Determination of C vitamin by HPLC in fruits of individual cultivars of less known kinds of fruits

Diplomová práce pojednává o stanovení vitaminu C v různých odrůdách rakytníku řešetlákového (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.) a kdouloně obecné (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). Teoretická část se zabývá obecnými informacemi o těchto méně známých druzích ovoce, jejich zdravotně významnými látkami a použitím. Jsou zde zmíněny i různé způsoby stanovení vitaminu C s důrazem na HPLC a extrakci vitaminu C z matrice. V experimentální části byla testováním šesti kolon vybrána nejvhodnější (Gemini C18, 150 x 4,6 mm; 5 m), na které byla provedena stanovení vitaminu C v různých odrůdách plodů kdouloně a rakytníku. Byly také zkoumány různé postupy úpravy vzorků pro analýzu a 2 různé separační systémy – systém s kyselinou šťavelovou a systém s fosfátovým pufrem a methanolem jako mobilní fází. Vitamin C byl stanovován jako kyselina askorbová.Diploma thesis deals with determination of vitamin C in various cultivars of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.) and quince (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). In theoretical part, there are mentioned basic information about these less known fruit species, their medically significant substances and utilization of these fruits. Various methods for determination of vitamin C are discussed with focus on HPLC and extraction of vitamin C from the matrix. In experimental part, the most suitable column (Gemini C18, 150 x 4,6 mm; 5 m) was chosen from six various columns. Analysis of vitamin C in various cultivars of quince and sea buckthorn fruits were carried out on this column. The various types of matrix preparation and two different separation systems (method with oxalic acid and system with phosphate buffer and methanol as a mobile phases) were investigated too. Vitamin C was determined as an ascorbic acid.

Student strategies for solving word problems with fractions

Diplomová práce se zabývá žákovskými strategiemi řešení slovních úloh se zlomky. Součástí teoretické části je vymezení pojmu slovní úloha, rozdělení slovních úloh podle kritérií, která uvádí literatura, popis procesu řešení slovní úlohy a nejčastější problémy, které mají žáci při řešení slovních úloh. Dále je součástí teoretické části porovnání více než 40 učebnic - zavedení pojmu zlomek a početních operací s nimi, zastoupení slovních a početních úloh se zlomky v učebnicích - a popis možných problémů při počítání se zlomky. V praktické části práce je popis a vyhodnocení případové studie v osmých ročnících sestávající ze tří slovních úloh. Uvedeny jsou očekávané chyby a strategie řešení, chyby a strategie řešení použitých žáky a analýza vybraných žákovských řešení úloh. Klíčová slova: slovní úloha, zlomek, strategie řešení úloh, případová studieThis Master's Thesis deals with student strategies for solving word problems with fractions. The theoretical part includes the definition of the term word problem, the categorization of word problems based on criteria listed in the literature, the description of the process of solving a word problem, as well as the most frequent difficulties that students encounter when solving word problems. Moreover, the theoretical part also compares more than 40 textbooks - the introduction of the term fraction and of basic operations with them, the content of word and calculation problems with fractions in the textbooks - and describes the difficulties that may arise when calculating with fractions. The practical part of this Thesis contains the description and evaluation of a survey performed with 8th grade students that consisted of three different word problems. The expected solving strategies and mistakes are listed together with the actual strategies employed and mistakes made by the students, including the full analysis of selected student solutions. Keywords: word problem, fraction, problem solving strategy, case studyKatedra matematiky a didaktiky matematikyFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

Evaluation of Impact of Population Management on Genetic Parameters of Selected Spiral-horned Antelopes

The rapid loss of biodiversity and the associated reduction and fragmentation of habitats means that ex situ populations have become an important part of species conservation. These populations, which are often established from a small number of founders, require careful management to avoid the negative effects of genetic drift and inbreeding. Although the inclusion of molecular data is recommended, their availability for captive breeding management remains limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the levels of genetic diversity in six spiral-horned antelope taxa bred under human care and their respective management strategies, conservation status, demography, and geographic origin, using 10 nuclear DNA microsatellite loci and mitochondrial control region DNA sequences. Our findings include associations between genetic diversity and management intensity but also with the diversity and contribution of wild populations to captive founders, with some populations apparently composed of animals from divergent wild lineages elevating captive genetic diversity. When population sizes are large, the potential advantages of maximizing genetic diversity in widely outcrossed populations may need careful consideration with respect to the potential disruption of adaptive diversity. Genetic data serve as a robust tool for managing captive populations, yet their interpretation necessitates a comprehensive understanding of species biology and history.</p

Basic nutritional properties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) cultivars grown in the Czech Republic

The ascorbic acid, total polyphenols, total anthocyanins and mineral content, together with antioxidant activity, was determined in five Czech, two Ukrainian and two Austrian cultivars of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) widely grown in the Czech Republic. Ascorbic acid content varied between 199–433 mg kg−1, total polyphenols between 2174–6143 mg kg−1, and total anthocyanins between 61–253 mg kg−1. All fruits were good sources of major metals (K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) and trace elements (Cu, Zn, and Cr). The antioxidant activity was determined by EPR and DPPH radical scavenging assay and ranged from 29.5% to 67.2%. There was a linear relationship between antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content. Based on the obtained results, Ekotišnovský, Fruchtal, and Ruzyňský cultivars were recommended for further investigation and breeding programme of cornelian cherry fruit in the Czech Republic

Analysis of work satisfaction

There are many factors around us that change our satisfaction, motivation and decisions. We all spend much time at work during our lifes and that is why I want to do a research of working satisfaction. I will realize this research by using a list of questions and oral interview in a company that employs about 60 people. I will focus on factors - wage, working environment, interpersonal relations - and their impact on the satisfaction rate. Main goal of my work is to improve care of eployees by proposing a recommendation to management of the company that may lead to lower fluctuation of employees, more effective work and higher prosperity of the company

Respiratory physiotherapy in thoracic surgery

V této bakalářské práci jsou shrnuty poznatky o respirační fyzioterapii v hrudní chirurgii. Práce je rozdělena na teoretickou a praktickou část. Teoretická část obsahuje obecné informace o hrudní chirurgii, plicní rehabilitaci a respirační fyzioterapii. Jsou zde popsány metody respirační fyzioterapie, fyziologie dýchání, svaly potřebné k dechu a vyšetřovací metody využívané v hrudní chirurgii. V praktické části jsou popsány vyšetřovací a léčebné fyzioterapeutické metody. V této části jsou zpracovány čtyři kazuistiky, které obsahují anamnézy s diagnózou a vyšetření každého pacienta. U každé kazuistiky je uveden krátkodobý a dlouhodobý rehabilitační plán a popsán průběh a výsledky terapie, kterých bylo dosáhnuto.Katedra fyzioterapie a ergoterapieObhájenoIn this thesis summarizes the findings of respiratory physiotherapy in the thoracic surgery. The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part contains general information about thoracic surgery, pulmonary rehabilitation and respiratory physiotherapy. There are described methods of respiratory physiotherapy, physiology of breathing muscles needed for breathing and investigative methods used in thoracic surgery. The practical part describes the diagnostic and therapeutic physiotherapy methods. In this section are four case studies that include history in the diagnosis and evaluation of any patient. For each case study is the short-term and long-term rehabilitation plan and describes the process and results of therapy, which has been attained

Reorganization as a financial form of dealing with bankruptcy of business corporation

In this thesis, entitled "Reorganization as a financial form of dealing with bankruptcy of business corporations", the author intends to approach this institute of the Czech insolvency law in a coherent and comprehensive scale. The first chapter deals with the historical development of insolvency law as such, both in the world and in the Czech Republic. The intention of the introduction of the historical context of insolvency law is to facilitate the understanding of the meaning of insolvency law and its objectives. Historical excursion in this thesis leads from the very basics of insolvency law in Roman law, to the current form of Czech Insolvency Act. At the same time the creation of the Insolvency Act, including the impact of foreign legislation and European Union law, is briefly described in this section. In the next three chapters, the author deals with insolvency proceedings generally, more specifically with the fundamental principles underpinning the whole insolvency law, and that permeate throughout the insolvency proceedings, including reorganization. Individual sections describe specific principles which are applicable only within the insolvency proceedings and their introduction illustrates the meaning and purpose not only of reorganization, but also of the entire insolvency proceedings..