Apuntes para un mundo feliz : la violencia como experiencia iniciática en Los ojos de Lía

1 archivo PDF (14 páginas)El relato ilustrado Los ojos de Lía de Yuri Herrera y Patricio Betteo representa uno de los primeros acercamientos de la literatura infantil y juvenil a la violencia que actualmente sacude la sociedad mexicana. Propongo analizar la trama y la estrategia de venta del producto en el contexto de la producción narrativa mexicana contemporánea. Asimismo, discutiré los límites de la representación del trauma por medio de la construcción del sentido narrativo. Yuri Herrera’s and Patricio Betteo’s illustrated story Los ojos de Lía is one of the first approaches in the field of children’s and juvenile literature towards violence that presently perturbs Mexican society. My analysis proposes a contextualization of the plot and the sales strategy in the context of the contemporary production of Mexican narrative. Moreover I will discuss the limits of representation concerning trauma by means of the narrative construction of meaning. Palabra s clave Literatura infantil y juvenil, narración, comercialización del trauma, violencia, narcotráfico. Key words Children’s and juvenile literature, narrative, commercialization of trauma, violence, drug dealing. tyvlxl

Of wild dogs and lap dogs: to read a thriller on drug dealing violence

Este artículo vincula dos propuestas teóricas que permiten pensar la narrativa como estructura ficcional histórica y socialmente específica. La narrativa activa lo imaginario de modo que sirve, en el caso del thriller, como molde de aplicación que escenifica heterogeneidades. No obstante, esta transgresión de la normalidad y el retorno seguro a ella en el acto de lectura es justamente un proceso que produce sujetos normales. Con base en una reflexión teórica, la segunda parte de este texto analiza Perra brava de Orfa Alarcón, thriller que escenifica múltiples transgresiones de la normalidad por medio de la representación de la violencia propia del crimen organizado.This paper links two theoretical approaches, which allow an analysis of narrative fiction as an historical and socially specific structure. Fiction activates imagination and therefore is a model for the application of heterogeneities. Nevertheless, this transgression of normality and the save return to it in the act of reading is precisely a mechanism that produces “normal subjects”. On the basis of reflexive theory, the second part of this paper analyses Orfa Alarcon’s Perra brava, a thriller that stages multiple transgressions of normality by representing the typical violence of Mexican organized crime

El otro Proust

1 archivo PDF (5 páginas). fhquadragintaReseña para "El otro Proust" de Lehrer, Jonah, donde el autor aborda en sus ensayos las analogías entre diversas expresiones artísticas y la ciencia, particularmente, entre la literatura y la neurología. Este libro, además de ser una obra de difusión que de modo ejemplar explica teorías científicas complejas en términos sencillos para un público no especializado, es un muestrario sugerente de la imposibilidad de reconciliar el cisma epistémico entre la ciencia y las artes. Apoyándose en la dicotomía de las dos culturas de C. P. Snow, Lehrer señala el abismo entre ambas: “Scientist and artist continue to describe the world in incommensurate languages” (pp. 190-191). Con base en este diagnóstico, las convergencias entre fact y fiction brindan las coordenadas con las que juega el autor a lo largo de sus ensayos

La medicina mental en la novela corta hispana: el caso de Amado Nervo

The evolution of Amado Nervo’s novellas shows a constant communication with the paradigmatic shifts in the field of psychopathology. His metafictional constructs foreground a playful treatment of some of medicine’s key ideas. In some cases, the narrow limits of positivistic psychopathology are overcome in order to anticipate notions that obtain scientific status with modern psychology.La evolución de la novela corta de Amado Nervo muestra una comunicación constante con las transformaciones paradigmáticas en el campo de la psicopatología. Las construcciones metaficcionales hacen patente un tratamiento lúdico de algunas ideas clave de la disciplina médica. En algunos casos se superan los estrechos límites de la psicopatología positivista para anticipar planteamientos que adquieren estatuto científico con la psicología moderna

El lenguaje del juego, de Daniel Sada: ¿Un lugar para observar la violencia?

Este artículo analiza críticamente la representación de la violencia en El lenguaje del juego de Daniel Sada. La construcción narrativa de la novela reside en una rígida dicotomía entre la figura idealizada de la familia y los elementos criminales, la cual conduce a la oposición de los dos ámbitos de la normalidad y la anomia. La novela orienta a su lector intencionado con respecto a ambos extremos por medio de guiños metaficcionales, que lo llevan a un “viaje (no) normal” propio del thriller, convención que condiciona el sentido que adquiere la violencia representada. Este artículo contextualiza esta construcción de sentido dentro de las coordenadas del mercado transnacional de libros y del discurso hegemónico sobre los actores criminales en México

Literatura y medios digitales

Este artículo analiza críticamente diferentes ejes potenciales para abordar el fenómeno de la literatura digital con base en una extensa revisión de la literatura crítica al respecto. Después de discutir los posibles antecedentes análogos, el artículo introductorio señala algunos límites de los debates sobre el cambio cultural vinculado a la tecnología en general, y los cambios cognitivos y la computación en particular.This article is a critical analysis of different potential ways of discussing the phenomenon of electronic literature based on an extensive revision of the critical bibliography on the subject. After discussing its analogous precedents, this introductory essay explores some of the limits of the debate on cultural change due to technology in general, and cognitive changes as related to computation specifically. An analysis of some expressions of digital literature leads to the proposal of categories for further investigation, such as the momentary and corporeity. Together with some periodizations of digital literature history, the essay discusses some key concepts that are used to explain this artistic expression

Nachhaltigkeit von drei graslandbasierten Milchproduktionssystemen in der Schweiz mit der Bewertungsmethode RISE

Dairy farming is a key sector for Swiss agriculture and the food industry. Therefore, sustainability of dairy farms is important. Grassland-based farming systems are the most common production system, combining the indoor feeding of fresh grass with partial grazing. The effects of three dairy production systems (VW: full grazing plus on avg. 46±93 SD kg concentrate (KF), GFKF: indoor feeding/partial grazing plus on avg. 345±204 SD kg KF and GFKFplus: indoor feeding/partial grazing plus on avg. 1007±353 SD kg KF) on sustainability, according to RISE, were studied on 12 pilot farms in the lowland of Switzerland. In most of the sustainability themes, the farms performed medium to good according to the RISE evaluation scale. The GFKFplus farms produced the highest output of milk by low N- and P-self-sufficiency, showed the highest energy input and the lowest greenhouse gas output per kg milk. The GFKF group achieved remarkable results by moderate N-, P- and energy inputs. The VW farms showed a lower milk output but a higher level of feed self-sufficiency and a lower energy consumption. In the search for the optimal production strategy, farms should consider the individual farm structure (contiguous areas), the market potential but also social aspects such as the preferences of the farmer`s family

Screening and treatment for tuberculosis in a cohort of unaccompanied minor refugees in Berlin, Germany

INTRODUCTION: In 2015, 4062 unaccompanied minor refugees were registered in Berlin, Germany. According to national policies, basic clinical examination and tuberculosis (TB) screening is a prerequisite to admission to permanent accommodation and schooling for every refugee. This article evaluates the use of an interferon-γ-release-assay (IGRA) during the initial examination and TB screening of 970 unaccompanied minor refugees. RESULTS: IGRA test were obtained during TB screening for 301 (31.0%) of 970 adolescents not previously screened for TB. Positive IGRA results were obtained in 13.9% (42/301). Most of the 42 IGRA-positive refugees originated from Afghanistan or Syria (n?20 and 10 respectively). Two IGRA-positive adolescents were lost to follow-up, 2 were diagnosed with TB and the remaining 38 diagnosed with latent TB infection (LTBI). Demographic features of the 40 patients with positive IGRA result were as follows: 39 male, median age 16.8 years (IQR 16.0-17.2y), none meeting underweight criteria (median BMI 21.3kg/m2). On initial chest X-ray 2/40 participants had signs of active TB, while in 38 active disease was excluded and the diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI) made. Active hepatitis B-co-infection was diagnosed in 3/38 patients. All patients with LTBI received Isoniazid and Rifampicin for 3 months without occurrence of severe adverse events. The most frequently observed side effect was transient upper abdominal pain (n = 5). Asymptomatic elevation of liver transaminases was seen in 2 patients. 29 patients completed treatment with no signs of TB disease at the end of chemoprevention and 9 were lost to follow up. CONCLUSION: Screening for TB infection in minor refugees was feasible in our setting with a relatively high rate of TB infection detected. Chemopreventive treatment was tolerated well regardless of underlying hepatitis-B-status. Minor refugees migrating to Germany should be screened for TB infection, instead of TB disease only, regardless of the background TB incidence

Yeast XRS2 and human NBN gene: Experimental evidence for homology using codon optimized cDNA

The genes, XRS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and NBN in mammals, have little sequence identity at the amino acid level. Nevertheless, they are both found together with MRE11 and RAD50 in a highly conserved protein complex which functions in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Here, we have examined the evolutionary and functional relationship of these two genes by cross-complementation experiments. These experiments necessitated sequence correction for specific codon usage before they could be successfully conducted. We present evidence that despite extreme sequence divergence nibrin can, at least partially, replace Xrs2 in the cellular DNA damage response, and Xrs2 is able to promote nuclear localization of MRE11 in NBS cells. We discuss that the extreme sequence divergence reflects a unique adaptive pressure during evolution related to the specific eukaryotic role for both Xrs2 and nibrin in the subcellular localisation of the DNA repair complex. This, we suggest, is of particular relevance when cells are infected by viruses. The conflict hypothesis of co-evolution of DNA repair genes and DNA viruses may thus explain the very low sequence identity of these two homologous genes