Phenomenology of a lepton triplet

The most general phenomenological model involving a lepton triplet with hypercharge $\pm 1$ is constructed. A distinctive feature of this model is the prediction of a doubly charged lepton, and a new heavy Dirac neutrino. We study the phenomenology of these exotic leptons in both low-energy experiments and at the LHC. The model predicts FCNC processes such as rare muon decays, which are studied in detail in order to constrain the model parameters. All the decay channels of the exotic leptons are described for a wide range of parameters. It is found that, if the mixing parameters between the exotic and light leptons are not too small ($>10^{-6}$), then they can be observable to a $3-5\sigma$ statistical significance at the 7 TeV LHC with 10-50 fb$^{-1}$ luminosity for a 400 GeV mass, and 14 TeV with 100-300 fb$^{-1}$ luminosity for a 800 GeV mass.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figures. Version to appear in PR

Short communication: Application of site‐level assessment of governance and equity (sage) methodology to a candidate oecm: AndakÍ municipal natural park, caquetÁ, colombia.

Governance is a fundamental aspect and precondition for conservation strategies, such as protected areas or OECMs. A methodology for Site-level Assessment of Governance and Equity (SAGE) has been proposed by IUCN to explore different aspects of governance, based on ten principles. This article describes the application of SAGE to a candidate OECM for what we believe is the first time: the Andakí Municipal Natural Park in the Amazon region of Colombia. The application of SAGE generated useful insights into different aspects of governance, including the importance of good communication and recognising and respecting the rights and responsibilities of different actors. Based on this experience, we believe that the SAGE methodology could be a useful tool not only to identify priorities for improving governance, but also to assess governance and equity in order to evaluate if an area meets the criteria for an OECM that it is governed and managed to achieve sustained and effective contributions to in situ conservation of biodiversity, associated ecosystem functions and services, and cultural, spiritual, socio-economic and other locally relevant values. © 2021, IUCN - International Union for the Conservation of Nature. All rights reserved.This process was made possible with the support of: a) the Local Protected Areas Regional Project implemented by Deutsche Gesellschaft f?r Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, ICLEI ? Local Governments for Sustainability and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN); Environment ministries in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Protection and Nuclear Safety; b) the project adaptation of the OECM criteria to the Colombian context supported by PPD-GEF-PNUD, and implemented by Resnatur, Instituto Humboldt, Fundaci?n Natura and the Local Protected Areas Project; and c) the EUROCLIMA+ programme supported by Expertise France, GIZ and the International Institute for the Environment and Development (IIED); and d) Thora Amend, Vice Chair, IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (thematic area: Governance)

Characterization of modular components in hip implants removed early from patients in various clinics in the Barranquilla´s city.

Muchos de los problemas que ocasionan aflojamiento, desarticulación y fractura en un sistema modular de cadera se deben al desgaste, incompatibilidad con el medio, citotoxicidad y corrosión de los materiales utilizados para la sustitución de la articulación. Las limitantes anteriores por lo general inducen a la formación de desechos potencialmente peligrosos ocasionando graves lesiones en los tejidos óseos, afectando directamente la salud del paciente y reduciendo la vida útil del implante, conllevando al riesgo de una nueva intervención quirúrgica, para retiro anticipado de la prótesis. El objeto de este estudio, fue caracterizar los materiales de los sistemas modulares de implantes de cadera, para determinar posibles causas de retiro anticipado, en muestras obtenidas en diferentes clínicas de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Los materiales encontrados en los diferentes pares modulares retirados fueron de tipo Polímero-cerámico y polímero-metal y son: PMMA, UHMWPE, Ti6Al4V, Co-Cr-Mo. La caracterización fue desarrollada a partir de un diagnóstico médico realizado mediante encuestas que definieron posibles causas y condiciones con mayor incidencia, que ocasionaron el retiro anticipado de implantes de cadera. Las muestras fueron caracterizadas por Microscopia óptica, Microscopia electrónica de barrido y difracción de Rayos X. En el caso del componente polimérico se realizaron análisis termogravimétrico(TGA-DSC). Los resultados mostraron similitudes topográficas entre los pares modulares de tipo polímero-metal. La presencia de microgrietas demostró la fragilización adicional de la estructura del implante por acción del medio al que está sometido. Por otra parte el componente polimérico presentó grietas, y rayado generadas por un tercer cuerpo en el área de soporte y evidencia significativa de fractura en los bordes del componente femoral. En el componente acetabular fueron observados patrones de desgaste adhesivo y corrosivo.Abstract: Many problems caused by loosening, fracture dislocation and hip modular system are due to wear, incompatibility with the environment, cytotoxicity and corrosion of materials used for joint replacement. The previous limitations usually induce the formation of hazardous wastes, causing serious injury to bone tissue, directly affecting patient health and reducing the life of the implant, leading to the risk of further surgery, for early withdrawal of the prosthesis. The aim of this study was characterize the materials of modular hip implants to determine possible causes of early retirement, in samples from different clinics in the city of Barranquilla. The materials found in different modular pairs removed were polymer-ceramic and polymer-metal type, such as PMMA, UHMWPE, Ti6Al4V and Co-Cr-Mo. The characterization was developed from medical diagnosis in order to analyze the possible causes and conditions with greater impact, causing the early retirement of hip implants. The samples were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, Optical Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. In the case of polymeric component, this was characterized by TGA. The results showed topographical similarities between modular pairs polymer-metal type. The presence of microcracks shows additional embrittlement in the structure of the implant due to environment. The other hand the polymeric component showed cracks and scratchs due to third body wear in the bearing zone and significant evidence of fracture in the femoral component. In the acetabular component were observed different patterns of adhesive and corrosive wear

Efecto de dos diluyentes sobre la tasa de preñez por inseminación artificial laparoscopica en ovinos

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar dos diluyentes comerciales para el congelamiento de semen ovino y determinar su efecto en la tasa de preñez al ser utilizados en inseminación artificial laparoscópica. El semen utilizado fue de un carnero Dorper adulto, cuyo eyaculado fue dividido en dos: una alícuota fue diluida con un diluyente comercial con base de lecitina de soya y la otra con un diluyente con base de yema de huevo. El semen fue criopreservado (100 x 106 espermatozoides móviles) y cada tipo de dilución fue utilizado para inseminar 15 ovejas. Las hembras fueron sincronizadas con esponjas intravaginales e inseminadas vía laparoscó- pica. El diagnóstico de preñez por ecografía se hizo a los 60 días del servicio. Los resultados indicaron una tasa de preñez de 85% con semen diluido en base de lecitina de soya y 78% con yema de huevo, no habiendo diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. Se concluye que la tasa de preñez obtenida con los dos diluyentes utilizados es similar, por lo cual ambos ofrecen los mismos beneficios a la hora de implementarlos en un programa reproductivo para la especie ovina, mediante inseminación artificial laparoscópica

A comparative study of corrosion resistance in welded joints of aluminium alloy AA1100 obtained by friction-stir and gas metal arc welding processes

En este estudio se evaluó el comportamiento a la corrosión de juntas soldadas obtenidas mediante soldadura por fricción-agitación y por fusión al arco eléctrico de aleación de aluminio AA1100. Con el fin de comparar los efectos de ambos procesos sobre la resistencia a la corrosión, se realizaron pruebas en cámara de niebla salina y ensayos de polarización potenciodinámica, usando cloruro de sodio con base en las normas ASTM B117 y ASTM G5, respectivamente. Se analizaron la velocidad de corrosión, pérdida de masa y curvas de comportamiento potenciodinámico. Los análisis fueron complementados con estereología y con observación de las superficies ensayadas por medio de microscopia electrónica de barrido. Los resultados muestran que la corrosión fue localizada en ambos procesos de soldadura, siendo predominante en la región de soldadura para los procesos al arco. Se presentó para el proceso al arco mayores pérdidas de masa y velocidad de corrosión que para el proceso en estado sólido.In this study was evaluated the corrosion behavior of welded joints obtained by electric arc and friction stir welding in AA1100 aluminum alloy with the aim to compare the effects of the process on the corrosion resistance. Tests were performed on salt spray chamber and potentiodynamic polarization test on welded joints based on ASTM B117 and ASTM G5 standards, respectively, using NaCl. The corrosion rate, mass loss behavior and potentiodynamic curves were analyzed. The analyzes were complemented by observation of tested surfaces with stereology and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that localized corrosion was observed in both processes, which was stronger in the fusion region of welding arc processed samples. Furthermore, this last kind of samples showed higher mass loss and higher corrosion rate than the solid state processed samples

Sterile neutrino portal to Dark Matter I: the U(1) B−L case

In this paper we explore the possibility that the sterile neutrino and Dark Matter sectors in the Universe have a common origin. We study the consequences of this assumption in the simple case of coupling the dark sector to the Standard Model via a global U(1)B−L, broken down spontaneously by a dark scalar. This dark scalar provides masses to the dark fermions and communicates with the Higgs via a Higgs portal coupling. We find an interesting interplay between Dark Matter annihilation to dark scalars — the CP-even that mixes with the Higgs and the CP-odd which becomes a Goldstone boson, the Majoron — and heavy neutrinos, as well as collider probes via the coupling to the Higgs. Moreover, Dark Matter annihilation into sterile neutrinos and its subsequent decay to gauge bosons and quarks, charged leptons or neutrinos lead to indirect detection signatures which are close to current bounds on the gamma ray flux from the galactic center and dwarf galaxies

Muon conversion to electron in nuclei in type-I seesaw models

We compute the muon to electron conversion in the type-I seesaw model, as a function of the right-handed neutrino mixings and masses. The results are compared with previous computations in the literature. We determine the definite predictions resulting for the ratios between the muon to electron conversion rate for a given nucleus and the rate of two other processes which also involve a mu-e flavour transition: mu -> e gamma and mu -> eee. For a quasi-degenerate mass spectrum of right-handed neutrino masses -which is the most natural scenario leading to observable rates- those ratios depend only on the seesaw mass scale, offering a quite interesting testing ground. In the case of sterile neutrinos heavier than the electroweak scale, these ratios vanish typically for a mass scale of order a few TeV. Furthermore, the analysis performed here is also valid down to very light masses. It turns out that planned mu -> e conversion experiments would be sensitive to masses as low as 2 MeV. Taking into account other experimental constraints, we show that future mu -> e conversion experiments will be fully relevant to detect or constrain sterile neutrino scenarios in the 2 GeV-1000 TeV mass range.Comment: 32 pages 14 figures, references added and some minor precisions; results unchange

Activity of secondary bacterial metabolites in the control of citrus canker.

This study investigated the protective effects of secondary bacterial metabolites, produced by Pseudomonas sp. (bacterium strain LN), on citrus canker disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac 306). The LN bacteria strain was cultured in liquid medium and the supernatant free-cells was treated with methanol (AMF) and ethyl acetate (AEF), respectively, and then the extract was concentrated, filtrated, lyophilized and fractionated by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC). After VLC, eight fractions were obtained. All fractions? activity against Xac 306 by agar well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration but in different concentrations were tested. Cytotoxicity effects were observed in all fractions in 50 ?g?mL?1 concentration. The comet assay demonstrated that the fractions EAF, VLC2 and VLC3 presented no genotoxic effects at tested concentrations. In plants only VLC3 showed significant results (p < 0.05), reducing the incidence of citrus canker lesions

Probing the Type I Seesaw Mechanism with Displaced Vertices at the LHC

The observation of Higgs decays into heavy neutrinos would be strong evidence for new physics associated to neutrino masses. In this work we propose a search for such decays within the Type I seesaw model in the few-GeV mass range via displaced vertices. Using 300 fb−1 of integrated luminosity, at 13 TeV, we explore the region of parameter space where such decays are measurable. We show that, after imposing pseudorapidity cuts, there still exists a region where the number of events is larger than O(10). We also find that conventional triggers can greatly limit the sensitivity of our signal, so we display several relevant kinematical distributions which might aid in the optimization of a dedicated trigger selection