Unique Thermal Properties of Clothing Materials.

Cloth wearing seems so natural that everyone is self-deemed knowledgeable and has some expert opinions about it. However, to clearly explain the physics involved, and hence to make predictions for clothing design or selection, it turns out to be quite challenging even for experts. Cloth is a multiphased, porous, and anisotropic material system and usually in multilayers. The human body acts as an internal heat source in a clothing situation, thus forming a temperature gradient between body and ambient. But unlike ordinary engineering heat transfer problems, the sign of this gradient often changes as the ambient temperature varies. The human body also perspires and the sweat evaporates, an effective body cooling process via phase change. To bring all the variables into analysis quickly escalates into a formidable task. This work attempts to unravel the problem from a physics perspective, focusing on a few rarely noticed yet critically important mechanisms involved so as to offer a clearer and more accurate depiction of the principles in clothing thermal comfort

PARTECIPAZIONE E GRADIMENTO DI UN PERCORSO DI ACCOMPAGNAMENTO PSICOLOGICO RIVOLTO ALLE MATRICOLE DELLA FACOLTÀ DI MEDICINA

Obiettivi: valutare la partecipazione e il gradimento delle matricole che aderiscono al “Progetto Accoglienza”, un percorso di accoglienza e accompagnamento psicologico, attivo da quattro anni, presso il Corso di Laurea in Medicina e Chirurgia dell’Università degli Studi di Brescia. Metodo: il percorso si fonda sull’implementazione della figura di studenti senior (tutor), adeguatamente formati e supervisionati da docenti della Sezione di Psicologia Clinica, attraverso l’utilizzo di modalità gruppali, in accordo con specifiche metodologie utilizzate da tempo in psicologia clinica. I tutor fungono da riferimenti rassicuranti e identificatori per le matricole, che a loro volta aderiscono al progetto in modo volontario e ricevono crediti opzionali, al fine di riconoscere il valore formativo dello scambio fra studenti del primo anno e studenti senior. Per la valutazione del livello di gradimento è stato predisposto un questionario ad hoc, elaborato in parte sulla base di strumenti utilizzati nei corsi professionali in cui è previsto l’accreditamento e in parte sulla base di proposte e riflessioni fra i docenti di psicologia dell’Ateneo, che non hanno preso parte al progetto. Risultati: il numero di studenti che partecipa con regolarità al percorso di accoglienza è cresciuto nei quattro anni: da 125 a 164. Gli studenti hanno in media un’età di 19.3 anni (±1.7) e sono in prevalenza femmine. Il questionario di gradimento viene compilato in media dall’85% delle matricole coinvolte. Quasi la totalità di esse riferisce che ripeterebbe l’esperienza, anche senza crediti formativi; il 98% la consiglierebbe ad una nuova matricola. Per quanto riguarda rilevanza, efficacia e utilità del percorso rispetto alle proprie esigenze formative, anche in questo caso la maggior parte degli studenti riporta una valutazione positiva. Conclusioni: i dati raccolti mostrano un gradimento medio-alto, che si mantiene costante negli anni. Si ritiene che tale percorso possa fornire un aiuto concreto per fronteggiare le difficoltà associate all’ingresso nell’Università. Fra gli indicatori di efficacia di consimili interventi nel lungo periodo, riteniamo utile la ricaduta in termini di prevenzione del drop out e dell’ allungamento temporale del corso di studi

Attachment forerunners, dyadic sensitivity and development of the child in families with a preterm born baby

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore attachment forerunners and dyadic sensitivity in the family with preterm born child. Methods: 89 families, 35 with preterm born children ( 2500 gr.) were studied from 3 months to 1 year corrected age (267 total subjects). Mother-child and father-child couples were subjected to CARE-Index and both parents to DAS, CES-D and STAI Y-2. The child\u2019s psychomotor development was assessed by Bayley Scales. Results: The mothers of preterm children presented high risk interactive behaviors at CARE-Index (low scores at Dyadic Sensitivity Scale, p = .000), high anxiety (p = .003) and depression (p = .03). Preterm fathers presented low scores at Dyadic Sensitivity Scale (p = .000) and high anxiety (p = .024). In interaction, attachment forerunners suggest an insecure attachment in preterm mothers (p = .001) and fathers (p = .000) and in preterm children in the interaction with the mother (p = .028). These risk factors were correlated, in both parents, with low performance of the child at Bayley Scales (p =.04). Fathers of preterm children presented also a negative perception of the child and an unsatisfied perception of the hospital care. Conclusions: The results show in the preterm family that 40% of mothers and 75% of fathers are in high risk area suggested by CARE-Index. In these cases, insecure attachment forerunners, low dyadic sensitivity and psychological difficulties (couple conflicts, anxiety, depression) seem to influence the psychomotor development of the preterm child

Axiography and MRI in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint pathology

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Un abordaje de la proporcionalidad geométrica con medios

Informe Final (Profesorado en Física)--Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática Astronomía, Física y Computación, 2018.En el presente informe se describirá y analizará la experiencia de prácticas docentes realizadas por dos estudiantes del Profesorado en Matemática. Las mismas se llevaron a cabo en una institución de nivel secundario de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. En un primer acercamiento a la institución, se realizaron observaciones de clases, tanto de matemática como de otras asignaturas. En base a lo observado se pudo elaborar la planificación de la práctica, la cual aparecerá descripta en el informe junto con su implementación. Por último, el lector encontrará una reflexión sobre una problemática relacionada con la práctica, particularmente sobre la influencia de los medios en la producción de conocimiento matemático.This report will describe and analyse the experience of teaching practices carried out by two mathematics’ pre-service teachers. These practices were carried out at a secondary school in the city of Córdoba, Argentina. In a first approach to the institution, observations were made of classes, both of mathematics and other subjects. On the basis of what was observed, it was possible to elaborate the planning of the practice, which will be described in the report along with its implementation. Finally, the reader will find a reflection on a problem related to practice, particularly on the influence of media in the production of mathematical knowledge

Comparative study of the relationship between multi-frequency impedance and body water compartments in two European populations

To investigate possible differences in the relationship between multi-frequency impedance and body-water compartments (total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW)) measured by dilution techniques in two European populations, we studied forty Italian (twenty male and twenty female) and forty-three Dutch (twenty-three male and twenty female) healthy subjects aged 19-41 years. The main differences in body build between the two groups were height, trunk length and the two ratios TBW/height and ECW/height. Population-specific prediction formulas for ECW (at 1 kHz) and TBW (at 100 kHz) were developed. The prediction errors for ECW and TBW were about 0.6 and 1.5 kg respectively, (CV 4%) in both groups. Cross-validation analysis showed no significant error in the prediction of TBW but a slight error (range -4.9 to +2.8%) in the ECW prediction. The biases in both TBW and ECW were correlated with ECW/TBW (r -0.44, P < 0.0005 and r +0.52, P < 0.0005 respectively) in the two groups; the biases in ECW were also related to ECW/height (r 0.51, P < 0.001), TBW/height (r 0.25, P < 0.05), trunk length (r 0.36, P < 0.001) and Z1/Z100 (r 0.32, P < 0.01). In conclusion, the water distribution between the extra- and intracellular compartments emerged in the present study as the major cause of error in the prediction of body water, and in particular of ECW from impedance measurements with a population-specific equation. Moreover, body build, expressed as TBW/height and ECW/height, had an impact on the bias

The pattern of TSH and fT4 levels across different BMI ranges in a large cohort of euthyroid patients with obesity.

Purpose: A multifold association relates the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis to body weight. The potential underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Further, the mild severity of obesity and the small proportion of individuals with obesity in so far published cohort studies provide little insights on metabolic correlates of thyroid function in obesity. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 5009 adults with obesity (F/M, 3448/1561; age range, 18-87 years; BMI range, 30.0-82.7 kg/m2), without known thyroid disease in a study on TSH and fT4 levels, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance, anthropometric parameters including BIA-derived fat mass (%FM) and fat-free mass (FFM). Results: The overall reference interval for TSH in our obese cohort was 0.58-5.07 mIU/L. As subgroups, females and non-smokers showed higher TSH levels as compared to their counterparts (p<0.0001 for both), while fT4 values were comparable between groups. There was a significant upward trend for TSH levels across incremental BMI classes in females, while the opposite trend was seen for fT4 levels in males (p<0.0001 for both). Expectedly, TSH was associated with %FM and FFM (p<0,0001 for both). TSH and fT4 showed correlations with several metabolic variables, and both declined with aging (TSH, p<0.0001; fT4, p<0.01). In a subgroup undergoing leptin measurement, leptin levels were positively associated with TSH levels (p<0.01). At the multivariable regression analysis, in the group as a whole, smoking habit emerged as the main independent predictor of TSH (β=-0.24, p<0.0001) and fT4 (β=-0.25, p<0.0001) levels. In non-smokers, %FM (β=0.08, p<0.0001) and age (β=-0.05, p<0.001) were the main significant predictors of TSH levels. In the subset of nonsmokers having leptin measured, leptin emerged as the strongest predictor of TSH levels (β=0.17, p<0.01). Conclusions: Our study provides evidence of a gender- and smoking-dependent regulation of TSH levels in obesity

The collateral impact of COVID-19 emergency on neonatal intensive care units and family-centered care: Challenges and opportunities

The ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is disrupting most specialized healthcare services worldwide, including those for high-risk newborns and their families. Due to the risk of contagion, critically ill infants, relatives and professionals attending neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are undergoing a profound remodeling of the organization and quality care. In particular, mitigation strategies adopted to combact the COVID-19 pandemic may hinder the implementation of family-centered care within the NICU. This may put newborns at risk for several adverse effects, e.g., less weight gain, more nosocomial infections, increased length of NICU stay as well as long-term worse cognitive, emotional, and social development. This article aims to contribute to deepening the knowledge on the psychological impact of the COVID-19 on parents and NICU staff members based on empirical data from the literature. We also provided evidence-based indications on how to safely empower families and support NICU staffs facing such a threatening emergency, while preserving the crucial role of family-centered developmental care practices

Use of administrative health databases to estimate incidence and prevalence of acromegaly in Piedmont Region, Italy

Recent studies from national registries have described changing patterns in epidemiology of acromegaly. Our retrospective study used administrative databases to estimate prevalence and incidence of acromegaly in the Piedmont Region, Italy

ACL injury in football: a literature overview of the prevention programs

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