Selectivity of Incilius valliceps (Anura: Bufonidae) tadpoles on freshwater zooplankton

The dietary preferences of tropical tadpoles and the way they interact with zooplankton often go unstudied in aquatic ecosystems. Goals. We investigated the interactions between Incilius valliceps tadpoles and a freshwater zooplankton community found in an artificial aquatic pond located on Cozumel Island in Quintana Roo, Mexico. Methods. We determined zooplankton abundance, richness, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and the proportion of each zooplankton species in the environment. We also evaluated characteristics of the tadpole population such as body size, abundance, and proportion of prey ingested as determined by stomach content analysis. We used the Jacobs selectivity index to determine tadpole prey of preference. Results. The rotifers Anuraeopsis fissa and an unidentified species of Bdelloidea group were dominant among the eight zooplankton species consumed. The selectivity index showed that I. valliceps tadpoles preferred to consume macro-zooplankton (ostracods and cladocerans) instead of the rotifer species available. Tadpoles positively chose Cypridopsis vidua throughout their growth and development and Moina wierzejskii during their early developmental stages, and negatively selected the rotifer species of the one unidentified species of Bdelloidea, A. fissa, and Epiphanes brachionus. In the presence of tadpoles, Keratella americana, Lepadella patella, and Lecane luna were either present in extremely low abundances or not found in the aquatic community, and M. wierzejskii produced males and resistant eggs. Conclusions. The findings of this study clarify the dietary needs of tropical tadpoles and their role in aquatic ecosystems.The dietary preferences of tropical tadpoles and the way they interact with zooplankton often go unstudied in aquatic ecosystems. Goals. We investigated the interactions between Incilius valliceps tadpoles and a freshwater zooplankton community found in an artificial aquatic pond located on Cozumel Island in Quintana Roo, Mexico. Methods. We determined zooplankton abundance, richness, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and the proportion of each zooplankton species in the environment. We also evaluated characteristics of the tadpole population such as body size, abundance, and proportion of prey ingested as determined by stomach content analysis. We used the Jacobs selectivity index to determine tadpole prey of preference. Results. The rotifers Anuraeopsis fissa and an unidentified species of Bdelloidea group were dominant among the eight zooplankton species consumed. The selectivity index showed that I. valliceps tadpoles preferred to consume macro-zooplankton (ostracods and cladocerans) instead of the rotifer species available. Tadpoles positively chose Cypridopsis vidua throughout their growth and development and Moina wierzejskii during their early developmental stages, and negatively selected the rotifer species of the one unidentified species of Bdelloidea, A. fissa, and Epiphanes brachionus. In the presence of tadpoles, Keratella americana, Lepadella patella, and Lecane luna were either present in extremely low abundances or not found in the aquatic community, and M. wierzejskii produced males and resistant eggs. Conclusions. The findings of this study clarify the dietary needs of tropical tadpoles and their role in aquatic ecosystems

Valoración sociocultural de los servicios ecosistémicos de la zona costera del Caribe mexicano

En esta investigación se realizó, utilizando un Proceso Analítico Jerárquico, una valoración sociocultural de los servicios ecosistémicos (SE) que convergen en un sistema lagunar al norte del Caribe mexicano. El objetivo fue evaluar cuál ecosistema tiene más valor para las cooperativas turístico-pesqueras y para un grupo de especialistas. Los resultados obtenidos, en ambos grupos, muestran que el manglar es el ecosistema más valorado y el pasto marino el menos valorado. Las percepciones obtenidas coinciden y evidencian el potencial que tiene la valoración sociocultural en la identificación de elementos clave para trabajar en el manejo sostenible de zonas costeras

Distribución de las especies de Mesocyclops (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) en el sureste mexicano y región norte de Guatemala

Three types of distribution of the genus Mesocyclops were identified through an analysis of the records in Mexico, and a revision of biological material collected in the Southeastern region of the country (including Tabasco, Chiapas, Campeche, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo states), and the North region of Guatemala. The distributional patterns were divided into three groups: widely distributed species (M. longisetus s. str., M. edax, M. reidae), restricted distribution species (M. evadomingoi, M. pescei) and introduced species (M. thermocyclopoides, M. aspericornis). Additionally, in the surveyed area, we found the highest species richness in Tabasco and also a preference of Mesocyclops to inhabit shallow, meso- to eutrophic freshwater systems in lowlands at < 40 m altitudes. Finally, this study allowed the record of three species of the genus not previously found in Chiapas (M. longisetus s.str., M. brasilianus, and M. pescei)A través de un análisis de los registros del género Mesocyclops en México, así como la revisión de material colectado en la región sureste del país (incluyendo los Estados de Tabasco, Chiapas, Campeche, Yucatán y Quintana Roo) y la región Norte de Guatemala, se identificaron tres tipos de distribución del género, los cuales incluyen a especies de distribución amplia (M. longisetus s. str., M. edax, M. reidae), restringida (M. evadomingoi, M, pescei) e introducidas (M. thermocyclopoides, M. aspericornis). Adicionalmente, se encontró que en el área estudiada, el género presentó mayor riqueza en Tabasco, con preferencia por distribuirse en sistemas dulceacuícolas someros, de tierras bajas (< 40 m de altitud), con tendencias hacia la meso o eutrofia. Finalmente, el estudio permitió registrar por primera vez, tres taxa de Cyclopoida en Chiapas (Mesocyclops longisetus s. str. M. brasilianus y M. pescei)

Limnología básica del lago cárstico turístico Cenote Azul en Quintana Roo, México

A description of the basic limnology of the Cenote Azul, a karstic system from Quintana Roo, Mexico is presented. The analysis was done at temporary and space level, in the limnetic region. The system was recognized as tropical and monomictic. Oligotrophic conditions were found with high dissolved oxygen concentrations, transparency, and low chlorophyll a concentrations. The pH, oxygen concentration at superficial level (0-30 m), and temperature, are within the ecological criteria of water quality for protection of the aquatic life.Se presenta una descripción de la limnología básica del Cenote Azul, un sistema cárstico del sur de Quintana Roo, México. El análisis se realizó a dos niveles, temporal y espacial, en la región limnética. El sistema se clasificó como monomíctico, cálido tropical. Los niveles de concentración de oxígeno disuelto, clorofila a y visibilidad al disco de Secchi, indican condiciones oligotróficas. Las variaciones del pH, de la concentración de oxígeno disuelto superficial (0-30 m) y de la temperatura se encuentran dentro de los límites señalados como aceptables en los criterios ecológicos y de calidad del agua para la protección de la vida acuática

La educación alimentaria fomenta el consumo de amaranto para mejorar el estado de nutrición infantil

Children’s nutritional status is vulnerable to food crises, especially in rural areas. Likewise, lack of knowledge about food and unhealthy consumption habits increase the risk of malnutrition. Focused food education and the use of traditional local crops, such as amaranth, can benefit nutrition and food security, enriching the local food culture. The objectives of this study were to promote the consumption of amaranth through food education in order to observe its effect on children’s nutritional indicators and present the methodology implemented to promote the use of this food resource in the study area. A mixed, explanatory and longitudinal design was proposed. A baseline evaluation was carried out for nine children between three and eight years of age from Tochimilco, Puebla, who consumed 20 g/day of popped amaranth as a complement to homemade dishes for five months; individual food workshops were implemented and anthropometry and consumption patterns were monitored. By means of food education focused on families, amaranth became conspicuous and was consumed as part of the regular diet; even during the health pandemic, it remained available, accessible and stable in the family food scheme. Its consumption and the variety of dishes increased following food education, in all cases. Regarding the anthropometric indicators, seven cases improved and the final diagnosis was healthy, but two cases were found to be overweight at the end. It was concluded that focused food education helps incorporate amaranth into regular food and makes it possible to improve the nutritional status of children even during food crises.El estado nutricional infantil es vulnerable ante crisis alimentarias, especialmente en zonas rurales; además, la falta de conocimientos en alimentación y patrones de consumo poco saludables aumentan el riesgo de mal­nutrición. La educación alimentaria focalizada y el aprovechamiento de cultivos tradicionales locales, como el amaranto, pueden favorecer la nutrición y seguridad alimentaria, enriqueciendo la cultura alimentaria local. Los objetivos del estudio fueron promover el consumo de amaranto a través de educación alimentaria para observar su efecto sobre indicadores nutricionales de niños y presentar la metodología implementada para fomentar el aprovechamiento de este recurso alimentario en la zona del estudio. Se planteó un diseño mixto, explicativo y longitudinal. Se realizó una evaluación basal a nueve niños entre tres y ocho años de Tochimilco, Puebla, quienes consumieron 20 g/día de amaranto reventado como complemento de platillos caseros durante cinco meses; se implementaron talleres alimentarios individuales y se monitoreó la antropometría y patrones de consumo. A través de la educación alimentaria focalizada en las familias, el amaranto se visibilizó y fue consumido en la dieta regular; aún en contingencia sanitaria permaneció disponible, accesible y estable en el paisaje alimentario familiar. Su ingesta y diversificación de platillos aumentaron en todos los casos, después de la educación alimentaria. Sobre los indicadores antropométricos, siete casos mejoraron y finalizaron con diagnóstico saludable, pero dos casos finalizaron con sobrepeso. Se concluyó que la educación alimentaria focalizada ayuda a incorporar al amaranto a la alimentación regular y posibilita el mejoramiento del estado nutricional de niños aún en crisis alimentarias

Educación virtual y aprendizaje institucional : la experiencia de una universidad mexicana

1 archivo PDF (181 páginas)Este es un libro acerca de un aprendizaje colectivo en una institución universitaria para adaptar y desarrollar una práctica de educación virtual1 en su versión híbrida. es decir. como apoyo de la enseñanza presencial. La particularidad de los actores implicados y la casuística que conlleva , no son obstáculo, a juicio de quien esto escribe, para proporcionar al lector una visión reflexiva sobre el tema central: cómo se generan las capacidades internas y las prácticas de una organización que innova en procedimientos y tecnologías empleadas, para cumplir sus objetivos. En nuestro caso, estos objetivos son los de enseñanza aprendizaje, para alumnos de nuestra universidad, la UAM Azcapotzalco. PALABRAS CLAVE: Educación virtual. Computer-assisted instruction. Virtual educatio

The use of the Theory of Planned Behaviour as a Conceptual Framework to Understand and Promote Health Recommendations During the First Wave of Covid-19 in Mexico City

In this study, we apply the Theory of Planned Behavior to understand the factors that explained adherence to health recommendations during the first wave of Covid-19 in Mexico City. To do this, we designed and implemented an online survey on prevention measures. In addition, we generate an empirical correlate of the Theory of Planned Behavior to hypothesize about correlations between variables in the survey. In addition, we included four simple experiments in the survey. We found that norms, attitudes and perception of control are correlated with the planning and adoption of preventive actions. In the experiments we observe (1) that corruption reduces the credibility of the government with respect to the health crisis, (2) doctors are more persuasive about prevention, and (3) masks generate feelings of security. We conclude that the Theory of Planned Behavior is useful to make sense of data from surveys like ours. We encourage governments in developing countries to use methods like ours to collect and interpret data, even if provisional, to respond to future health crises

COVID-19 Severity and Survival over Time in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: A Population-Based Registry Study

Mortality rates for COVID-19 have declined over time in the general population, but data in patients with hematologic malignancies are contradictory. We identified independent prognostic factors for COVID-19 severity and survival in unvaccinated patients with hematologic malignancies, compared mortality rates over time and versus non-cancer inpatients, and investigated post COVID-19 condition. Data were analyzed from 1166 consecutive, eligible patients with hematologic malignancies from the population-based HEMATO-MADRID registry, Spain, with COVID-19 prior to vaccination roll-out, stratified into early (February–June 2020; n = 769 (66%)) and later (July 2020–February 2021; n = 397 (34%)) cohorts. Propensity-score matched non-cancer patients were identified from the SEMI-COVID registry. A lower proportion of patients were hospitalized in the later waves (54.2%) compared to the earlier (88.6%), OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.11–0.20. The proportion of hospitalized patients admitted to the ICU was higher in the later cohort (103/215, 47.9%) compared with the early cohort (170/681, 25.0%, 2.77; 2.01–3.82). The reduced 30-day mortality between early and later cohorts of non-cancer inpatients (29.6% vs. 12.6%, OR 0.34; 0.22–0.53) was not paralleled in inpatients with hematologic malignancies (32.3% vs. 34.8%, OR 1.12; 0.81–1.5). Among evaluable patients, 27.3% had post COVID-19 condition. These findings will help inform evidence-based preventive and therapeutic strategies for patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19 diagnosis.Depto. de MedicinaFac. de MedicinaTRUEFundación Madrileña de Hematología y HemoterapiaFundación Leucemia y LinfomaAsociación Madrileña de Hematología y Hemoterapiapu

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio