficiency is underlined by experimentally comparing it to SC generation in fibers in which a second zero-dispersion wavelength provides the spectral alignment noise reduction mechanism