Quality research workstation for the mandrel implant mounting in bone tissue

W poniższej pracy przedstawiono rozwiązanie konstrukcyjne stanowiska do eksperymentalnej oceny jakości osadzenia implantu w tkance kostnej. Praca opisuje sposób realizacji badań eksperymentalnych, których wyniki mogą stanowić bazę do oceny jakości rozwiązania konstrukcyjnego implantu dobieranego według indywidualnych cech pacjenta. Jako główne zadanie stanowiska przewiduje się możliwość weryfikacji, różnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych trzpienia implantu osadzonego w kości.There is presented the design solution of a workstation for experimental estimation of quality implant mounting in bone tissue. The publication describes a manner of realization of experimental research. The results of research will be a base of quality estimation for implant design solution, which is selected on base of individual characteristics of patient. The main workstation task became a capability of verification design solution of mandrel implant mounting in bone tissue

Honey spray-drying in a presence of maltodextrin

w pracy badawczej zaprezentowanej w artykule suszono rozpyłowo (temperatura powietrza wlotowego 180°C, szybkość zasilania surowcem 0,9 cm3/s) wodne roztwory miodu z maltodekstryna oraz roztwory modelowe - mieszaniny glukozy i fruktozy z maltodekstryna o stężeniach 20, 30 i 40% s.s. Zawartość wody w otrzymanych proszkach wynosiła od 1,1 š 0,1 do 3,7 š 0,1 %. Zauważono utrzymywanie się stałej zawartości wody w proszkach otrzymanych z roztworów miodu niezależnie od ich stężenia. W proszkach otrzymanych z roztworów modelowych wraz ze wzrostem stężenia roztworu wyjściowego zawartość wody rosła, co było skorelowane z zaobserwowanym mikroskopowo wzrostem wielkości otrzymanych cząstek proszku. Stwierdzono, że zawarte w miodzie cukry proste nie są substancjami decydującymi o przebiegu suszenia i właściwościach proszku. Na podstawie wielkości współczynników Hausnera i Carra stwierdzono, że proszki charakteryzowały się średnią lub dobrą sypkością.The aim of work was to investigate the possibility to spray-dry bee honey with the use of maltodextrin as a carrier material. The following systems were dried: glucose+fructose+maltodextrin model solutions (GF), honey+maltodextrin solutions (M) at concentrations 20, 30, 40% db. In all experiments inlet air temperature and feed ratio speed were kept at 180°C and 0,9 cm3/s respectively. Water content of obtained powders were in a range from 1,1=0,1 to 3,7 =0,1 %. Increased initial concentration of solutions GF resulted in increased size of particles, water content and water activity of powders. However, it did not influenced the properties of dried honey M, meaning that sugars present in honey did not decide on the spray drying process performance and powder properties. Basedon Hausner ratio and Carr index values the powders were classified as powders ofintermediate cohesiveness and ofweak and good flowability

Project of the research stand for measuring horizontal and vertical viewing angles of LCD displays

W artykule przedstawiono projekt oraz realizację stanowiska pomiarowego służącego do pomiarów kątów patrzenia monitorów LCD. Przedstawione zostały założenia, które przyjęto na etapie projektu, zgodność z normami ISO oraz przykładowe wyniki pomiarów. Przedstawione wyniki pomiarów pokazują, że zmierzona wartość kąta patrzenia może się znacznie różnić od wartości podawanej przez producenta monitora.The paper deals with project and realization of a laboratory stand for measuring viewing angles of LCD displays. There is a need to build such stands in order to check whether the parameters of displays reflect the ones provided by their producers. The ISO norms guidelines as regards tests of displays (ISO 9241-303:2008 "Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 303: Requirements for electronic visual displays" and ISO 9241-305:2008 "Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 305: Optical laboratory test methods for electronic visual displays") were used to make sure that the results of such research were reliable. The stand together with additional accessories (spectrophotometer and measuring probes) as well as software allow measuring a wide range of parameters (colour gamut, response time, contrast coefficient and its irregularity, luminance of black colour and its irregularity, luminance of white colour and its irregularity, changes of luminance depending on the viewing angle). In this paper there is described the stand construction as well as the method for measuring the luminance change depending on the viewing angles, which is one of the most important parameters in the situation when there are several people looking at a certain screen. The presented measurement results also show differences between particular pieces of the same model of a display screen (investigations were performed on 5 pieces of the same model of a display). The presented results show that the measured value of the viewing angle may significantly differ from the value provided by producers of displays

Illumination equality measurement of LCD matrices

Artykuł porusza kwestie pomiaru równomierności oświetlenia oraz parametrów związanych z tym zjawiskiem: współczynnika kontrastowości, nierównomierności kontrastu, luminancji i jej nierównomierności. Przedstawia powody, dla których te parametry są istotne pod względem użytkowym, oraz opisuje metody, jakimi można badać wymienione powyżej parametry. Przedstawia wyniki badań wykonanych na próbie pięciu monitorów tego samego modelu.The illumination uniformity in LCD monitors is analyzed in the paper. The phenomenon is described and explained by taking into consideration the following parameters: contrast ratio, luminance, uniformity of display contrast, and luminance. No defined measurement method of these values exists (except partially different standards by ISO, VESA, ANSI). The method which unify and minimize measurements is described in the paper. The same measurement points are used to measure all parameters under consideration. Luminance measurements are made in a dark room, on center of a screen surface emitting white color. The same is also used in uniformity measurement (Eq. 1). It describes luminosity difference values in different places of monitor. Contrast ratio (Eq. 2) measurements were made using electronic set of photodiode and transimpedance amplifier in one structure (Fig. 2). Uniformity measurement of display contrast have been made in few points, defined by VESA organization (Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6). 5 monitors of the same model were tested (Tab. 1). Contrast ratio show significant difference for each monitor and between each other. Similar results are for luminance and luminance uniformity (Tab. 4) where difference in uniformity reached almost 40%. Type of monitor backlight is main cause of poor uniformity, but also quality of LCD matrices may have influence on overall comfort of using such moni-tors. The results show that luminance and contrast uniformity should be given in technical specification of products

Electroporation, sonoporation and nanocarriers as effective methods in the enhancement of photodynamic reaction in vitro

Biologijos katedraVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

The Role of Computed Tomography for the Evaluation of Lung Disease in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is characterized by low serum levels of or dysfunctional alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor. In the lung parenchyma, this results in a loss of protection against the activity of serine proteases, particularly neutrophil elastase. The resultant imbalance in protease and antiprotease activity leads to an increased risk for the development of early-onset emphysema and COPD. As in traditional smoke-related COPD, the assessment of the severity and disease progression of lung disease in AATD is conventionally based on lung function; however, pulmonary function tests are unable to discriminate between emphysema and airways disease, the two hallmark pathologic features of COPD. CT imaging has been used as a tool to further characterize lung structure and evaluate therapeutic interventions in AATD-related COPD. Moreover, recent advances in quantitative CT have significantly improved our assessment of the lung architecture, which has provided investigators and clinicians with a more detailed evaluation of the extent and severity of emphysema and airways disease in AATD. In addition, serial CT imaging measures are becoming increasingly important, as they provide a tool to monitor emphysema progression. This review describes the principles of CT technology and the role of CT imaging in assessing pulmonary disease progression in AATD, including the effect of therapeutic interventions