71 research outputs found
TRANSPARENCY-ORIENTED DIGITAL TRANSFOR-MATION: REASERCH ISSUES FOR OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA FROM POLICY DOCUMENTS
The digital transformation of government initially focused on the internal processes and work practices of government agencies, and then on the channels and ways of services provision to citizens and firms, as well as on the services themselves, and aimed mainly to increase efficiency. However, later it was extended towards the enhancement of government transparency and accountability, by exploiting the digital technologies in order to provide large amounts of information to citizens and firms about the activities and plans of government agencies, and recently to open and publish large datasets of them. This constitutes a big innovation/transformation, since previously government data were regarded as highly secret, and could be accessed only by limited numbers of competent public servants. The Open Government Data (OGD) have a great potential to promote not only government transparency and accountability, but also economic development (especially concerning the emerging data economy), scientific research as well as efficiency and effectiveness of other government agencies (beyond the one who publishes them). However, the OGD domain is relatively new, rapidly evolving, and has not reached and realized its full potential, so extensive research is required in order to support and facilitate progress in this direction, and finally increase the social and economic value generated from the large amounts of published OGD. So, it is quite important to define rationally the research agenda in this OGD domain: the main research areas as well as the particular research topics of each of them. For this purpose, some research has been conducted, which however is based exclusively on the review and analysis of previous scientific papers in this domain. In this paper we investigate the exploitation of recent OGD-related policy as well as legislation documents, as an additional and complementary source for extracting areas and topics in the OGD domain that require research in the near future. A methodology for this is developed, which is used in order to we analyse the âOECD Open Government Data Report â Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impactâ and the EU Directive 2019/1024 on âOpen Data and the Re-use of Public Sector Informationâ. This results in the identification of interesting new areas and topics of required OGD research, which are highly important and have not been identified by previous relevant research based on the review and analysis of scientific papers in this domain
Introduction to the Minitrack on Data-driven Government: Creating value from Big and Open Linked Data
A Methodology for Economic Crisis Policy Analytics
The development and success of the âbusiness analyticsâ in the private sector, in combination with the growing availability of large quantities of useful data in government agencies, gives rise to the emergence of the âpolicy analyticsâ in the public sector. However, though some knowledge has already been developed in this area, extensive research is required in order to increase our knowledge base concerning the exploitation of these exponentially increasing quantities of data available in government, in combination with data from private sector firms as well, using advanced analytical techniques (from various areas, such as machine learning, statistics, simulation, etc.), in order to provide substantial support for all stages of public policies in various important policy domains. This paper makes a contribution in this direction, by describing a methodology for policy analytics in the economic policy domain, concerning a highly important problem: the economic crises, which repeatedly occur in market-based economies being an inevitable trait of them. Our methodology aims at the identification of firmâs characteristics that affect positively or negatively their sensitivity to the economic crisis, which enables a deeper understanding of the kinds of firms that exhibit higher sensitivity to economic crisis (i.e. have more negative consequences) and provides a basis for the design of public policies for supporting such firms. It exploits existing data from various public sources (e.g. Ministries of Finance, Statistical Authorities), in combination with data from private sources (e.g. business information firms, consulting firms), from which firm-level crisis sensitivity models are estimated. Furthermore, an application of the proposed methodology is presented, using data from Greek firms for the crisis period 2009 â 2014, which provides interesting insights
Framework for Federated Learning Open Models in e-Government Applications
Using open data and artificial intelligence in providing innovative public services is the focus of the third generation of e-Government and supporting Internet and Communication Technologies systems. However, developing applications and offering open services based on (open) machine learning models requires large volumes of private, open, or a combination of both open and private data for model training to achieve sufficient model quality. Therefore, it would be beneficial to use both open and private data simultaneously to fully use the potential that machine learning could grant to the public and private sectors.
Federated learning, as a machine learning technique, enables collaborative learning among different parties and their data, being private or open, creating shared knowledge by training models on such partitioned data without sharing it between parties in any step of the training or inference process. This paper provides a practical layout for developing and sharing machine learning models in a federative and open manner called Federated Learning Open Model. The definition of the Federated Learning Open Model concept is followed by a description of two potential use cases and services achieved with its usage, one being from the agricultural sector with the horizontal dataset partitioning and the latter being from the financial sector with a dataset partitioned vertically
âPeri Nomouâ System: Automated Codification and Interrelation of Legal Elements Based on Text Mining
One of the most promising developments comes with the use of innovative technologies and thus with the availability of novel services. The combination of text mining with legal elements may contribute to the development of many innovative legal information systems. Moreover, in the case of public admin-istrations and governments, the distribution, availability, and access towards legal information are es-sential and urgent. On the other hand, legal data and law texts are a potential open Government data category in order for innovation to be achieved, regarding the development of new, better, and more cost-effective services for citizens. Those data need to be available 24/7 basis and compliant towards a standard. Yet, there exist some severe issues at the moment regarding this access. This, in turn, makes the use of automated crawling and analysis more than difficult. This paper describes the âPeri Nomouâ (about law) system: an innovative legal information system for Greek laws utilising text mining tech-niques to indexing legal documents, identifying correlations and dividing legal documents into their articles. The first version of the system has been evaluated by legal experts and the second version is developed based on the previous evaluation and presented in this paper. The results from the evaluation indicate the significance of the âPeri Nomouâ system for the legal experts and allow us to promote the Peri Nomou system to other user groups, such as business, public administration
Geological modelling for investigating CO2 emissions in Florina Basin, Greece
Published version also available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2015-0039This paper presents an investigation of naturally
occurring CO2 emissions from the Florina natural analogue
site in Greece. The main objective was to interpret
previously collected depth sounding data, convert them
into surfaces, and use them as input to develop, for the
rst time, 3D geological models of the Florina basin. By
also locating the extent of the aquifer, the location of the
CO2 source, the location of other natural CO2 accumulations,
and the points where CO2 reaches the surface, we
were able to assess the potential for CO2 leakage. Geological
models provided an estimate of the lithological composition
of the Florina Basin and allowed us to determine
possible directions of groundwater ow and pathways of
CO2 ow throughout the basin.
Important modelling parameters included the spatial positions
of boundaries, faults, and major stratigraphic units
(which were subdivided into layers of cells). We used various
functions in Petrel software to rst construct a structural
model describing the main rock boundaries. We then
de ned a 3D mesh honouring the structural model, and
nally we populated each cell in the mesh with geologic
properties, such as rock type and relative permeability.
According to the models, the thickest deposits are located
around Mesochorion village where we estimate that
around 1000 m of sediments were deposited above the
basement. Initiation of CO2 ow at Florina Basin could
have taken place between 6.5 Ma and 1.8 Ma ago. The NESW
oriented faults, which acted as uid ow pathways,
are still functioning today, allowing for localised leakage
at the surface. CO2 leakage may be spatially variable and
episodic in rate. The episodicity can be linked to the timing
of Almopia volcanic activity in the area
Benefits and Obstacles of Blockchain Applications in e-Government
Nowadays, Blockchain Technologies (BCT) could be characterized as one of the most promising trends. We are currently witnessing a plethora of implementations basically in the economic sector with the creation of cryptocurrencies. The majority of researchers and practitioners argues that many benefits could be derived from the use of this innovative technology with the most significant one being the improved sense of trust to BCT applications. At the same time governments pursue amplified trust from their citizens and BCT is gaining momentum since it addresses this of utmost importance problem based on its unique characteristics. More and more governments realize the advances of this technology and participate in pilot applications in different vertical governmental sectors. Even though there are several implementations in the Government sector, there is no comprehensive study towards the analysis of the major characteristics of these developments. This paper moves towards the fulfilment of this gap conducting a thorough analysis of e-Government pilot applications of BCT in a European level. Furthermore, this study discusses the key benefits and main barriers coming from the application of this technology in different domains with BCT experts
Type and Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients are a high-risk population for ischemic complications. Antiplatelet therapy in such patients remains controversial, as the beneficial effects of more potent agents use or prolonged dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT) on atherothrombotic complications are hindered by a concomitant increase in bleeding rates. The aim of this article is to describe ischemic and bleeding outcomes associated with complex PCI procedures and to compare different types and durations of DAPT regimens in terms of safety and efficacy outcomes. Issues concerning special patient groups, such as those with left main, chronic total occlusion, or bifurcation lesions, are discussed
Metadata quality matters in Open Government Data (OGD) evaluation! An empirical investigation of OGD portals of the GCC constituents:An empirical investigation of OGD portals of the GCC constituents
Purpose: The study seeks to investigate the quality of metadata associated with the Open Government Data (OGD) portals of the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) constituentsBahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), and United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative framework, supported by extant literature, is adopted to assess the metadata quality of the six OGD portals of the GCC constituents. Findings: Among the six GCC countries, Qatar has the most advanced OGD metadata quality followed by KSA, UAE, Oman, Bahrain and Kuwait. Furthermore, the OGD metadata quality of UAE and Oman stand at the same pedestal whereas Bahrain and Kuwait OGD portals are lagging behind. Originality: Whereas the OGD quality has been investigated in extant literature, the metadata quality of the OGD portals for the GCC countries has not been investigated so far- the present study seeks to plug this ga
Do Open Government Data (OGD) portals show signs of Knowledge Management (KM) practices?:An empirical investigation
Open Government Data (OGD) is a build-up of the data accumulated in the government organizations pertaining to the structural and functional dimensions and it is imperative for OGD to be high-value for facilitating value creation and innovation. The present study purports to provide a launchpad to the aforementioned truism by advancing the concept of Open Government Data Capital (OGDC) resting on the principles of Knowledge Management (KM) given that the high-value OGD can result only with the engagement of the concerned administrative agencies in knowledge sharing for being made accessible for wider use via dedicated web portals. To drive home the arguments, an empirical investigation is conducted with four top-notch countries, viz., Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United States, in terms of the quantitative evaluation of their OGD portalsâ quality and inferences are drawn as to how OGDC may be furthered with the provision and maintenance of high-value datasets. Thus, it is shown that the Australian OGD portal is qualitatively robust and leads in terms of OGDC which may be beefed up with more integration of the KM practices in terms of the inter-governmental agenciesâ coordination and the other countries are lagging behind in terms of the quality parameters. While little attention has been paid towards the integration of KM in the OGD realm, the present study is a step forward in this direction
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