Evaluation of Infliximab Effects on Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Crohn's Disease Using Double-Balloon Endoscopy

Tumor necrosis factor α plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). The effects of infliximab on gastrointestinal bleeding in CD have not yet been fully evaluated. Herein we describe three CD cases who presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and received infliximab treatment. In case 1, double-balloon endoscopy showed a large ulcer with several irregularly shaped ulcers in the terminal ileum; 8 weeks after infliximab administration, complete healing of all lesions was observed. In case 2, double-balloon endoscopy showed linear ulcers and mucosal edema in the jejunum and ileum; 5 weeks after infliximab administration, all lesions were decreased in size and were healed. In case 3, double-balloon endoscopy revealed ulcerations and stenosis in the terminal ileum; 12 weeks after infliximab administration, ulcer healing and an increased diameter of the ileal stenosis were observed. These three cases have been receiving ongoing infliximab maintenance therapy and are currently symptom-free. Infliximab thus appears to be useful for treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in CD patients

Leveraging Oversampling Techniques in Machine Learning Models for Multi-class Malware Detection in Smart Home Applications

Smart home applications are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to provide safety, comfort, and remote assistance. These applications are usually controlled using a smart home controller, which is often the target of malware attacks. A successful attack may result in financial loss, disclosure of personal and/or sensitive information, or even loss of human lives. Although existing research has employed machine learning models to detect various malware attacks in smart home systems, they haven't directly tackled the issue of class imbalance in this domain. In addition, the use of ensemble learners is expected to provide improved performance. To address this, we investigated different oversampling techniques to increase the number of samples in the minority classes and incorporated ensemble learners to see their impact on the prediction performance. Experimental evaluation indicates a marked enhancement of 4-5% across metrics, encompassing accuracy, precision, recall, and the F-1 score.</p

Arsenic in Bangladeshi soils related to physiographic region, paddy management, and mirco- and macro-elemental status

This work was done as part of a doctoral fellowship plan funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission in the UK. We gratefully acknowledge the Computer and GIS Unit of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC) for providing GIS files for soil mapping. The soil samples were imported into the UK under import license IMP/SOIL/6/2013 issued by Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture. L.H.E.W. and G.D.J. acknowledge funding by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF PP00P2_133619; PP00P2_163747).Peer reviewedPostprin