PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CUMIN (CUMINUM CYMINUM L.) SEED EXTRACT ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, TOXICITY, AND HEMATOLOGY ON HYPERLIPIDEMIC RABBITS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Objective: The present study is related with the assessment of anti-atherosclerotic efficacy of 70% EtOH extract of cumin seed in diet-induced hyperlipidemic rabbits.Methods: Rabbits were rendered hyperlipidemic by oral administration of cholesterol for 15 days. Then, the animals were treated with 70% EtOH (ethanolic extract) of cumin seed extract for 45 days (Group III). Another set of animals was treated with atorvastatin, the standard drug for 45 days. At the end of experimental period, the serum biochemical, hematological, and histological analysis of thoracic aorta was done.Results: The cumin seed extract showed contain hypolipidemic effect by reducing plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides level. While toxicological studies suggest no adverse effect on renal and liver function tests, hematological parameters were also observed in a normal range. Histological analysis showed that cholesterol administration caused a narrowing of the aortal lumen while treatment with 70% EtOH and atorvastatin decreased the plaque size and restored the luminal size of the aorta to normal.Conclusion: The present study suggests that commonly used culinary spice cumin seed possesses hypolipidemic and cardioprotective effect with a positive effect on serum biochemistry, histology, and hematology

The study of adverse drug reactions of antihypertensive medicines in essential hypertension patients in Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Background: Every drug has the potentiality to cause an adverse drug reaction (ADR). ADRs are a major problem in drug therapy .The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and causality of ADRs to antihypertensive agents used for the essential hypertensive patients attending at the general medicine out patients departments of Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar Odisha, during the time period of November 2016 to October 2018.Methods: This prospective-observational study was carried out in general medicine outpatient department of Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha.Results: Out of 254 patients, 78 (30.71%) patients were developed ADRs to antihypertensive drugs. 51 (65.38%) were female and 27 (34.62%) were male. Calcium channel blockers were the commonest therapeutic class of antihypertensive drugs associated with ADRs (n = 50, 64.10%). According to WHO causality assessment scale most of the ADRs were “probable” 41 (52.56%), followed by “possible” 21 (26.92%), unclassifiable 13 (16.67%) and unlikely 3 (3.85%).Conclusions: The results of this study concluded that antihypertensive drugs able to induce the development of adverse drug reactions, which were significant cause of increase burden on health care system and decrease the quality of life, the health care professionals should take care about the rational use of antihypertensive agents. Thus, to minimize the incidence of adverse drug reaction and to increase the quality of life

Defending Against Byzantine Attacks in CRNs: PCA-Based Malicious User Detection and Weighted Cooperative Spectrum Sensing

Cognitive radio (CR) technology is a viable solution for assisting secondary users to share the licensed radio spectrum of primary users. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) enhances the accuracy of spectrum sensing in a CR network. However, the effectiveness of CSS can be compromised by malicious users (MUs) who intentionally send false sensing information to the fusion center. This letter focuses on enhancing the CSS performance and detecting the MUs. We propose a machine learning technique to identify and classify MUs in a CR network using the Principal Component Analysis algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm in detecting MUs and enhancing CSS performance is validated through simulation experiments

Discovery and functional prioritization of Parkinson's disease candidate genes from large-scale whole exome sequencing.

BACKGROUND: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has been successful in identifying genes that cause familial Parkinson's disease (PD). However, until now this approach has not been deployed to study large cohorts of unrelated participants. To discover rare PD susceptibility variants, we performed WES in 1148 unrelated cases and 503 control participants. Candidate genes were subsequently validated for functions relevant to PD based on parallel RNA-interference (RNAi) screens in human cell culture and Drosophila and C. elegans models. RESULTS: Assuming autosomal recessive inheritance, we identify 27 genes that have homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants in PD cases. Definitive replication and confirmation of these findings were hindered by potential heterogeneity and by the rarity of the implicated alleles. We therefore looked for potential genetic interactions with established PD mechanisms. Following RNAi-mediated knockdown, 15 of the genes modulated mitochondrial dynamics in human neuronal cultures and four candidates enhanced α-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration in Drosophila. Based on complementary analyses in independent human datasets, five functionally validated genes-GPATCH2L, UHRF1BP1L, PTPRH, ARSB, and VPS13C-also showed evidence consistent with genetic replication. CONCLUSIONS: By integrating human genetic and functional evidence, we identify several PD susceptibility gene candidates for further investigation. Our approach highlights a powerful experimental strategy with broad applicability for future studies of disorders with complex genetic etiologies

Breast cancer management pathways during the COVID-19 pandemic: outcomes from the UK ‘Alert Level 4’ phase of the B-MaP-C study

Abstract: Background: The B-MaP-C study aimed to determine alterations to breast cancer (BC) management during the peak transmission period of the UK COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact of these treatment decisions. Methods: This was a national cohort study of patients with early BC undergoing multidisciplinary team (MDT)-guided treatment recommendations during the pandemic, designated ‘standard’ or ‘COVID-altered’, in the preoperative, operative and post-operative setting. Findings: Of 3776 patients (from 64 UK units) in the study, 2246 (59%) had ‘COVID-altered’ management. ‘Bridging’ endocrine therapy was used (n = 951) where theatre capacity was reduced. There was increasing access to COVID-19 low-risk theatres during the study period (59%). In line with national guidance, immediate breast reconstruction was avoided (n = 299). Where adjuvant chemotherapy was omitted (n = 81), the median benefit was only 3% (IQR 2–9%) using ‘NHS Predict’. There was the rapid adoption of new evidence-based hypofractionated radiotherapy (n = 781, from 46 units). Only 14 patients (1%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during their treatment journey. Conclusions: The majority of ‘COVID-altered’ management decisions were largely in line with pre-COVID evidence-based guidelines, implying that breast cancer survival outcomes are unlikely to be negatively impacted by the pandemic. However, in this study, the potential impact of delays to BC presentation or diagnosis remains unknown

Prediction of protein subcellular localization of human protein using j48, random forest and best first tree techniques

Functional explication of unascertained proteins is a remarkable achievement in proteomics. Proteins subcellular localization serves as the key annotation. Many prediction techniques were developed emphasizing on an individual biological point or speculating a subset of all localizations. Emulating the protein localization that is studied pivotal is carried out by gathering all the necessary biological relevant information and addressing the necessity of improving the prediction accuracy. Proteins carry an obligatory role in a wide range of bioprocess such as catalysis of biochemical reaction, signal transduction and are requisite for cellular processes. They execute the associated functions could be analyzed by predicting their associated cellular locations. The colonization of the proteins could be scrutinized by considering the features of primary sequence of protein such as physiochemical and amino acid composition of the complete protein. The C-terminal and N-terminal physiochemical composition and other physicochemical properties of the primary sequence also contribute for the subcellular localization. In this paper, the computational technique, J48, best first decision tree, random forest are employed for the localization prediction has shown significant performance over several other techniques. The integrated latest database  are trained with obsolete data and three techniques were employed for studying the subcellular localization which documents the increase in the accuracy of the prediction, by 87.711 % with J48, 81.67% with random forest, and 88.125% with BF Tree based on the features discussed by comparing our techniques over others

A first-in-man study of sirolimus-eluting, biodegradable polymer coated cobalt chromium stent in real life patients

Introduction: Despite considerable benefits associated with current drug-eluting stents, continued attention to the safety, efficacy, and deliverability of available drug-eluting stent has led to the development of newer stent. Methods: This study was a single-centre, prospective, non-randomized, first-in-man study which included clinical follow-up data was collected at 1, 8 and 12 months after the procedure. The study included 105 patients with de novo native coronary artery lesions including multi-vessel disease treated with Supralimus-Core® stent. Repeat angiography was performed 8 months post-stent implantation. Results: At quantitative coronary angiography 8-month luminal late loss was 0.39 ± 0.33 mm in-stent and 0.33 ± 0.35 mm in-segment. The incidence of any major adverse cardiac event at 30 days, 8 months and 12 months was 1 (1%), 6 (6%) and 7 (7%) respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the Supralimus-Core® SES is a safe and effective treatment for patients with obstructive coronary artery disease. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT00811616